Abstract: A razor blade including a substrate with a coating joined to the substrate defining a coated blade. The coated blade including a cutting edge being defined by a blade tip having a tip radius of from 50 to 350 angstroms. The coated blade having a pair of first facets extending from the blade tip and a pair of second facets extending from the respective first facets, a facet angle from 90° to 135°, a facet width from 0.38 micrometers to 0.65 micrometers a wedge angle from 5° to 30°, and a thickness of between 0.8 and 1.5 micrometers measured at a distance of 1 micrometer from the blade tip.

Abstract: A razor blade including a substrate with a coating joined to the substrate defining a coated blade. The coated blade including a cutting edge being defined by a blade tip having a tip radius of from 50 to 350 angstroms. The coated blade having a pair of first facets extending from the blade tip and a pair of second facets extending from the respective first facets, a facet angle from 90° to 135°, a facet width from 0.38 micrometers to 0.65 micrometers a wedge angle from 5° to 30°, and a thickness of between 0.8 and 1.5 micrometers measured at a distance of 1 micrometer from the blade tip.

Abstract: Colored razor blades are provided. Methods for manufacturing such blades are also provided, including methods involving depositing an oxide coating prior to heat treatment of the blade material and heat treating under conditions selected to enhance the color of the coating.

Abstract: Colored razor blades are provided. Methods for manufacturing such blades are also provided, including methods involving depositing an oxide coating prior to heat treatment of the blade material and heat treating under conditions selected to enhance the color of the coating.

Abstract: Colored razor blades are provided. Methods for manufacturing such blades are also provided, including methods involving subjecting a blade material to a hardening process; and, during the hardening process, oxidizing the blade material to form an oxide layer on the blade material. The method also includes quenching the blade material, after the oxidizing step, to initiate martensitic transformation of the blade material, and forming the hardened blade material into a razor blade, the oxide layer providing the razor blade with a colored surface.

Abstract: Micromechanical devices are formed on a substrate using a sacrificial layer deep X-ray lithography process to produce a rotating microrotor which is driven magnetically. The rotor typically has a diameter of a few hundred microns or less and is formed as a free structure which is assembled onto a hub formed on a substrate. Stator pole pieces are formed on the substrate of a ferromagnetic material surrounding the rotor, and are also preferably formed by a deep X-ray lithography process followed by electroplating of a ferromagnetic material such as nickel. The stator pole pieces are supplied with magnetic flux, such as from a current flowing through a conductor surrounding the magnetic pole pieces which is integrated with the pole pieces on the substrate. Separate electromagnets can also be utilized to provide the magnetic flux to the pole pieces to provide a rotating magnetic field in the region of the rotor to drive the rotor.

Abstract: Micromechanical devices are formed on a substrate using a sacrificial layer deep X-ray lithography process to produce a rotating microrotor which is driven magnetically. The rotor typically has a diameter of a few hundred microns or less and is formed as a free structure which is assembled onto a hub formed on a substrate. Stator pole pieces are formed on the substrate of a ferromagnetic material surrounding the rotor, and are alThis invention was made with U.S. government support awarded by the National Science Foundationn (NSF), Grant #EET-88-15285. The U.S. government has certain rights in this invention.