Abstract: Described herein are enzymes, such as for example, methanol dehydrogenase (MDH), 3-hexulose-6-phosphate isomerase (PHI), 3-hexulose-6-phosphate synthase (HPS), ribose-5-phosphate isomerase (RPI), ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (RPE), transketolase (TKT), transaldolase (TAL) enzymes, phosphofructokinase (PFK), Sedoheptulose 1,7-Bisphosphatase (GLPX), fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (GND), and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (ZWF); recombinant host cells expressing the enzymes; methods of producing methylotrophic cells; and methods of producing amino acids (e.g., lysine).

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid such as L-lysine is provided. An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium having an L-amino acid-producing ability, which has been modified so that the activity of a carotenoid biosynthesis enzyme is increased, in a medium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium.

Abstract: A production system for a product selected from a nitrogen-containing product and a fermented and cultured product that does not involve (or can minimize) the transport of liquid ammonia can include: an ammonia synthesis apparatus in which an ammonia-containing gas is synthesized by reaction of a source gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the presence of a supported metal catalyst containing as a support one or more selected from the group consisting of: i) a conductive mayenite compound; ii) a two-dimensional electride compound or a precursor thereof; and iii) a complex formed of a support base containing at least one metal oxide selected from ZrO2, TiO2, CeO2, and MgO and a metal amide represented by a formula M(NH2)x (where M represents one or more selected from Li, Na, K, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, and Eu; and x represents a valence number of M) supported by the support base.

Abstract: Provided is a novel production system that does not involve, or can minimize, the transport of liquid ammonia in the production of an organic compound or the production of a microorganism by microbial fermentation. A production system for an organic compound or a microorganism includes: an ammonia synthesis apparatus in which an ammonia-containing gas is synthesized by reaction of a source gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the presence of a supported ruthenium catalyst; and a culture apparatus that cultures a microorganism having organic compound productivity using ammonia originating from the ammonia-containing gas obtained by using the ammonia synthesis apparatus.

Abstract: Provided is a novel production system that does not involve, or can minimize, the transport of liquid ammonia in the production of an organic compound or the production of a microorganism by microbial fermentation. A production system for an organic compound or a microorganism includes: an ammonia synthesis apparatus in which an ammonia-containing gas is synthesized by reaction of a source gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the presence of a supported ruthenium catalyst; and a culture apparatus that cultures a microorganism having organic compound productivity using ammonia originating from the ammonia-containing gas obtained by using the ammonia synthesis apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing an L-amino acid such as L-lysine is provided. An L-amino acid is produced by culturing a bacterium having an L-amino acid-producing ability, which has been modified so that the activity of a carotenoid biosynthesis enzyme is increased, in a medium, and collecting the L-amino acid from the medium.

Abstract: A method for producing a target substance is provided. A target substance is produced by culturing a coryneform bacterium, which is able to produce a target substance, and which also has an improved ability to assimilate xylose as a result of the introduction of a mutation into a coding region and/or an expression control region of the NCgl2954 gene on the chromosome of the bacterium. The culture is conducted in a medium containing xylose, and the target substance can be collected from the medium.

Abstract: Provided is a novel production system for a product selected from a nitrogen-containing product and a fermented and cultured product that does not involve (or can minimize) the transport of liquid ammonia.

Abstract: Provided is a novel production system that does not involve, or can minimize, the transport of liquid ammonia in the production of an organic compound or the production of a microorganism by microbial fermentation. A production system for an organic compound or a microorganism includes: an ammonia synthesis apparatus in which an ammonia-containing gas is synthesized by reaction of a source gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen in the presence of a supported ruthenium catalyst; and a culture apparatus that cultures a microorganism having organic compound productivity using ammonia originating from the ammonia-containing gas obtained by using the ammonia synthesis apparatus.

Abstract: A method for producing a target substance is provided. A target substance is produced by culturing a coryneform bacterium, which is able to produce a target substance, and which also has an improved ability to assimilate xylose as a result of the introduction of a mutation into a coding region and/or an expression control region of the NCgl2954 gene on the chromosome of the bacterium. The culture is conducted in a medium containing xylose, and the target substance can be collected from the medium.

Abstract: A target substance can be produced by culturing a bacterium having an ability to produce 2-ketoglutaric acid or a derivative thereof, and an ability to produce xylonic acid from xylose, which is imparted with xylonate dehydratase activity, 2-keto-3-deoxyxylonate dehydratase activity and 2-ketoglutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity, or in which these activities are enhanced, in a medium containing xylose as a carbon source to produce and accumulate the target substance in the medium, and collecting the target substance from the medium.

Abstract: A target substance can be produced by culturing a bacterium having an ability to produce 2-ketoglutaric acid or a derivative thereof, and an ability to produce xylonic acid from xylose, which is imparted with xylonate dehydratase activity, 2-keto-3-deoxyxylonate dehydratase activity and 2-ketoglutaric semialdehyde dehydrogenase activity, or in which these activities are enhanced, in a medium containing xylose as a carbon source to produce and accumulate the target substance in the medium, and collecting the target substance from the medium.