Abstract: A piezoelectric resonator includes a laminated structure having a piezoelectric laminate, at least one pair of electrodes and a substrate. The piezoelectric laminate includes at least one first piezoelectric layer having a positive temperature coefficient of a resonant frequency and at least one second piezoelectric layer which has a negative temperature coefficient of a resonant frequency. The at least one pair of electrodes interpose at least one of the first and second piezoelectric layers. The substrate supports the laminated structure and holds a portion of the laminated structure such that a suspended portion of the laminated structure vibrates in response to application of a voltage across the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: A drug complex characterized in that a residue of a drug compound such as antineoplastic agents and a carboxy(C1-4)alkyldextran polyalcohol obtained by treating a dextran under conditions that enable substantially complete polyalcoholization are bound to each other by means of a spacer comprising an amino acid or a spacer comprising peptide-bonded 2 to 8 amino acids. Said complex is characterized-in that it has excellent selectivity to tumorous sites so as to exhibit high antineoplastic activity and also achieves reduced appearance of toxicity.

Abstract: A method for producing a surface acoustic wave device includes the steps of forming a resist pattern corresponding to an interdigital electrodes transducer onto a piezoelectric substrate; forming a first electrode layer comprising elemental Ti or a Ti-based alloy onto the piezoelectric substrate and the resist pattern R; forming a second electrode layer which comprises elemental Cu or an Al-based alloy containing at least 2% by weight of Cu (this layer may have a multilayered structure) onto the first electrode layer; and removing both the resist pattern R and unnecessary parts, if any, of the first electrode layer 31 and the second electrode layer to simultaneously pattern the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. A surface acoustic wave device is constructed according to the above method.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave element includes multilayer electrodes having much higher electric power durability compared to conventional surface acoustic wave elements. The multilayer electrodes are prepared by forming, on a piezoelectric substrate, a Ti base electrode film that improves the orientation characteristics of the multilayer electrodes, an Al-type electrode film, an electrode film having a diffusive material that can easily diffuse into the grain boundary of the Al electrode film, and then an Al electrode film, in this order.

Abstract: A method for producing a surface acoustic wave device includes the steps of forming a resist pattern corresponding to an interdigital electrodes transducer onto a piezoelectric substrate; forming a first electrode layer comprising elemental Ti or a Ti-based alloy onto the piezoelectric substrate and the resist pattern R; forming a second electrode layer which comprises elemental Cu or an Al-based alloy containing at least 2% by weight of Cu (this layer may have a multilayered structure) onto the first electrode layer; and removing both the resist pattern R and unnecessary parts, if any, of the first electrode layer 31 and the second electrode layer to simultaneously pattern the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer. A surface acoustic wave device is constructed according to the above method.

Abstract: A method for constructing a reinforced concrete vessel at a construct site by assembling prefabricated panel type reinforced concrete members and fastening or connecting the members with an assembling and fixing means at a construction site in a short time and the reinforced concrete vessel obtained therefrom.

Abstract: A surface acoustic wave device includes a piezoelectric substrate made of a LiNO3 or LiTaO3 single crystal, and an electrode having excellent power endurance. After a damaged layer formed on a surface of the piezoelectric substrate is removed, an under-electrode layer including at least one of Ti and Cr as a main component is formed by a vacuum deposition process at a temperature of about 100° C. or less, and an Al electrode layer including Al or an Al main component is then formed on the under-electrode layer. The Al electrode layer has a twin crystal structure in which the Al crystal is oriented in a desired direction such that the (111) crystal plane of Al substantially coincides with the Z crystal direction of the piezoelectric substrate.

Abstract: A SiO2 layer is formed on a heat sink section having a cavity by thermal oxidation and an aluminum oxide layer is formed on the SiO2 layer by an electron beam evaporation process at a substrate temperature of 60° C. or less and at a deposition rate of 0.8 nm/s or less. The resulting aluminum oxide film is amorphous and has partial oxygen defects. The SiO2 layer and the aluminum oxide layer constitute a heat insulating thin-film. A thermoelectric conversion element and an infrared-absorbing layer are formed on the heat insulating thin-film to form an infrared sensor. The infrared sensor can be produced at low production costs and has high sensitivity.

Abstract: A method for preparing a drug complex in which a polysaccharide derivative having carboxyl groups and a residue of a drug compound are bound to each other by means of a spacer comprising an amino acid or a spacer comprising peptide-bonded 2 to 8 amino acids, or a drug complex in which a polysaccharide derivative having carboxyl groups and a residue of a drug compound are bound to each other without the spacer, characterized in that an organic amine salt of the polysaccharide derivative having carboxyl groups is reacted with the drug compound or the spacer bound to the drug compound in a non-aqueous system. The reaction between the polysaccharide derivative having carboxyl groups and the drug compound bound with the spacer or the like can be carried out in high yields, and when a drug compound having a lactone ring is subjected to the reaction, side reactions can be reduced.

Abstract: A grating coupled surface emitting laser has a diffraction grating of a second or higher order for guided-mode light part of a waveguide region, and extract a beam in a direction perpendicular to the waveguide region. By narrowing a stripe of the waveguide region around the center, the phase of the diffraction grating is shifted to attain a Gaussian distribution for radiation-mode light in a cross section along the waveguiding direction.

Abstract: A carboxymethylmannoglucan comprising tetrasaccharide units represented by the following general formula (I) and salt thereof. Further, the invention discloses a carboxymethylmannoglucan derivative and salt thereof produced by subjecting part or the whole of mannose of the tetrasaccharide units to ring opening and subjecting part or the whole of glucose which constitute the main chain but have no mannose as a branch ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a carboxymethyl group.The compounds are useful as carrier for delaying the disappearance of a drug in the blood and for enhancing the organotropism of the drug for a carcinoma.

Abstract: A carboxymethylmannoglucan comprising tetrasaccharide units represented by the following general formula (I) and salt thereof. Further, the invention discloses a carboxymethylmannoglucan derivative and salt thereof produced by subjecting part or the whole of mannose of the tetrasaccharide units to ring opening and subjecting part or the whole of glucose which constitute the main chain but have no mannose as a branch ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a carboxymethyl group.The compounds are useful as carrier for delaying the disappearance of a drug in the blood and for enhancing the organotropism of the drug for a carcinoma.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display comprising a liquid crystal and a polyimide alignment layer for orienting the liquid crystal, wherein the polyimide alignment layer has a plurality of regions which are at different imidiation ratios, whereby liquid crystal portions corresponding to the respective regions are oriented at different pretilt angles which are responsive to the imidiation ratios.

Abstract: A novel polysaccharide derivative, a drug carrier comprising a novel polysaccharide derivative, and a drug complex are disclosed. The polysaccharide derivative according to the present invention comprises a polysaccharide having a carboxyl group in which a peptide chain is introduced at a part or all of the carboxyl groups of the polysaccharide. The peptide chain comprises 1-8 amino acids which may be the same or different. A part or all of the amino groups in the peptide chain which are not involved in the linkages with the carboxyl groups of the polysaccharide or the carboxyl groups in the peptide chain may form an acid amide linkage or an ester linkage with a carboxyl group, an amino group or a hydroxyl group of a third compound such as drugs. The polysaccharide derivative has a property of accumulating in a high amount at a tumor, and thus can deliver efficiently a drug which has a side-effect or a limited sustainment of the drug efficacy to the tumor.

Abstract: A carboxymethylmannoglucan comprising tetrasaccharide units represented by the following general formula (I) and salt thereof. Further, the invention discloses a carboxymethylmannoglucan derivative and salt thereof produced by subjecting part or the whole of mannose of the tetrasaccharide units to ring opening and subjecting part or the whole of glucose which constitute the main chain but have no mannose as a branch ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 to R.sup.12 each represent a hydrogen atom or a carboxymethyl group.The compounds are useful as carrier for delaying the disappearance of a drug in the blood and for enhancing the organotropism of the drug for a carcinoma.

Abstract: N-acetylcarboxymethylchitosan derivatives are provided by the present invention. They are represented by the following formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 individually mean H or carboxymethyl group; P denotes a group R.sub.3 CO--, a group R.sub.4 NH-- or a group R.sub.5 O-- with assuming that R.sub.3 COOH denotes a compound having carboxyl group, R.sub.4 NH.sub.2 denotes a compound having amino group and R.sub.5 OH denotes an alcohol compound; Q stands for H or a group --OH; X represents a peptide chain containing same or different, one to ten amino acids; a.sub.1 and a.sub.2 individually represent zero or a positive integer, provided that both of a.sub.1 and a.sub.2 are not zero at the same time, and b stands for a positive integer; and having the following characteristic values (1)-(4):______________________________________ (1) carboxymethylation degree: 0.5-1.2 (2) molecular weight (as measured 3,000-300,000 by gel filtration method): (3) a/(a + b): 0.01-1 [provided that a = a.sub.1 + a.sub.

Abstract: A treating device is inserted into the body cavity of a subject through a sheath by freely moving an operation wire in a forward/backward direction. A treating unit is connected to the forward end of the operation wire and includes a plurality of elastic wires extending from the forward end to the back end, a tip cap for holding the forward ends of the elastic wires, and a holding member for holding the back ends of the elastic wires. The respective elastic wires have first to fifth bent points in a position from the forward end to the back end thereof. The first and fifth bent points are projected inwardly relative to the center of the treating unit and second to fourth bent points are projected outwardly away from the center of the treating unit. All sections or sides each defined between the adjacent corresponding bent points of elastic wires are inclined at given angles to the center axis of the treating unit when they are spread out from the distal end of the sheath.

Abstract: A sulfated polysaccharide DS4152 useful as an angiogenesis inhibitor or antitumor agent is provided selectively. As the sodium salt, it has the following physicochemical characteristics. Molecular weight by the gel filtration method: 29,000.+-.3,000. Elemental analysis: C: 24.42-25.76%, H: 3.34-3.98%, N: 0.51-0.89%, S: 10.6-11.7% and P: 0.77-1.06%. Sugar and protein contents: Sugar content (%): 57.+-.3 (by phenol sulfuric acid method; standard: galactose). Protein content (%): 1.+-.0.5 (by the Lowry-Folin's method; standard: bovine serum albumin). Specific rotatory power [.alpha.].sub.D.sup.25 : -37.degree..+-.1.degree. (0.5% aq. solution). Characteristic absorption bands in infrared absorption spectrum: 1240, 840 (shoulder), 810 (cm.sup.-1 ; KBr).

Abstract: A speed change device for a bicycle comprises a carrier jointed to a crank arm and a plurality of planet gears rotatably supported on a plurality of shafts arranged in a circle on said carrier. Each of the planet gears includes a plurality of planet gear elements different in number of teeth. The device further comprises an internal gear in mesh with ones of the planet gear elements of the planet gears and formed in an outer circumference with a sprocket to form a driven rotary body, one-way clutches for connecting the driven rotary body to the carrier, a plurality of sun gears provided on a crankshaft and in mesh with the planet gear elements of the planet gears, respectively, and one-way clutches provided between inner circumferences of the sun gears and a fixed bearing enclosing the crankshaft. One of the one-way clutches last mentioned is able to connect selectively.

Abstract: Mannoglucan derivatives wherein from about 2 to 51 per 100 of side chain .alpha.-D-mannopyranosyl residues of mannoglucan have been cleaved and reduced to polyhydroxy residues possess antitumor activity with reduced pyrogenecity.