Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a polymerizable fluorine-containing sulfonic acid onium salt of the following general formula (2) and a resin obtained by polymerization thereof. It is possible by the use of this sulfonate resin of the present invention to provide a resist composition with high resolution, board depth of focus tolerance (DOF), small line edge roughness (LER) and high sensitivity. In the formula, Z represents a substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight or branched alkylene group, or a divalent moiety in which substituted or unsubstituted C1-C6 straight or branched alkylene groups are bonded in series to a divalent group obtained by elimination of two hydrogen atoms from an alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon; R represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a C1-C3 alkyl or fluorine-containing alkyl group; and Q+ represents a sulfonium cation or an iodonium cation.

Abstract: An ?-trifluoromethyl-?,?-unsaturated ester can be produced by reacting an ?-trifluoromethyl-?-hydroxy ester with sulfuryl fluoride (SO2F2) in the presence of an organic base. It is preferable that the raw substrate has a hydrogen atom as one ?-position substituent group and either an alkyl group, a substituted alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a substituted alkenyl group, an aromatic ring group or a substituted aromatic ring group as the other ?-position substituent group. It is more preferable that an ester moiety of the raw substrate is an alkyl ester. This raw substrate is readily available. Further, the desired reaction can proceed favorably with the use of this raw substrate. It is also preferable to use either 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-ene (DBN) or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) as the organic base. The desired reaction can proceed more favorably with the use of this organic base.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing sulfonic acid salt or a compound having a fluorine-containing sulfonic acid group, either of which having a structure represented by the following general formula (1), is provided. Such a salt or compound can act as a suitable photo-acid generator, and can form a resist pattern having excellent sensitivity, resolution and mask-dependence. [In general formula (1), R represents a substituted or unsubstituted linear or branched monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon group having 3 to 30 carbon atoms and a cyclic or a partially cyclic structure, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted monovalent heterocyclic organic group having 4 to 30 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A vehicle anti-theft apparatus and method can prevent the theft of a vehicle and the illegal use thereof without increased costs. The apparatus includes an IC card carried by a user of a vehicle, an IC card reader in the vehicle for reading information contained in the IC card, and an authentication processing section in the vehicle for authenticating the user when the vehicle is used. The IC card includes a memory for storing identification information and use time limit information of the vehicle. The IC card reader reads the identification information and the use time limit information stored in the memory. When the identification information of the IC card and authentication identification information stored beforehand in the vehicle coincide with each other, and when a current time is within a use time limit of the use time limit information, the authentication processing section permits the use of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method and device of recording RRO correction information including recording first RRO correction information on a first track in one of servo frames of a recording medium and recording second RRO correction information on a second track different from the first recording track at a position different from a position of the first RRO correction information with respect to a peripheral direction.

Abstract: A magnetic disk incorporated into a magnetic disk device is divided radially into a plurality of areas. An inner-circumference area has servo information written thereon at a low frequency. An outer-circumference area has servo information written thereon at a high frequency. The magnetic disk device creates concentric tracks on the magnetic disk with a magnetic disk rotation center as the center of the concentric tracks and selects a dividing track that acts as a demarcation for switching the area from which servo information will be read. The magnetic disk device then deletes all the servo information that is not going to be read in each of the areas divided by the dividing track.

Abstract: A magnetic disk incorporated into a magnetic disk device is divided radially into a plurality of areas. An inner-circumference area has servo information written thereon at a low frequency. An outer-circumference area has servo information written thereon at a high frequency. The magnetic disk device creates concentric tracks on the magnetic disk with a magnetic disk rotation center as the center of the concentric tracks and selects a dividing track that acts as a demarcation for switching the area from which servo information will be read. The magnetic disk device then deletes all the servo information that is not going to be read in each of the areas divided by the dividing track.

Abstract: A method of controlling a disk drive is disclosed that is capable of precise and real-time detection of an abnormal floating height of a magnetic head over an entire area of a magnetic disk. The method of controlling the disk drive includes the steps of: calculating a servo gain difference between a servo gain value obtained from a servo frame of the disk drive and a normal servo gain value recorded in the servo frame, the normal servo gain value being a servo gain value when a magnetic head flies normally relative to a magnetic disk; and forbidding the magnetic head writing data into the magnetic disk when the servo gain difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A vehicle anti-theft apparatus and method can prevent the theft of a vehicle and the illegal use thereof without increased costs. The apparatus includes an IC card carried by a user of a vehicle, an IC card reader in the vehicle for reading information contained in the IC card, and an authentication processing section in the vehicle for authenticating the user when the vehicle is used. The IC card includes a memory for storing identification information and use time limit information of the vehicle. The IC card reader reads the identification information and the use time limit information stored in the memory. When the identification information of the IC card and authentication identification information stored beforehand in the vehicle coincide with each other, and when a current time is within a use time limit of the use time limit information, the authentication processing section permits the use of the vehicle.

Abstract: A method of controlling a disk drive is disclosed that is capable of precise and real-time detection of an abnormal floating height of a magnetic head over an entire area of a magnetic disk. The method of controlling the disk drive includes the steps of: calculating a servo gain difference between a servo gain value obtained from a servo frame of the disk drive and a normal servo gain value recorded in the servo frame, the normal servo gain value being a servo gain value when a magnetic head flies normally relative to a magnetic disk; and forbidding the magnetic head writing data into the magnetic disk when the servo gain difference is equal to or greater than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A vehicle anti-theft apparatus and method can prevent the theft of a vehicle without increasing costs, and hence the illegal use of the theft vehicle. The apparatus includes a smart key carried by a user, and a smart keyless control device installed on the vehicle. The smart key includes a storage section for storing identification information and use time limit information of the vehicle. The smart keyless control device reads the identification information and the use time limit information stored in a memory, and authenticates the vehicle user based on the identification information and the use time limit information upon use of the vehicle. The use of the vehicle is permitted when the identification information and the authentication identification information set beforehand in the smart keyless control device coincide with each other, and when a current time is within a use time limit of the use time limit information.

Abstract: A recording apparatus capable of securely reading out data for causing a head to follow along circular tracks set virtually. Therefore, on-track control along the virtual tracks is possible by the conversion data on the discoid record medium even when, for example, the printed circuit board in a recording apparatus has been replaced.

Abstract: A disk device performs position control of a head. An acquiring unit acquires correction information and check information from a disk for checking the correction information. A judging unit judges whether the correction information acquired should be used for correcting position information recorded in the disk, based on the correction information acquired and the check information acquired.

Abstract: There are provided a storage apparatus and a computer-readable recording medium, on whose storage areas, servo frames are arranged at uniform intervals in a spoke-like pattern. Each of the servo frames has an index bit storing section storing, as an index bit, part of an index pattern, which is operable to identify a storage area. The apparatus and the recording medium have a storage area recognizing unit for recognizing the storage areas based on the index bits, which are obtained by an index bit obtaining unit. The index bits, stored one in each of the index bit storing sections of the servo frames, are adapted to form, when being sequentially arranged, an index bit string in which such an index pattern repeatedly appears.

Abstract: A disk device performs position control of a head. An acquiring unit acquires correction information and check information from a disk for checking the correction information. A judging unit judges whether the correction information acquired should be used for correcting position information recorded in the disk, based on the correction information acquired and the check information acquired.

Abstract: A recording apparatus capable of securely reading out data for causing a head to follow along circular tracks set virtually. Therefore, on-track control along the virtual tracks is possible by the conversion data on the discoid record medium even when, for example, the printed circuit board in a recording apparatus has been replaced.

Abstract: There are provided a storage apparatus and a computer-readable recording medium, on whose storage areas, servo frames are arranged at uniform intervals in a spoke-like pattern. Each of the servo frames has an index bit storing section storing, as an index bit, part of an index pattern, which is operable to identify a storage area. The apparatus and the recording medium have a storage area recognizing unit for recognizing the storage areas based on the index bits, which are obtained by an index bit obtaining unit. The index bits, stored one in each of the index bit storing sections of the servo frames, are adapted to form, when being sequentially arranged, an index bit string in which such an index pattern repeatedly appears.

Abstract: A throttle device for engine has a throttle valve, a shaft, and a valve gear. The valve gear is driven to rotate by a motor. The shaft and the valve gear are unitarily molded of a continuous resinous material. In the coupled area between the shaft and the valve, a recess section is provided. The recess section is formed, from the outer end face of the gear, coaxially with the shaft. The recess section serves as a thin-walled section, and prevents deformation of the gear likely to be caused by heat shrinkage. Furthermore, the recess section includes a through hole, which is effective for moving the ball bearing along the axial direction. A press-fitting tool is inserted into the through hole to install the ball bearing by pressing.

Abstract: A method for controlling a disk apparatus in which a head scans tracks on a disk to record or retrieve information. The method includes a position error detection procedure which detects a position error between said head and said track, a phase control procedure which advances a phase of said position error detected by said position error detection procedure by a predetermined value and a head control procedure which controls a position of said head according to the position error which is advanced in phase by said phase control procedure.

Abstract: A throttle device for engine has a throttle valve, a shaft, and a valve gear. The valve gear is driven to rotate by a motor. The shaft and the valve gear are unitarily molded of a continuous resinous material. In the coupled area between the shaft and the valve, a recess section is provided. The recess section is formed, from the outer end face of the gear, coaxially with the shaft. The recess section serves as a thin-walled section, and prevents deformation of the gear likely to be caused by heat shrinkage. Furthermore, the recess section includes a through hole, which is effective for moving the ball bearing along the axial direction. A press-fitting tool is inserted into the through hole to install the ball bearing by pressing.