Abstract: A bag is formed in a gusset bag shape, and sections respectively extending along the short-side portions of a pair of front and back principal-surface film portions are each joined together as end joint portions, to thereby seal frozen food inside the bag. In each end joint portion: the pair of V-shape segments of a side-surface film portion, which is folded inward in a V-shape, is not joined together; and an end of the side-surface film portion is joined only to the ends of the pair of front and back principal-surface film portions extending along the respective short-side portions thereof, to thereby form a side joint region formed so as to expand in a V-shape, each side joint region being formed by joining the end of the side-surface film portion and the ends of the respective principal-surface film portions extending along the short-side portion thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A polishing sheet, having polishing particles fixed to a base sheet in a single-layer formation by an adhesive agent so as to be mutually separated in the direction of their plane and having cutting edges exposed and arranged to be coplanar, is produced by forming on a provisional base sheet a film of a provisional adhesive agent of a thickness smaller than the average diameter of the polishing particles, dispersing the polishing particles onto the film of the provisional adhesive agent so as to contact the provisional base sheet, pressing the base sheet covered with the adhesive agent onto the polishing particles with the adhesive agent facing towards the polishing particles, hardening the pressed adhesive agent, and removing the provisional base sheet and the film of the provisional adhesive agent. The polishing particles are charged in a same polarity when dispersed.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A polishing sheet suitable for precise polishing is produced by arranging polishing particles as a single particle layer on a base sheet and includes a base sheet and a polishing layer made of polishing particles and a binder resin for fixing the polishing particles that are arranged as a single particle layer. The polishing particles protrude partially from the surface of the binder resin, being covered or not covered with a thin film of the binder resin.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: This invention presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where steps from magnetic-film deposition to lubricant-layer preparation are carried out without vacuum breaking. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where a substrate is cleaned prior to the lubricant-layer preparation. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where burnishing is carried out in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where post-preparation treatment to coordinate adhesive strength and surface lubricity of the lubricant layer is carried out in vacuum.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk includes a magnetic-film deposition chamber in which a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate; a lubricant-layer preparation chamber in which a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in vacuum; and a cleaning chamber in which the substrate is cleaned in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition in the magnetic-film chamber and before the lubricant-layer preparation in the lubricant-layer chamber. The apparatus may further include a transfer system that transfers the substrate from the cleaning chamber to the lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere.

Abstract: In manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, a magnetic film for a recording layer is deposited on a substrate of the magnetic recording disk in a magnetic-film deposition chamber, and the substrate is transferred from the magnetic-film deposition chamber to a lubricant-layer preparation chamber without exposing the substrate to the atmosphere. Then, a lubricant layer is prepared on the substrate in the lubricant-layer preparation chamber.

Abstract: This invention presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where steps from magnetic-film deposition to lubricant-layer preparation are carried out without vacuum breaking. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where a substrate is cleaned prior to the lubricant-layer preparation. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where burnishing is carried out in vacuum after the magnetic-film deposition. The invention also presents a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a magnetic recording disk, where post-preparation treatment to coordinate adhesive strength and surface lubricity of the lubricant layer is carried out in vacuum.

Abstract: An abrasive super-finishing method for workpieces, such as metallic thin-film magnetic discs, employs a polishing/texturing material having a backing, such as synthetic resin film or woven material or non-woven cloth, and a layer which can hold abrasive grains on the backing, such as flocked fibre or a porous polymer foam, on one surface of the backing. An electrolytic solution in which abrasive grains are suspended is supplied to the polishing/texturing material to conduct polishing or texturing of the workpiece surfaces. The workpiece is connected to an anode and a pressure roller or a cathode bar is connected to a cathode. A voltage is applied between the workpiece and the pressure roller or cathode bar to conduct simultaneously electrolytic polishing and abrasive polishing/texturing.

Abstract: A photo-solidification modeling apparatus and a photo-solidification modeling method, wherein the reliability of an operation for coating the upper surface of a solidified layer with an unsolidified liquid is improved and the time required to carry out the same operation is reduced. To meet the purpose, a clearance is formed between the lower surface of a recoater travelling on a solidified layer and the upper surface of the solidified layer. When this condition is satisfied, an unsolidified liquid is introduced onto the solidified layer by virtue of both the force of the lower surface of the recoater which drags the unsolidified liquid and the nature of the unsolidified liquid entering the clearance. When recesses are provided in the lower surface of the recoater, the liquid adsorbed to the surfaces of the recesses is also introduced onto the unsolidified layer.

Abstract: A product required to be kept in a clean environment is packaged by removing outer layers of a multi-layer film and immediately thereafter introducing its inner core sheet inside a clean room. A bag with an opening is produced inside the clean room by superposing and sealing together two of such core sheets, by splitting one core sheet into two sub-layers and superposing and sealing together these two sub-layers or by folding one core sheet and superposing and sealing together its folded parts. The product may be packaged in such a bag either by using the same apparatus which makes the bag or by using another apparatus. The bag is made of a multi-layered material, and its outer layer is peeled off immediately before it is put inside a clean room to be torn apart and to have the produce taken out.

Abstract: A surface processing machine employing a processing tape cartridge for polishing or grinding disks or the like. The machine employs a processing tape cartridge which rotatably accommodates in a casing a pair of reels for the winding of processing tape. The machine comprises a cartridge holder for holding the tape cartridge; a tape drawing mechanism to draw out a portion of the processing tape in the cartridge; a guide roller mechanism for setting and transporting the processing tape on a predetermined path of travel; a work holder mechanism adapted to hold and rotate a work at its machining position; and a tape pressing mechanism for pressing the processing tape against the work.

Abstract: Described herein is a surface treating tape cartridge packaging a surface treating tape in a casing ready for loading the tape on a surface treating machine, and a surface treating machine capable of automatically loading a surface treating tape in position from such a cartridge, the tape cartridge being basically composed of: a casing formed by separably joined upper and lower halves; and a pair of reels carrying a roll of surface treating tape and rotatably accommodated between the upper and lower halves of the casing.