Abstract: In a data processing system in which main and sub disk storage devices are under the control of individual each disk control devices, the write processing time is reduced by selectively sending data according to the command-chaining time between main and sub disk control devices. A section for judging cable length and function of the sub disk control device 36 estimates command-chaining time between a pair of main and sub disk storage devices. The channel command analyzing section 31 estimates the number of records to be transferred and the length of a record using a LOCATE RECORD command. The command judgment section for the sub disk control device 32 optimizes the command-chain to be issued to the sub disk control device using the above-mentioned information. Then, the section for issuing command to the sub disk control device 35 issues the optimized command chain. Thus, a shorter transmission time is realized by either sending individual records or an entire track of data.

Abstract: A primary controller operates to transmit write data and a write time to a secondary controller in the earlier sequence of the write times after reporting a completion of a request for write to a processing unit. The secondary controller stores the write data and the write time transmitted from the primary controller in the cache memory. At a time, the secondary controller stores the write data in a disk unit in the earlier sequence of the write time. These operations make it possible to guarantee all the write data on or before the reference time.

Abstract: A primary controller operates to transmit write data and a write time to a secondary controller in the earlier sequence of the write times after reporting a completion of a request for write to a processing unit. The secondary controller stores the write data and the write time transmitted from the primary controller in the cache memory. At a time, the secondary controller stores the write data in a disk unit in the earlier sequence of the write time. These operations make it possible to guarantee all the write data on or before the reference time.

Abstract: There is realized a storage system which can reduce the limitation of a device number used by a host CPU at the time of duplexing data. A micro processor of a source external storage controller unit unifies a plurality of write data received from the host CPU to the same data bus to provide one unit of data transmitting to a target storage system. A number not dependent on the device number used when the host CPU specifies a device is allocated to this. Then, the source external storage controller unit sends the write data to the target external storage controller unit. This can receive/send the data without depending on the target specifying device number.

Abstract: With the purpose of achieving consistent non-synchronous copying of data from a plurality of primary side control units to a plurality of secondary side control units, all of the secondary side control units are connected via a loop, and each of the secondary side control units determines guarantee time by circulating a time added to the data received from the primary side control units via said loop communication route. A consistent data copying is guaranteed by circulating the determined guarantee time via the loop communication route.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for controlling data migration in an information processing system which includes a central processing unit (CPU), a new storage system connected to the CPU and an old storage system connected to the new storage system. In the information processing system data migration is conducted to transfer data from the old storage system to the new storage system. The invention operates by permitting access by the CPU to the storage systems during data migration. When an access by the CPU is generated the invention determines whether the access is to a region where data migration has been completed or to a region where data migration has not been completed. If the access is to a region where data migration has been completed, then processing of the access is handled by the new storage system.

Abstract: In a data processing system in which main and sub disk storage devices are under the control of individual each disk control devices, the write processing time is reduced by selectively sending data according to the command-chaining time between main and sub disk control devices. A section for judging cable length and function of the sub disk control device 36 estimates command-chaining time between a pair of main and sub disk storage devices. The channel command analyzing section 31 estimates the number of records to be transferred and the length of a record using a LOCATE RECORD command. The command judgment section for the sub disk control device 32 optimizes the command-chain to be issued to the sub disk control device using the above-mentioned information. Then, the section for issuing command to the sub disk control device 35 issues the optimized command chain. Thus, a shorter transmission time is realized by either sending individual records or an entire track of data.

Abstract: Disk units operable under control of different disk control units hold the same data. Under circumstances in which data is duplexed, when data is duplexed again after data that is generally saved as backup data was accessed for reading and writing, in order to efficiently duplex data, update places of both original data and sub-data updated during the duplexing of data is interrupted are registered on an access information management table of an original disk control unit. When the original disk control unit receives a duplexing resume command, the duplexing of data may be efficiently reorganized by copying original data corresponding to an access place produced during the duplexing is interrupted from information of the access information management table to the backup data or by copying the backup data to the original data.

Abstract: In a semiconductor package which contains an IC element therein and effects the inputting and outputting of a signal to the IC element through a plurality of pads, a group of signals is layout-patterned so as to divided into a plurality of groups such as a group of signals weak against noise, a group of signals liable to discharge noise and a group of signals exchanging a heavy current and so that the groups may be isolated from one another.

Abstract: In a data processing system in which main and sub disk storage devices are under the control of individual each disk control devices, the write processing time is reduced by selectively sending data according to the command-chaining time between main and sub disk control devices. A section for judging cable length and function of the sub disk control device 36 estimates command-chaining time between a pair of main and sub disk storage devices. The channel command analyzing section 31 estimates the number of records to be transferred and the length of a record using a LOCATE RECORD command. The command judgment section for the sub disk control device 32 optimizes the command-chain to be issued to the sub disk control device using the above-mentioned information. Then, the section for issuing command to the sub disk control device 35 issues the optimized command chain. Thus, a shorter transmission time is realized by either sending individual records or an entire track of data.

Abstract: A primary controller operates to transmit write data and a write time to a secondary controller in the earlier sequence of the write times after reporting a completion of a request for write to a processing unit. The secondary controller stores the write data and the write time transmitted from the primary controller in the cache memory. At a time, the secondary controller stores the write data in a disk unit in the earlier sequence of the write time. These operations make it possible to guarantee all the write data on or before the reference time.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for controlling data migration in an information processing system which includes a central processing unit (CPU), a new storage system connected to the CPU and an old storage system connected to the new storage system. In the information processing system data migration is conducted to transfer data from the old storage system to the new storage system. The invention operates by permitting access by the CPU to the storage systems during data migration. When an access by the CPU is generated the invention determines whether the access is to a region where data migration has been completed or to a region where data migration has not been completed. If the access is to a region where data migration has been completed, then processing of the access is handled by the new storage system.

Abstract: In order to enable data migration between old and new subsystems to be performed under stopless operation, a plurality of first access paths are prepared between a CPU and an old CU (old subsystem) having an old VOL and a plurality of third access paths are set between the old CU and a new CU (new subsystem) having a new VOL. The connection is switched from the first access paths of the old subsystem as a replacement source to the second access paths of the new subsystem as a replacement destination on a plurality of occasions. When the CPU accesses the new subsystem via the second access paths on the new subsystem side during the connection change, a path replacement controller relays the access to the old subsystem via the third access paths and allows the access to be processed. Data migration from the old subsystem to the new subsystem is executed after all of the first access paths are switched to the second access paths.

Abstract: A method, apparatus and computer program for controlling data migration in an information processing system which includes a central processing unit (CPU), a new storage system connected to the CPU and an old storage system connected to the new storage system. In the information processing system data migration is conducted to transfer data from the old storage system to the new storage system. The invention operates by permitting access by the CPU to the storage systems during data migration. When an access by the CPU is generated the invention determines whether the access is to a region where data migration has been completed or to a region where data migration has not been completed. If the access is to a region where data migration has been completed, then processing of the access is handled by the new storage system.

Abstract: In order to enable data migration between old and new subsystems to be performed under stopless operation, a plurality of first access paths 20 and 21 are prepared between a CPU 10 and an old CU 13 (old subsystem) having an old VOL 14 and a plurality of third access paths 30 and 31 are set between the old CU 13 and a new CU 11 (new subsystem) having a new VOL 12. The connection is switched from the first access paths 20 and 21 of the old subsystem as a replacement source to the second access paths 20′and 21′of the new subsystem as a replacement destination on a plurality of occasions. When the CPU 10 accesses the new subsystem via the second access paths 20′and 21′ on the new subsystem side during the connection change, a path replacement controller 111 relays the access to the old subsystem via the third access paths 30 and 31 and allows the access to be processed.

Abstract: In a camera in which a sensor receives reflected light from a subject during flash emission to control the amount of flash light emission on the basis of the output of the sensor, a plurality of focus detecting areas are provided within a light-receiving area of the sensor, and when one of the plurality of focus detecting areas is selected for focus adjustment, the camera sets an evaluation criterion for the output of the sensor in accordance with a position of the selected focus detecting area.

Abstract: In a data processing system in which main and sub disk storage devices are under the control of individual each disk control devices, the write processing time is reduced by selectively sending data according to the command-chaining time between main and sub disk control devices. A section for judging cable length and function of the sub disk control device 36 estimates command-chaining time between a pair of main and sub disk storage devices. The channel command analyzing section 31 estimates the number of records to be transferred and the length of a record using a LOCATE RECORD command. The command judgment section for the sub disk control device 32 optimizes the command-chain to be issued to the sub disk control device using the above-mentioned information. Then, the section for issuing command to the sub disk control device 35 issues the optimized command chain. Thus, a shorter transmission time is realized by either sending individual records or an entire track of data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conveniently usable optical apparatus such as a camera which is provided with a visual axis detecting apparatus and a display portion in the field of view of a finder and which realizes a predetermined operating function which is not started when the finder observer is seeing the display portion and the like.

Abstract: Supply of fuel is stopped when fuel pressure sensed by a pressure sensor provided upstream of a regulator is at a predetermined value or less to avoid abnormal combustion caused by improper adjustment of air/fuel ratio. Even slight variation of the fuel pressure is sensed by monitoring the fuel pressure in an interval after closing a fuel shut-off valve once opened to re-opening of it. In addition, an abnormal state in the fuel system is detected by comparing an accumulated value of amount of injected fuel and an estimated value of fuel consumption in the tank. Furthermore, the peak current value of the fuel injection valve is controlled so that, when the engine at a low temperature is started, lift load of the injection valve is larger than sticking force of the injection valve, thereby preventing such situation where the injection valve is frozen so that it cannot supply fuel to the engine. In this case, the engine can be smoothly started by simultaneously controlling the valve open time.

Abstract: A fuel supply mechanism for a gas combustion engine has a tank filled with a gas fuel, a fuel injector having a fuel injection valve mounted on the gas combustion engine, a pipe for supplying the gas fuel from the tank to the fuel injector, a gas fuel cutoff valve in the pipe for cutting off the gas fuel flowing through the pipe, a gas fuel state detector for detecting a state of the gas fuel, and a control unit responsive to a detected signal from the gas fuel state detector for controlling the gas fuel cutoff valve and the fuel injection valve.