Abstract: Analytical standards can allow one to detect and/or measure sampling, processing, and/or amplification errors in a sample that includes a plurality of polynucleotide molecules. The analytical standards can provide an internal control to detect errors in the representation of the original sample reflected in data obtained after manipulating and/or processing of sample molecules.

Abstract: Analytical standards can allow one to detect and/or measure sampling, processing, and/or amplification errors in a sample that includes a plurality of polynucleotide molecules. The analytical standards can provide an internal control to detect errors in the representation of the original sample reflected in data obtained after manipulating and/or processing of sample molecules.

Abstract: Analytical standards can allow one to detect and/or measure sampling, processing, and/or amplification errors in a sample that includes a plurality of polynucleotide molecules. The analytical standards can provide an internal control to detect errors in the representation of the original sample reflected in data obtained after manipulating and/or processing of sample molecules.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing power transmission components of a locked gear train having two helical gears coupled on a first shaft meshed with two helical pinions coupled on a second shaft, with the two gears arranged to axially translate (while rotating) with respect to the two pinions when a linear force is applied to a thrust bearing at an end of the first shaft. The axial displacement of the two gears causes torsional displacements of the meshed gear and shaft elements, creating a dynamic torque within the locked train assembly. Under rotation, this dynamic torque subjects the components within the locked gear train to a much higher power level for testing.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits for reducing a microbial population on a surface are provided. The microbial populations which can be treated using the methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention include prokaryotic, viral, and protozoan populations. The methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention have a number of uses in the fields of food production and medicine.

Abstract: A multiple application switching platform includes a switch having a distributed open architecture and incorporating redundancy for enhanced fault tolerance. The switch includes at least one shelf having a midplane (1) containing message buses and TDM data buses (A and B). Shelves may be interconnected to form a group wherein various circuit cards are connected to each shelf midplane. The circuit cards (4, 5 and 6) perform call processing wherein each card within a group accessing a data bus is pre-assigned a unique set of time slots for each data bus within which that card may transmit onto that data bus. Each circuit card further includes an identification number that enables each card an opportunity to transmit onto a message bus (A and B). The circuit cards (4, 5 and 6) include line or trunk switch cards that function as an independent switch to interface line or trunks to a shelf midplane.

Abstract: Methods, compositions, and kits for reducing a microbial population on a surface are provided. The microbial populations which can be treated using the methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention include prokaryotic, viral, and protozoan populations. The methods, compositions, and kits of the present invention have a number of uses in the fields of food production and medicine.

Abstract: Methods for identifying genes and gene products involved in RNA modification, and methods for screening test compounds or antibiotics for activity are provided. Additionally, the gene products identified in the methods, the genes that encode the gene products, modified sentinel molecules produced by the gene products, and compounds or antibiotics which inhibit the modification process are provided.

Abstract: An air-in-line sensor is provided comprising an adapter for insertion in the fluid line and a sensor housing. The adapter is semi-compliant and includes convex-shaped acoustic coupling surfaces for engaging the straight and rigid transducer sensing walls of the housing. The convex surfaces of the adapter have a larger diameter than the distance between the housing sensing walls and an interference fit results. Due to this interference fit, the shape of the coupling surfaces, the varying thicknesses of the adapter walls and the difference in compliance of the materials of the adapter and the housing, a more uniform contact pressure profile is provided. The upper part of each sensing channel wall in the housing includes a ledge which wipes contaminants from the coupling surfaces of the adapter as it is inserted into the sensor channel of the housing.

Abstract: A biomedical thermometer for taking the temperature of a person at various body sites, including the ear, includes a radiation detector, a temperature detector for measuring the temperature of the radiation detector, and a heating and cooling unit for changing the temperature of the radiation detector. The system also includes a temperature processor for generating an output proportional to the absolute temperature of the radiation detector, responsive to signals generated by the radiation detector and the temperature detector.