Abstract: Embodiments provide a helical layer structure including: a helical core member which is formed of a flexible, lengthy, flat plate-like core member and which is formed of a steel plate made of a metal material, such as iron; and a polymeric coating layer which is formed of a polymeric material such as a thermosetting elastic material or a thermoplastic elastic material, and which coats the helical core member. The manufacturing method of the helical layer structure includes: a feeding step of feeding a core member having flexibility; a supply step of supplying the polymeric material having fluidity; a coating step of coating the core member with the polymeric material; a cooling step of cooling a coated intermediate which is coated with the polymeric material; and a helix formation step of helically twisting the coated intermediate to form the helical layer structure.

Abstract: Embodiments provide a helical layer structure including: a helical core member which is formed of a flexible, lengthy, flat plate-like core member and which is formed of a steel plate made of a metal material, such as iron; and a polymeric coating layer which is formed of a polymeric material such as a thermosetting elastic material or a thermoplastic elastic material, and which coats the helical core member. The manufacturing method of the helical layer structure includes: a feeding step of feeding a core member having flexibility; a supply step of supplying the polymeric material having fluidity; a coating step of coating the core member with the polymeric material; a cooling step of cooling a coated intermediate which is coated with the polymeric material; and a helix formation step of helically twisting the coated intermediate to form the helical layer structure.

Abstract: The acidic copper plating solution of the present invention includes: a first additive including a cationic polymer; at least one second additive selected from the group consisting of 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazole sulfonic acid, sodium 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazole sulfonate dihydrate, ethylene thiourea, and partial 2-mercapto-5-benzimidazole sulfonate of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride); and a third additive including a sulfur atom-containing organic compound, the acidic copper plating solution having a copper concentration of 10 to 60 g/L and a sulfuric acid concentration of 10 to 200 g/L, and containing chloride ions of in an amount of 90 mg/L or less. The acidic copper plating solution is capable of producing an acidic copper plated product having low thermal expansion property.

Abstract: There is provided a method of well filling copper in a conductivity-rendered non-through hole having an aspect ratio (depth/hole diameter) of 5 or more on a substrate in a short period of time, and the method comprises using an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid, chlorine ion, a brightener and a copolymer of diallylamines and sulfur dioxide and filling copper in the non-through hole by periodic current reversal copper plating.

Abstract: A film-forming apparatus (100) includes: a vacuum chamber (30) configured to store a substrate (34B) in which a through-hole is formed and a source of copper emission (35B); a vacuum pump (36) configured to decompress an interior of the vacuum chamber (30) to a predetermined degree of vacuum; a power supply (80) configured to generate electric power applied to the substrate (34B); and a driving mechanism for use in setting a distance between the substrate (34B) and the source of copper emission (35B). When a copper material emitted from the source of copper emission (35B) is deposited on one main surface of the substrate (34B) to block an opening of the through-hole in the one main surface by means of a deposited film formed of the copper material, a blocked state of the opening blocked by the deposited film is adjusted based on the distance and the electric power.

Abstract: There is provided a method of well filling copper in a conductivity-rendered non-through hole having an aspect ratio (depth/hole diameter) of 5 or more on a substrate in a short period of time, and the method comprises using an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid, chlorine ion, a brightener and a copolymer of diallylamines and sulfur dioxide and filling copper in the non-through hole by periodic current reversal copper plating.

Abstract: A method of filling copper in a non-through hole on a substrate that has been treated to render it conductive, which comprises plating said substrate in an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid and a filling additive that is a polymer having the activities of both of a brightener and a leveler.

Abstract: A wheel suspension device for a vehicle includes a wheel supporting member rotatably supporting a wheel. The wheel supporting member is linked to a vehicle-body side by a first link and a second link, with the second link arranged substantially parallel to the first link in a vehicle width direction. The first link has a projecting portion, and at least one elastic linking portion links the projecting portion to the second link.

Abstract: A wheel suspension device for a vehicle includes a wheel supporting member rotatably supporting a wheel. The wheel supporting member is linked to a vehicle-body side by a first link and a second link, with the second link arranged substantially parallel to the first link in a vehicle width direction. The first link has a projecting portion, and at least one elastic linking portion links the projecting portion to the second link.

Abstract: There is provided a method of well filling copper in a conductivity-rendered non-through hole having an aspect ratio (depth/hole diameter) of 5 or more on a substrate in a short period of time, and the method comprises using an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid, chlorine ion, a brightener and a copolymer of diallylamines and sulfur dioxide and filling copper in the non-through hole by periodic current reversal copper plating.

Abstract: [Problem to be Solved] To provide a method of well filling copper in a non-through hole on a conductivity-rendered substrate by using a copper plating bath containing fewer additives. [Means for Solving the Problem] A method of filling copper in a non-through hole on a substrate that has been treated to render it conductive, which comprises plating said substrate in an acidic copper plating bath comprising a water-soluble copper salt, sulfuric acid and a filling additive that is a polymer having the activities of both of a brightener and a leveler.

Abstract: A wheel suspension device for a vehicle includes a wheel supporting member rotatably supporting a wheel. The wheel supporting member is linked to a vehicle-body side by a first link and a second link, with the second link arranged substantially parallel to the first link in a vehicle width direction. The first link has a projecting portion, and at least one elastic linking portion links the projecting portion to the second link.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system is configured to avoid contact between wheels and wheel housings when the wheels are steered and to enlarge the maximum steering angle. The vehicle steering system has a steering knuckle that supports a wheel for rotation about a wheel axis and a pivotal movement about a steering axis. The steering knuckle is coupled to a first end part of an extension link. A second end part of the extension link is connected to an arm through a control rod. The extension link is pivotally sustained around a steering axis. The arm is connected to a front end of a knuckle arm through a tie rod. When the arm turns, the second end part of the extension link is pulled inside through the control rod, and the steering knuckle situated on rear end of the control rod is pushed outwardly. At the same time, the arm steers the steering knuckle through the tie rod.

Abstract: The present invention discloses serum remnant-like lipoprotein concentration regulators containing triglyceride of medium-chain fatty acids, wherein 90% or more by weight of the fatty acids as components of the medium-chain triglyceride are saturated fatty acids having 8 and 10 carbon atoms; weight ratio between the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms and those having 10 carbon atoms is 60/40 to 85/15; and the proportion of the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms in all the fatty acids bonding to the second position of the triglyceride is 60 to 85 % by weight. The present invention also discloses foods for controlling the concentration of serum remnant-like lipoproteins and pharmaceutical compositions for controlling the concentration of serum remnant-like lipoproteins, which contain the serum remnant-like lipoprotein concentration regulator.

Abstract: A vehicle height adjusting apparatus includes a suspension spring supporting a sprung weight of a vehicle, a pivotal unsprung member carrying a road wheel and connected to a lower end of the suspension spring so as to pivot in response to deformation of the suspension spring, and a drive mechanism adapted so as to be free from the sprung weight and capable of moving the unsprung member so as to cause the suspension spring to increase or decrease in length and thereby adjusting a vehicle height at the road wheel.

Abstract: The present invention discloses serum remnant-like lipoprotein concentration regulators containing triglyceride of medium-chain fatty acids, wherein 90% or more by weight of the fatty acids as components of the medium-chain triglyceride are saturated fatty acids having 8 and 10 carbon atoms; weight ratio between the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms and those having 10 carbon atoms is 60/40 to 85/15; and the proportion of the saturated fatty acids having 8 carbon atoms in all the fatty acids bonding to the second position of the triglyceride is 60 to 85 % by weight. The present invention also discloses foods for controlling the concentration of serum remnant-like lipoproteins and pharmaceutical compositions for controlling the concentration of serum remnant-like lipoproteins, which contain the serum remnant-like lipoprotein concentration regulator.

Abstract: The nail art operating apparatus of the present invention is capable of depicting pictorial images with various contents on nails using various colors of inks accurately during short time period without compelling the user to perform onerous operation, and contaminates periphery of the apparatus a little.

Abstract: A vehicle steering system is configured to avoid contact between wheels and wheel housings when the wheels are steered and to enlarge the maximum steering angle. The vehicle steering system has a steering knuckle that supports a wheel for rotation about a wheel axis and a pivotal movement about a steering axis. The steering knuckle is coupled to a first end part of an extension link. A second end part of the extension link is connected to an arm through a control rod. The extension link is pivotally sustained around a steering axis. The arm is connected to a front end of a knuckle arm through a tie rod. When the arm turns, the second end part of the extension link is pulled inside through the control rod, and the steering knuckle situated on rear end of the control rod is pushed outwardly. At the same time, the arm steers the steering knuckle through the tie rod.

Abstract: A vehicle height adjusting apparatus includes a suspension spring supporting a sprung weight of a vehicle, a pivotal unsprung member carrying a road wheel and connected to a lower end of the suspension spring so as to pivot in response to deformation of the suspension spring, and a drive mechanism adapted so as to be free from the sprung weight and capable of moving the unsprung member so as to cause the suspension spring to increase or decrease in length and thereby adjusting a vehicle height at the road wheel.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of preventing or treating a disease caused by oxidation in vivo by administering a pharmacologically effective amount of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: (1) 2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(&bgr;-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychromane; and (2) 2,7, 8-trimethyl-2-(&bgr;-carboxyethyl)-6-hydroxychromane. Further, it provides use of a compound selected from the group consisting of (3) &agr;-tocopherol, (4) &agr;-tocotrienol, (5) &ggr;-tocopherol and (6) &ggr;-tocotrienol for generation in vivo of any of the above compounds (1) and (2) to treat a disease caused by oxidated low density lipoprotein (LDL).