Abstract: A processing method of a wafer includes irradiating the wafer with a laser beam in an annular pattern a predetermined distance from an outer peripheral edge of the wafer, thereby forming an annular modified layer and cracks spreading from the modified layer, before forming the modified layer, storing anticipated regions indicating regions which are part of an annular region that extends along the outer peripheral edge and is to be irradiated with the laser beam and in each of which a failure of formation of the cracks spreading from the modified layer is anticipated, and after the modified layer is formed, grinding the wafer on a side of a back surface thereof to thin the wafer to a finish thickness. In forming the modified layer, the anticipated regions are irradiated with the laser beam under irradiation conditions different from those for the annular region excluding the anticipated regions.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: A co-extruded sheet contains a polycarbonate resin, and includes a core layer formed from a foam resin, a skin layer formed from a non-foaming resin and laminated to one major surface of the core layer, and a second skin layer laminated to another major surface of the core layer. A melt volume-flow rate of the polycarbonate resin contained in the core layer (MVRc) and a melt volume-flow rate of the polycarbonate resin contained in one of the skin layers (MVRs) satisfy the following expression, (1): 1.5 ? MVRs / MVRc ? 8. .

Abstract: A co-extruded sheet reduces swelling and/or cracking of the surface occurring during thermal shaping such as vacuum forming and provides improved mechanical strength. A co-extruded sheet contains a polycarbonate resin, and includes a core layer formed from a foam resin and skin layers formed from a non-foaming resin. The skin layer is laminated to one major surface of the core layer, while the skin layer is laminated to the other major surface of the core layer. The core layer has an expansion ratio of 1.6 to 3. The co-extruded sheet has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and satisfies expression (1): 0.10? (t1+t2)/T?0.5. In expression (1), t1 indicates the thickness of the skin layer, t2 indicates the thickness of the second skin layer, and T indicates the thickness of the co-extruded sheet.

Abstract: A co-extruded sheet reduces swelling and/or cracking of the surface occurring during thermal shaping such as vacuum forming and provides improved mechanical strength. A co-extruded sheet contains a polycarbonate resin, and includes a core layer formed from a foam resin and skin layers formed from a non-foaming resin. The skin layer is laminated to one major surface of the core layer, while the skin layer is laminated to the other major surface of the core layer. The co-extruded sheet has a density of 0.4 to 0.9 g/cm3. The co-extruded sheet has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm and satisfies expression (1): 0.10?(t1+t2)/T?0.5. In expression (1), t1 indicates the thickness of the skin layer, t2 indicates the thickness of the second skin layer, and T indicates the thickness of the co-extruded sheet.

Abstract: A resin sheet is provided that provide both light-weight properties and mechanical strength using a thermoplastic resin with high deflection temperature under load. The resin sheet is formed from a thermoplastic resin, including: a core layer being a foam resin layer; and skin layers located outward of the core layer as determined along the thickness direction, the core and skin layers forming a continuity. The core layer includes a region A1 and regions A2 each located between the region A1 and the associated skin layer. The regions A2 has a lower average porosity than the region A1, said average porosity being lower than 50%. The thermoplastic resin has a deflection temperature under load not lower than 90° C. The resin sheet has a thickness of 1 to 40 mm. Each skin layer has a thickness of 5 to 50% of the thickness of the resin sheet.

Abstract: A lightweight plate that contains polycarbonate resin and achieves good strength and formability while providing reduced weight, and a lightweight panel including such a lightweight plate. A lightweight plate includes a resin foam plate having an expansion ratio of 1.2 to 4, and a resin sheet containing fiber and overlaid on a major surface of the resin foam plate. The resin foam plate includes a polycarbonate resin in not less than 50 wt. %. The polycarbonate resin has a viscosity-average molecular weight of 10000 to 100000. The lightweight plate achieves reduced weight by having an expansion ratio of 1.2 to 4, and achieves good strength and formability by including a polycarbonate resin in not less than 50 wt.% and having a polycarbonate resin of a viscosity-average molecular weight of 10000 to 100000.

Abstract: A laminate for dye-sensitized solar cell comprising a plastic film of which the thermal shrinkage in the machine direction thereof when heat-treated at 200° C. for 10 minutes is from ?1.5 to +0.5%, and a transparent conductive layer provided on the film, which comprises essentially indium oxide with zinc oxide added thereto and has a surface resistivity of at most 40 ?/square, may give a highly-durable and flexible, dye-sensitized solar cells having high photovoltaic power generation efficiency.

Abstract: There is provided a reflective sheet made of self-sustaining porous sheet which comprises inert particles and a polyolefin and which has a porosity of 30 to 95% and a reflectivity at a wavelength of 550 nm of 60 to 120%. This reflective sheet can be reduced in thickness and weight while retaining sufficient reflectivity.

Abstract: There is provided a laminated film for optical use comprising a polyester film which has a lubricity layer containing globular particles in at least one side thereof, wherein the laminated film has a thickness irregularity of 0.5 to 7.0%, and wherein the polyester film contains inert particles derived from catalysts and the amount of the inert particles determined by a dark-field microscopy satisfies the following conditions: the number of inert particles having a particle size of from 1 to 10 ?m is 200 to 20,000/mm2; and the number of inert particles having a particle size of greater than 10 ?m is 10/mm2 or less. The laminated film for optical use which is improved in uniformity, transparency, lubricity, color tone and scratch resistance, which deposits only a reduced amount of low molecular materials, and which is excellent in the adhesion to a layer adopted for various optical purposes.

Abstract: There is provided a laminated film for optical use comprising a polyester film which has a lubricity layer containing globular particles in at least one side thereof, wherein the laminated film has a thickness irregularity of 0.5 to 7.0%, and wherein the polyester film contains inert particles derived from catalysts and the amount of the inert particles determined by a dark-field microscopy satisfies the following conditions: the number of inert particles having a particle size of from 1 to 10 ?m is 200 to 20,000/mm2; and the number of inert particles having a particle size of greater than 10 ?m is 10/mm2. The laminated film for optical use which is improved in uniformity, transparency, lubricity, color tone and scratch resistance, which deposits only a reduced amount of low molecular materials, and which is excellent in the adhesion to a layer adopted for various optical purposes.

Abstract: A film for releasing a polarizing plate, which has excellent transparency, silicone adhesion and processing work efficiency, and a small orientation angle, contains little optical foreign matter and is hardly scratched. This film comprises a coextruded polyester film comprising at least two layers and a silicone adhesive layer. The coextruded polyester film has a haze value of 4% or less and an orientation angle of 10° C. or less and contains 5 or less flyspecks having a long diameter of 90 ?m or more per 0.3 m2.

Abstract: A polyester film composite material comprising a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of 5 at least 50 gm but not more than 200 gm and an easy-adhesion coating applied onto one or each surface thereof, and having a haze value of less than 2% and a total light transmissivity of at least 90%, and a light-diffusing plate comprising a light-diffusing layer 10 laminated on the surface of the easy-adhesion coating thereof. According to the present invention, a light-diffusing plate having excellent optical properties when used in a liquid crystal display and a substrate 15 therefor are provided.

Abstract: A polyester film for dry film resists, which satisfies requirements for transparency, particularly transmittance of radiation having a wavelength around 365 nm, slipperiness, winding properties, resolution and recyclability. A polyester film for dry film resists which has a thickness of 10 to 25 &mgr;m, a haze value of 3% or less and a residual polycondensation metal catalyst content of less than 150 ppm, and a metal antimony content of 15 mmol % or less based on the total of all the acid components, and a laminated polyester film comprising a lubricating layer on at least one side of the above film.

Abstract: A film for releasing a polarizing plate, which has excellent transparency, silicone adhesion and processing work efficiency, and a small orientation angle, contains little optical foreign matter and is hardly scratched.

Abstract: A polyester film composite material comprising a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of at least 50 &mgr;m but not more than 200 &mgr;m and an easy-adhesion coating applied onto one or each surface thereof, and having a haze value of less than 2% and a total light transmissivity of at least 90%, and a light-diffusing plate comprising a light-diffusing layer laminated on the surface of the easy-adhesion coating thereof.

Abstract: A polyester film for dry film resists, which satisfies requirements for transparency, particularly transmittance of radiation having a wavelength around 365 nm, slipperiness, winding properties, resolution and recyclability. A polyester film for dry film resists which has a thickness of 10 to 25 &mgr;m, a haze value of 3% or less and a residual polycondensation metal catalyst content of less than 150 ppm, and a metal antimony content of 15 mmol % or less based on the total of all the acid components, and a laminated polyester film comprising a lubricating layer on at least one side of the above film.

Abstract: A film free from the problem of the generation of abrasion powder on an inner part of a transporting system contacting with the surface of a ribbon in a heat-sensitive transfer printer in the case of using the film as a heat-sensitive transfer ribbon and giving a heat-sensitive transfer ribbon having remarkably improved windability is produced by using a biaxially oriented polyester film having a thickness of from 1.0 to 10.0 .mu.m and composed of a polyester composition containing two or more kinds of inert particles having different average particle diameters and each containing at least one kind of element selected from Al, Si, Ca and Mg, characterized in that the center-line average roughness (SRa) and the 10 points average roughness (SRz) of the film surface are 10 to 80 nm and 700 to 1,500 nm, respectively, the air-escaping rate between films is 20 to 120 mmHg/hr, and the end staggering width is 0 to 500 .mu.m when a film roll slit to 1/2 inch wide is wound at a speed of 250 m/min.

Abstract: A biaxially oriented polyester film for a magnetic recording medium, which is formed from a polyester composition comprising at least one member of fine particulate agglomerates selected from the group consisting of alumina fine particulate agglomerates and fine particulate agglomerates of a composite oxide comprising alumina and other metal oxide(s) in a proportion of 0.05 to 1% by weight of the polyester, the fine particulate agglomerates having an average particle diameter of 0.005 to 0.5 .mu.m and having been surface-treated with an alkali metal salt of a polyvalent carboxylic acid; and other inert fine particles different from the above fine particulate agglomerates and having an average particle diameter of 0.2 to 2.0 .mu.m in a proportion of 0.05 to 5% by weight of the polyester; and a biaxially oriented laminate polyester film for a magnetic recording medium comprising a polyester film layer of the above polyester composition as at least one surface layer.

Abstract: A photoresist layer supporting polyester film which is a biaxially oriented film formed from a polyester containing 0.01 to 0.1% by weight of porous silica particles that are agglomerates of primary particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 0.1 .mu.m and have an average particle diameter of 0.1 to 5 .mu.m and a pore volume of 0.5 to 2.0 ml/g, the number of the porous silica coarse particles having a major diameter of not smaller than 50 .mu.m being 10 or less per m.sup.2 ; and a photoresist film laminate comprising the above polyester film and a photoresist layer and a protective film, the photoresist layer and the protective film being laminated on one surface of the photoresist layer supporting polyester film. The above photoresist layer supporting polyester film is excellent in transparency and handling properties (slipperiness), and the above photoresist film laminate has excellent resolution and is almost free from circuit defect.