Abstract: An electron emission device comprises an electron-supply layer made of metal or semiconductor and disposed on an ohmic electrode; an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer; and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The electron-supply layer has a rectifier function layer, whereby the electron emission device emits electrons when an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has a film thickness of 50 nm or greater. The electron-supply layer is made of a silicon wafer. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has a film thickness of 50 nm or greater. The electron-supply layer has a silicide layer. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has a film thickness of 50 nm or greater. The electron-supply layer has a silicide layer. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.

Abstract: An electron-emitting device includes an electron source layer made of a metal, a metal alloy or a semiconductor, an insulating layer formed on the electron source layer and a metal thin film electrode formed on the insulating layer. Electrons are emitted upon application of an electric field between the electron source layer and the metal thin film electrode. The insulating layer has at least one island region which constitutes an electron-emitting section in which the film thickness of the insulating layer is gradually reduced. The electron-emitting device further includes a carbon region made of carbon or a carbon compound on at least one of a top, bottom and inside of the island region.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has a film thickness of 50 nm or greater. The electron-supply layer has a film thickness of 2.5 &mgr;m or greater. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.

Abstract: An electron emission device based flat panel display apparatus is composed of a pair of a back substrate and an optically transparent front substrate opposing to each other with a vacuum space interposed therebetween, and a plurality of electron emission devices, each of which includes an electron-supply layer made of metal or semiconductor, formed on ohmic electrodes formed on a surface of the back substrate proximate to the vacuum space, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer and facing the vacuum space. The front substrate includes collector electrodes formed on its surface proximate to the vacuum space, fluorescent material layers formed on the collector electrodes, and an image display array composed of a plurality of light emitting elements corresponding to the fluorescent material layers.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has a film thickness of 50 nm or greater. The electron-supply layer is made of hydrogenated amorphous silicon. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a secondary cell having a positive electrode composed of polyaniline, wherein the positive electrode is formed by deriving an organic solution of polyaniline mixed with a diazo compound on a specific positive electrode collector. The invention also relates to a lithium ion secondary cell having a positive electrode composed of polyaniline and a diazo compound and a negative electrode composed of graphite, wherein the solvent of the electrolyte is a mixed solvent of ethylene carbonate, .gamma.-butyrolactone and 1,2-dimethoxyethane.

Abstract: An electron emission device exhibits a high electron emission efficiency. The device includes an electron-supply layer of metal or semiconductor, an insulator layer formed on the electron-supply layer, and a thin-film metal electrode formed on the insulator layer. The insulator layer has at a film thickness of 50 nm or greater and a field-stabilizing layer. When an electric field is applied between the electron-supply layer and the thin-film metal electrode, the electron emission device emits electrons.