Abstract: A method for programming three page user data in a memory array of a non-volatile memory system, comprising converting each three-bit value data pattern of the user data into a representative pair of two-bit data values, simultaneously programming two single-state memory cells with a first of the pair of representative two-bit data values, wherein the two single-state memory cells are located along a first common word line of two memory cell strings, and simultaneously programming two single-state memory cells with a second of the pair of representative two-bit data values, wherein the two single-state memory cells are located along a second common word line of the two memory cell strings.

Abstract: A method for programming three page user data in a memory array of a non-volatile memory system, comprising converting each three-bit value data pattern of the user data into a representative pair of two-bit data values, simultaneously programming two single-state memory cells with a first of the pair of representative two-bit data values, wherein the two single-state memory cells are located along a first common word line of two memory cell strings, and simultaneously programming two single-state memory cells with a second of the pair of representative two-bit data values, wherein the two single-state memory cells are located along a second common word line of the two memory cell strings.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a display driver driving the display panel. The display driver is connected to a host with a clock lane and at least one a data lane. The display driver includes: an interface circuit configured to receive an external clock signal from the host via the clock lane, receive a data signal from the host via the data lane, and output reception data transmitted over the data signal; a control circuit configured to output an internal clock signal synchronous with the external clock signal; and a drive circuitry configured to drive the display panel in response to image data included in the reception data in synchronization with the internal clock signal fed from the control circuit. The control circuit is configured to feed the internal clock signal in response to a type of a reception packet included in the reception data.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel and a display driver driving the display panel. The display driver is connected to a host with a clock lane and at least one a data lane. The display driver includes: an interface circuit configured to receive an external clock signal from the host via the clock lane, receive a data signal from the host via the data lane, and output reception data transmitted over the data signal; a control circuit configured to output an internal clock signal synchronous with the external clock signal; and a drive circuitry configured to drive the display panel in response to image data included in the reception data in synchronization with the internal clock signal fed from the control circuit. The control circuit is configured to feed the internal clock signal in response to a type of a reception packet included in the reception data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charging member having an elastic layer on a surface thereof in which occurrence of compression set is reduced. The charging member includes an electro-conductive support and an elastic layer provided on the support as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer is a rubber layer made of a crosslinked product of a rubber mixture including acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and polybutadiene, the polybutadiene includes 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene, and the elastic layer is formed by irradiating a surface of the rubber layer with electron rays.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charging member which has a low compression set and which can suppress the generation of image defects. A layer of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an unvulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and N,N?-methylenebis(1,4-phenylene)dimaleimide is vulcanized.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can not easily cause faulty cleaning on a photosensitive member while having a flexibility high enough to form a nip between it and the photosensitive member in a sufficient width. The charging member has an electro-conductive support and an elastic layer that is a surface layer, which elastic layer has at its surface a region having been cured by irradiation with electron rays, where this region supports spherical polyethylene particles in such a state that the spherical polyethylene particles are exposed to the surface of the elastic layer, thereby making the surface roughened.

Abstract: Provided is a charging member capable of suppressing occurrence of compression set while having flexibility enough to ensure a nip with a photosensitive member. The charging member comprises a support and an elastic layer, wherein the elastic layer has an MD-1 hardness of from 55 to 85° at the surface thereof, and has a universal hardness of 2.0 to 20.0 N/mm2 at an indentation depth of 5 ?m from the surface thereof.

Abstract: A charging member is provided which has a low electrical resistance, has less non-uniformity or environmental dependence of the electrical resistance, may less undergo electrification deterioration even when used for a long period of time, and is free of any occurrence of faulty images such as horizontal lines attributable to charging. The charging member is formed of a support with a good electrical conductivity and an elastic layer consisting of at least one layer on the support, and the elastic layer is formed of a semiconductive vulcanized rubber in which carbon black has been dispersed as conductive particles in a binder polymer containing a polymer having a butadiene skeleton, having been modified at a molecular terminal thereof with a specific atomic group.

Abstract: Provided is a charging member capable of suppressing occurrence of compression set while having flexibility enough to ensure a nip with a photosensitive member. The charging member comprises a support and an elastic layer, wherein the elastic layer has an MD-1 hardness of from 55 to 85° at the surface thereof, and has a universal hardness of 2.0 to 20.0 N/mm2 at an indentation depth of 5 ?m from the surface thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charging member which has a low compression set and which can suppress the generation of image defects. A layer of an unvulcanized rubber composition including an unvulcanized acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and N,N?-methylenebis(1,4-phenylene)dimaleimide is vulcanized.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography has an electrically conductive support and an elastic layer as a surface layer. The elastic layer holds spherical particles each having a plane on their peripheral surfaces, in such a way that part or the whole of the plane comes exposed to the surface of the elastic layer, and the plane of each of the spherical particles standing exposed to the surface of the elastic layer and a plane that is i) orthogonal to a straight line passing through an axis of a section orthogonal to an axis of the roller for electrophotography and being directed toward the peripheral surface of the roller for electrophotography and is ii) tangential to the peripheral surface of the roller for electrophotography form an acute internal angle.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can have a uniform electrical resistance, can not easily change in electrical resistance even by any long-term continuous electrification and, as a result thereof, may cause less change in its charging performance with time. A charging member having a conductive support and an elastic-material layer; the elastic-material layer comprising a vulcanized rubber; the vulcanized rubber being a vulcanized product of a composition which comprises i) a binder polymer comprising a polymer having a butadiene skeleton and ii) carbon black as electrically conductive particles; and the polymer having a butadiene skeleton has a molecular terminal modified with an atomic group having a specific structure.

Abstract: An electrophotographic member including an electrically conductive substrate and an electrically conductive resin layer corresponding to a surface layer. The resin layer includes electrically conductive particles and a binder resin.

Abstract: An electrophotographic member including an electrically conductive substrate and an electrically conductive resin layer corresponding to a surface layer. The resin layer includes electrically conductive particles and a binder resin.

Abstract: The conductive member has a conductive support and a conductive elastic layer. The elastic layer is a mixture containing an electron conductive agent and a binder polymer, or a cured product thereof, and the electron conductive agent contains a carbon black satisfying the following characteristics: (i) an average primary particle diameter is 20 nm or more and 30 nm or less; (ii) a DBP oil absorption is 40 ml/100 g or more and 70 ml/100 g or less, and the total amount of CO and CO2 generated by temperature programmed desorption/mass spectrometry is 0.30 mass % or more and 0.80 mass % or less with reference to the carbon black; and (iii) the amount of SO2 generated by the temperature programmed desorption/mass spectrometry is 0.05 mass % or more with reference to the carbon black.

Abstract: The present invention provides a charging member having an elastic layer on a surface thereof in which occurrence of compression set is reduced. The charging member includes an electro-conductive support and an elastic layer provided on the support as a surface layer, wherein the elastic layer is a rubber layer made of a crosslinked product of a rubber mixture including acrylonitrile butadiene rubber and polybutadiene, the polybutadiene includes 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene, and the elastic layer is formed by irradiating a surface of the rubber layer with electron rays.

Abstract: A roller for electrophotography is provided which has an electrically conductive support and an elastic layer as a surface layer, where the elastic layer holds spherical particles each having a plane on their peripheral surfaces, in such a way that part or the whole of the plane comes exposed to the surface of the elastic layer, and the plane of each of the spherical particles standing exposed to the surface of the elastic layer and a plane that is i) orthogonal to a straight line passing through an axis of a section orthogonal to an axis of the roller for electrophotography and being directed toward the peripheral surface of the roller for electrophotography and is ii) tangential to the peripheral surface of the roller for electrophotography forms an acute internal angle.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can not easily cause faulty cleaning on a photosensitive member while having a flexibility high enough to form a nip between it and the photosensitive member in a sufficient width. The charging member has an electro-conductive support and an elastic layer that is a surface layer, which elastic layer has at its surface a region having been cured by irradiation with electron rays, where this region supports spherical polyethylene particles in such a state that the spherical polyethylene particles are exposed to the surface of the elastic layer, thereby making the surface roughened.

Abstract: To provide a charging member that can not easily cause faulty cleaning. A charging member having a conductive support and an elastic layer that is a surface layer; the elastic layer having on its surface a region having been cured by irradiation with electron rays, where the region having been cured supports at least one type of spherical particles of spherical silica particles, spherical alumina particles and spherical zirconia particles in such a state that the spherical particles are exposed at least in part to the surface of the elastic layer so as to make the surface roughened.