Abstract: A method includes taking backscattering light of a first wavelength in a first direction of a first transmission line and coupling the same so that the light may travel in a second direction of a second transmission line; taking a second wavelength in the first direction of the first transmission line and coupling the same so that the second wavelength may travel in the first direction of the second transmission line; taking backscattering light of the first wavelength in the second direction of the second transmission line and coupling the same so that the backscattering light may travel in the first direction of the first transmission line; taking the second wavelength in the second direction of the second transmission line and coupling the same so that the second wavelength may travel in the second direction of the first transmission line.

Abstract: An optical transmission apparatus includes a return line for connecting a first transmission line and a second transmission line opposed to the first transmission line in order to make it possible to commonly use a transmitter-receiver or a repeater, for example, between a trunk line and a branch line and prevent a situation that the power of branched signal lights increases excessively. The optical transmission apparatus is configured so that dummy lights inputted together with signal lights to be added to signal lights transmitted through the first transmission line are sent to the second transmission line through the return line and are outputted together with signal lights to be dropped from the second transmission line.

Abstract: A compatible type tape cartridge capable of recording and reading out large and small tape cartridges C1 and C2 with different widths in common with the same tape driver, which comprise a pair of right and left hubs 3 for winding a tape 2 which is winded off from one hub 3 and is winded around the other hub 3 via tape guides 4. A passage for light injection 15 and a passage for light ejecting 16 of the tape end detection light are opened respectively on a side wall 14 of a case of a main body 1 facing a tape traveling path between the tape guide 4 and the hub 3, and an optical path inverted body 17 facing a pair of passages 15 and 16 across the tape traveling path is arranged in the case of the main body 1.

Abstract: To provide a silicone rubber composition for wiper blades, which, due excellent moldability and ability to closely repeat the shape of the die during extrusion, is suitable for forming wiper blades of complicated shapes; to provide a method of manufacturing the aforementioned composition. A silicone rubber composition for a wiper blade comprising (A), a polydiorganosiloxane, (B) a finely divided, reinforcing silica filler, (C) orthoboric acid or inetaboric acid, (D) a powdered calcium carbonate, (E) an organic peroxide curing agent, and an additive for improving water-repellent properties of a wiper blade made from said composition, comprising one or both of (F) a polyorganosiloxane having a viscosity of 1 to 10000 mPa·s and containing in one molecule at least two silicon-bonded hydrogen atoms and (G) a polydiorganosiloxane having a viscosity of 1 to 10000 mPa·s; a method of manufacturing the aforementioned composition.

Abstract: An optical transmitter transmits a light which alternately exhibits a spectrum line width wider than a Brillouin bandwidth and a spectrum line width narrower than the Brillouin bandwidth. The transmitted light is provided to an optical transmission line so that the transmitted light travels in the transmission line and thereby causes returning light to be generated in the transmission line. An optical detecting section detects the returning light. Disconnection of the transmission line is detected from the detected returning light.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method to identify a computer system which can be identified even if an identifier acquired from software or hardware of the system changes. There are provided with an identifier registration portion and an identification judgement portion. The identifier registration portion stores identifiers for identifying identification-target computer systems respectively. The identification judgement portion refers to the identifiers registered in the identifier registration portion and an identifier acquired from an identification-target computer system, and identifies the identification-target computer system.

Abstract: During a time interval when a supervisory signal is not transmitted, an idle signal which is different in frequency from but substantially equal in maximum power to the supervisory signal is output. The duty ratio of the idle signal is set so that the supervisory signal and the idle signal become substantially equal to each other in average power. A transmitter is equipped with a switcher for switching between the supervisory signal and the idle signal for selective application to a laser diode. The switcher is controlled by a command signal for supervisory and control. The laser diode is driven by an output of the switcher to transmit the supervisory signal and the idle signal.

Abstract: A silicone rubber base compound for electrical wire coating such that when it is extruded using an extruding machine having a variable screw with an L/D=10 and a die with a diameter of 1 mm attached thereto at a barrel and head temperature of 70° C., the per-minute extruder output rate at a screw rotation speed of 100 rpm is not less than 1.2 times the extruder output rate at a screw rotation speed of 50 rpm, a silicone rubber composition for electrical wire coating obtained by compounding diacyl organic peroxide consisting of carbon atoms, hydrogen atoms, and oxygen atoms with the silicone rubber base compound for electrical wire coating, and a process for the production of silicone rubber coated electrical wire using the silicone rubber composition for electrical wire coating.

Abstract: The flame-retardant silicone rubber composition for coating electrical wire and cable that comprises(A) polyorganosiloxane with the average compositional formula R.sub.a SiO.sub.(4-a)/2 in which R represents substituted and unsubstituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups and a is a number from 1.8 to 2.3;(B) microparticulate silica having a mean primary particle diameter of at least 18 nm and a specific surface area no greater than 95 m.sup.2 /g;(C) platinum or a platinum compound;(D) triazole compound; and(E) methyl-substituted benzoyl peroxide.

Abstract: A silicone rubber composition having improved mold release properties comprising (A) silicone rubber base compound, (B) organopolysiloxane having no aliphatic unsaturated groups, (C) higher fatty acid or higher fatty acid metal salt, (D) water, and (E) curing agent.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are provided for the detection of preneoplastic antigen (microsomal epoxide hydrolase) in serum. The presence of PNA is associated with abnormal liver conditions, including neoplastic and preneoplastic lesions and hepatocellular carcinoma.