Abstract: An artificial socket bone used as an outer cover wholly or partially encapsulating an artificial dental root, wherein the artificial socket bone is formed in a substantially cylindrical tubular shape, with protrusions being formed through a plurality of cuts in the surface of the artificial socket bone, part or all of the protrusions being curved inwards and/or outwards of the artificial socket bone. Some of the cuts are through-holes, which have no protrusions, for letting through cells that differentiate into alveolar bone proper and bone trabeculae.

Abstract: The present invention provide a biomaterial comprising an extirpated piece from a tissue selected from the group consisting of the cornea, muscle, tendon, cartilage, alimentary canal, liver, pancreas, spleen, kidney, heart, blood vessel, nerve and brain of Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes or Cyclostomata.

Abstract: Disclosed is a biomedical material comprising a shark-derived collagen; a biomedical material comprising a shark-derived collagen and hydroxyapatite; and methods for preparing the same. Since the biomedical materials comprise a shark-derived collagen which is low in antigenicity and high in biocompatibility, they do not cause rejection and they produce effects of good adhesion to organisms and easy remodeling when they are used as artificial skin, artificial tendon, artificial bone, surgical suture or the like. They also have an effect that they do not leave a prominent scar when the wound has been cured. Further, the biomedical materials of the invention are excellent in mechanical strength. Thus, when used as artificial skin, they are hard to tear, good for tightly adhering and capable of following the movement of a joint well.

Abstract: An artificial tooth root undergoing connective tissue fusion when implanted. The artificial tooth root is columnar-shaped and has a crown (5) at its one end and an apex (6) at its other end. The artificial tooth root has a dual structure consisting of an outer root (7) and an inner root (8). The outer root (7) and the inner rook (8) have axially extending protrusions 4,4' and recesses 3,3' on their lateral sides and are affixed to each other by a resin adhesive (9).

Abstract: An apatite-organic material complex comprising an apatite powder having a crystal particle size of at most 0.5 .mu.m, an organic material and from 5 to 40 wt. % of water.

Abstract: An artificial dental root having the function of a natural dental root is characterized in that the artificial dental root is made a shape-memorizing alloy capable of changing the apex morphology of the artificial dental root after implantation so as to stay in the jawbone. The artificial dental root is implanted in an alveolus and the apexes thereof then closely contact the inner surface of the alveolus owing to the shape-memorizing effect thereof to fix the dental root firmly in the alveolus.