Abstract: The present application is directed to various embodiments of cold-brew green tea compositions, methods of preparing a cold-brew green tea beverage, an infusion bag for cold brewing green tea, and a green tea cold brewing system. In at least one embodiment, the cold-brew green tea composition comprises a mixture of green tea leaf pieces and powdered green tea leaves. Mixing the cold-brew green tea composition in chilled water may produce a green tea beverage having a high concentration of catechins.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal display apparatus in which the cell gap is uniform and the display quality is high, and also a method for manufacturing the same. In the liquid crystal display apparatus, a color filter side substrate in which a protrusion is formed by a black mask, and a TFT side substrate in which a recess is formed by a resin film such as an orientation film are bonded together via dispersed spacers therebetween, and a liquid crystal is filled between the substrates. In the resin film such as an orientation film, patterning is performed except a portion which is opposed to the protrusion, thereby forming the recess in the TFT side substrate. The formation of the recess prevents the cell gap from being pushed up even when the dispersed spacers are placed on the protrusion. Even in the case where the substrates are not flat, therefore, the cell gap can be maintained uniform.

Abstract: It is an object of the invention to provide a liquid crystal display apparatus in which the cell gap is uniform and the display quality is high, and also a method for manufacturing the same. In the liquid crystal display apparatus, a color filter side substrate in which a protrusion is formed by a black mask, and a TFT side substrate in which a recess is formed by a resin film such as an orientation film are bonded together via dispersed spacers therebetween, and a liquid crystal is filled between the substrates. In the resin film such as an orientation film, patterning is performed except a portion which is opposed to the protrusion, thereby forming the recess in the TFT side substrate. The formation of the recess prevents the cell gap from being pushed up even when the dispersed spacers are placed on the protrusion. Even in the case where the substrates are not flat, therefore, the cell gap can be maintained uniform.

Abstract: A transmitter/receiver in a base station comprises an antenna failure detection system including a receiving antenna for receiving a first signal from own station through a transmitting antenna and a second signal from another station, a channel filter for separating the first signal and the second signal, a detector for detecting the second signal, and a comparator for comparing the level of the detected signal, which is proportional to the coupling factor between the transmitting antenna and the receiving antenna, against a threshold to output an antenna failure signal based on the result of the comparison. The antenna failure detection system operates in a normal operation mode of the transmitter/receiver without reducing the number of service channels.

Abstract: In a receiver having an antenna switch (23) which is connected between a receiving section (24) and an antenna (21) for adjusting a received signal so that the received signal has, as a current signal level, one of a first and a second signal level, a switch control section (26) controls an operation of the antenna switch by the use of a current signal level of the received signal and a first and a second reference level which are determined in first and second determining sections (27, 28), respectively. In order to detect the current signal level, a signal level detection circuit (25) is connected to the antenna switch. It is preferable that a signal level holding circuit (34) is connected between the signal level detection circuit and the switch control section and is for holding the current signal level during a predetermined time duration.

Abstract: Intermediate frequency Fif output from a first frequency mixer passes through IF filter which attenuates a noise level at a frequency of a difference between receiving frequency Frx and output frequency FL2 from a second local oscillator to a level such that the a transmitting noise produces no receiving sensitivity suppression, whereby the intermediate frequency becomes one that possesses a sufficiently low noise level compared to a sensitivity level of a receiver. After the intermediated frequency is converted to a transmitting frequency by a second frequency mixer, in the intermediate frequency which increases its noise level by a gain obtained by the circuit components disposed behind first frequency mixer, a receiving band noise is removed by a transmitting filter having an attenuation amount at a receiving band equal to the gain obtained by the circuit component disposed behind the first frequency mixer.