Abstract: A light emitting device for a leaning vehicle, including a pair of cornering lamps, including a first cornering lamp and a second cornering lamp, that emit light to form a single left-front light emission area and a single right-front light emission area, and a control device that controls light emission by the pair of cornering lamps based on a lean angle of the vehicle body. The control device is configured to cause a first quantity of light and a second quantity of light, which are respectively a quality of light outputted from the at least one light source included in the first cornering lamp and in the second cornering lamp, respectively, to vary in accordance with the lean angle of the vehicle body, such that each of the single left-front light emission area and the single right-front light emission area becomes larger as the lean angle of the vehicle body increases.

Abstract: A light emitting device for a leaning vehicle, including a pair of cornering lamps, including a first cornering lamp and a second cornering lamp, that emit light to form a single left-front light emission area and a single right-front light emission area, and a control device that controls light emission by the pair of cornering lamps based on a lean angle of the vehicle body. The control device is configured to cause a first quantity of light and a second quantity of light, which are respectively a quality of light outputted from the at least one light source included in the first cornering lamp and in the second cornering lamp, respectively, to vary in accordance with the lean angle of the vehicle body, such that each of the single left-front light emission area and the single right-front light emission area becomes larger as the lean angle of the vehicle body increases.

Abstract: A straddle vehicle includes a front fork unit provided to be inclined rearwardly, a front cover provided forwardly of the front fork unit, and having a rear cover member, and a front cover member separately provided from the front cover member and positioned forwardly of the rear cover member, a headlamp provided at the front cover, a holder attached to the rear cover member and holds the headlamp, and a driver that drives the headlamp. The driver stored in the front cover such that the driver is located at a position farther upward than the headlamp, farther rearward than a first virtual line extending in a up-and-down direction through a rear end of the headlamp in a front-to-rear direction of the vehicle, and farther rearward than a second virtual line extending in parallel with an axis of the front fork unit in the side view of the vehicle.

Abstract: A headlamp device for use in a leaning vehicle, including at least one headlamp that emits light in a front direction, and a pair of cornering lamps that emit light to form left-front and right-front light emission areas. Each of the at least one headlamp includes at least one headlamp light source, and a headlamp housing that stores the at least one headlamp light source and that is arranged inside the front cover. Each cornering lamp includes at least one cornering lamp light source, a light travel direction changing member having a light travel direction changing surface that changes a travel direction of light outputted from the at least one cornering lamp light source, and a cornering lamp housing that stores therein the at least one cornering lamp light source and the light travel direction changing member, and that is arranged inside the front cover. The cornering lamp housing and the headlamp housing are separate from each other.

Abstract: A light emitting device for a leaning vehicle, including a pair of cornering lamps, including a first cornering lamp and a second cornering lamp, that emit light to form a single left-front light emission area and a single right-front light emission area, and a control device that controls light emission by the pair of cornering lamps based on a lean angle of the vehicle body. The control device is configured to cause a first quantity of light and a second quantity of light, which are respectively a quality of light outputted from the at least one light source included in the first cornering lamp and in the second cornering lamp, respectively, to vary in accordance with the lean angle of the vehicle body, such that each of the single left-front light emission area and the single right-front light emission area becomes larger as the lean angle of the vehicle body increases.

Abstract: A headlamp device for use in a leaning vehicle, including at least one headlamp that emits light in a front direction, and a pair of cornering lamps that emit light to form left-front and right-front light emission areas. Each of the at least one headlamp includes at least one headlamp light source, and a headlamp housing that stores the at least one headlamp light source and that is arranged inside the front cover. Each cornering lamp includes at least one cornering lamp light source, a light travel direction changing member having a light travel direction changing surface that changes a travel direction of light outputted from the at least one cornering lamp light source, and a cornering lamp housing that stores therein the at least one cornering lamp light source and the light travel direction changing member, and that is arranged inside the front cover. The cornering lamp housing and the headlamp housing are separate from each other.

Abstract: A straddle vehicle includes a front fork unit provided to be inclined rearwardly, a front cover provided forwardly of the front fork unit, and having a rear cover member, and a front cover member separately provided from the front cover member and positioned forwardly of the rear cover member, a headlamp provided at the front cover, a holder attached to the rear cover member and holds the headlamp, and a driver that drives the headlamp. The driver stored in the front cover such that the driver is located at a position farther upward than the headlamp, farther rearward than a first virtual line extending in a up-and-down direction through a rear end of the headlamp in a front-to-rear direction of the vehicle, and farther rearward than a second virtual line extending in parallel with an axis of the front fork unit in the side view of the vehicle.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, an optical element is provided with a paraelectric crystal, first and second pressers between which the paraelectric crystal is sandwiched, and fasteners. The paraelectric crystal has a periodic structure in which polarities are periodically inverted along a polarity period direction. The fasteners fix the first and second pressers to each other so that a predetermined pressure is applied in a direction intersecting with the polarity period direction, to the paraelectric crystal through the first and second pressers.

Abstract: A laser processing method which can prevent an object to be processed from being cut along a line to cut from a modified region acting as a cutting start point when separating a suction table and a holding member from each other is provided. An expandable tape 23 holding an object to be processed 1 while being stuck to a frame 51 is secured by suction onto a suction table 52 of a vacuum chuck with a porous sheet 53 interposed therebetween. Since the sheet 53 has a Young's modulus lower than that of the table 52, the tape 23 is restrained from biting into fine pores of the sheet 53. As a consequence, even when the table 52 and tape 23 are separated from each other by releasing the suction securing after forming a modified region 7, no strong bending stress acts on the object 1. This can prevent the object 1 from being cut along a line to cut from the modified region 7 acting as a cutting start point when separating the table 52 and tape 23 from each other.

Abstract: An object to be processed 1 comprising a substrate 4 and a plurality of functional devices 15 formed on a front face 3 of the substrate 4 is irradiated with laser light L while locating a converging point P within the substrate 4, so as to form at least one row of a divided modified region 72, at least one row of a quality modified region 71 positioned between the divided modified region 72 and the front face 3 of the substrate 4, and at least one row of an HC modified region 73 positioned between the divided modified region 72 and a rear face 21 of the substrate 4 for one line to cut 5. Here, in a direction along the line to cut, a forming density of the divided modified region 72 is made lower than that of the quality modified region 71 and that of the HC modified region 73.

Abstract: A laser processing method which can accurately cut an object to be processed along a line to cut is provided. A modified region 7 formed by multiphoton absorption forms a cutting start region 8 within an object to be processed 1 along a line to cut 5. Thereafter, the object 1 is irradiated with laser light L2 absorbable by the object 1 along the line to cut 5, so as to generate fractures 24 from the cutting start region 8 acting as a start point, whereby the object 1 can accurately be cut along the line to cut 5. Expanding an expandable film 19 having the object 1 secured thereto separates individual chips 25 from each other, which can further improve the reliability in cutting the object 1 along the line to cut 5.

Abstract: A laser processing method for preventing particles from occurring from cut sections of chips obtained by cutting a silicon wafer is provided. An irradiation condition of laser light L for forming modified regions 77 to 712 is made different from an irradiation condition of laser light L for forming the modified regions 713 to 719 such as to correct the spherical aberration of laser light L in areas where the depth from the front face 3 of a silicon wafer 11 is 335 ?m to 525 ?m. Therefore, even when the silicon wafer 11 and a functional device layer 16 are cut into semiconductor chips from modified regions 71 to 719 acting as a cutting start point, twist hackles do not appear remarkably in the areas where the depth is 335 ?m to 525 ?m, whereby particles are hard to occur.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus comprises a converging lens 31 for converging processing laser light and rangefinding laser light L2 toward a wafer 1, an actuator for actuating the lens 31, a shaping optical system 49 for adding astigmatism to reflected light L3 of the rangefinding laser light, a quadrant photodiode 42 for receiving the reflected light L3 and outputting voltage values corresponding to its light quantities, and a controller for regulating the actuator, and positions a converging point P2 of the rangefinding laser light L2 between a focal point P0 of the lens and the lens 31, so as to make it possible to form a modified region at a position deeper from the front face 3, thereby suppressing adverse effects due to the reflected light L3. The control is based on an arithmetic value subjected to a division by a sum of the voltage values, so as to prevent the arithmetic value from being changed by the quantity of reflected light.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element is provided as one including a monocrystalline nonlinear optical crystal. The nonlinear optical crystal has: a plurality of first regions having a polarity direction along a predetermined direction; a plurality of second regions having a polarity direction opposite to the predetermined direction; an entrance face into which a fundamental incident wave having a wavelength ? and a frequency ? is incident in a direction substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction; and an exit face from which a second harmonic with a frequency 2? generated in the crystal emerges. The plurality of first and second regions are formed as alternately arranged in a period substantially equal to d expressed by a predetermined expression, between the entrance face and the exit face.

Abstract: An object to be processed 1 comprising a substrate 4 and a plurality of functional devices 15 formed on a front face 3 of the substrate 4 is irradiated with laser light L while locating a converging point P within the substrate 4, so as to form at least one row of a divided modified region 72, at least one row of a quality modified region 71 positioned between the divided modified region 72 and the front face 3 of the substrate 4, and at least one row of an HC modified region 73 positioned between the divided modified region 72 and a rear face 21 of the substrate 4 for one line to cut 5. Here, in a direction along the line to cut, a forming density of the divided modified region 72 is made lower than that of the quality modified region 71 and that of the HC modified region 73.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element is provided as one including a monocrystalline nonlinear optical crystal. The nonlinear optical crystal has: a plurality of first regions having a polarity direction along a predetermined direction; a plurality of second regions having a polarity direction opposite to the predetermined direction; an entrance face into which a fundamental incident wave having a wavelength ? and a frequency ? is incident in a direction substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction; and an exit face from which a second harmonic with a frequency 2? generated in the crystal emerges. The plurality of first and second regions are formed as alternately arranged in a period substantially equal to d expressed by a predetermined expression, between the entrance face and the exit face.

Abstract: An illumination optical system illuminates an irradiated surface with light supplied from a light source. The illumination optical system includes a diffractive optical element disposed in an optical path of linearly polarized light supplied from the light source. The diffractive optical element forms a multipole illumination field. including a plurality of illumination fields. The illumination optical system also includes an optical integrator that forms a multipole light source including a plurality of planar light sources with light that has passed through the multipole illumination field. The illumination optical system also includes a polarization optical member disposed in an illumination optical path and that sets a polarization direction of light that has passed through the multipole light source to a predetermined polarization direction.

Abstract: A wavelength conversion element is provided as one including a monocrystalline nonlinear optical crystal. The nonlinear optical crystal has: a plurality of first regions having a polarity direction along a predetermined direction; a plurality of second regions having a polarity direction opposite to the predetermined direction; an entrance face into which a fundamental incident wave having a wavelength ? and a frequency ? is incident in a direction substantially perpendicular to the predetermined direction; and an exit face from which a second harmonic with a frequency 2? generated in the crystal emerges. The plurality of first and second regions are formed as alternately arranged in a period substantially equal to d expressed by a predetermined expression, between the entrance face and the exit face.

Abstract: A laser processing method for preventing particles from occurring from cut sections of chips obtained by cutting a silicon wafer is provided. An irradiation condition of laser light L for forming modified regions 77 to 712 is made different from an irradiation condition of laser light L for forming the modified regions 713 to 719 such as to correct the spherical aberration of laser light L in areas where the depth from the front face 3 of a silicon wafer 11 is 335 ?m to 525 ?m. Therefore, even when the silicon wafer 11 and a functional device layer 16 are cut into semiconductor chips from modified regions 71 to 719 acting as a cutting start point, twist hackles do not appear remarkably in the areas where the depth is 335 ?m to 525 ?m, whereby particles are hard to occur.

Abstract: A laser processing method which can accurately cut an object to be processed along a line to cut is provided. A modified region 7 formed by multiphoton absorption forms a cutting start region 8 within an object to be processed 1 along a line 5 along which the object is intended to be cut. Thereafter, the object 1 is irradiated with laser light L2 transmittable through an unmodified region of the object 1, so as to generate fractures 24 from the cutting start region 8 acting as a start point, whereby the object 1 can accurately be cut along the line 5 along which the object is intended to be cut. Expanding an expandable film 19 having the object 1 secured thereto separates individual chips 25 from each other, which can further improve the reliability in cutting the object 1 along the line 5 along which the object is intended to be cut.