Abstract: An installation ring, for a pressurized fluid buffer device such as a shock absorber or the like is formed of a single piece of base material having a uniform thickness. The ring may be initially formed as a flat article having surface contours formed by pressing or the like to provide a central longitudinally extending raised area and raised longitudinal edges. When the flat article is subject to bending processing into an annular shape for installation around an eye bush, opposed edges thereof meet at a position which is selected as an attachment position for a base portion of the buffer device. Thus, attachment of end portions of the installation ring and attachment of the buffer device thereto mat be accomplished in a single step.

Abstract: A semiconductor type acceleration sensor comprises a flexible printed circuit board on which a semiconductor type detector chip section is mounted. The detector chip is formed with openings therethrough overlapping an opening formed in a rear-side base plate of the flexible printed circuit board such that the detector chip section is supported only by a bridge portion. In case of excess input in an acceleration direction, elastic deformation of the bridge portion and a bending portion of the flexible printed circuit board provide absorption of the excess input for protecting the detector chip section.

Abstract: A semiconductor type acceleration sensor comprises a flexible printed circuit board on which a semiconductor type detector chip section is mounted The detector chip is formed with openings therethrough overlapping an opening formed in a rear-side base plate of the flexible printed circuit board such that the detector chip section is supported only by a bridge portion. In case of excess input in an acceleration direction, elastic deformation of the bridge portion and a bending portion of the flexible printed circuit board provide absorption of tile excess input for protecting the detector chip section.

Abstract: A semiconductor type acceleration sensor comprises a flexible printed circuit board on which a semiconductor type detector chip section is mounted. The detector chip is formed with openings therethrough overlapping an opening formed in a rear-side base plate of the flexible printed circuit board such that the detector chip section is supported only by a bridge portion. In case of excess input in an acceleration direction, elastic deformation of the bridge portion and a bending portion of the flexible printed circuit board provide absorption of the excess input for protecting the detector chip section.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling a damper of vehicular suspension in which when the vehicle runs on a paved road and a frequency at which the detected sprung mass acceleration exceeds a dead zone is below a set value, the damping force characteristic is optimally controlled in a predetermined variable range. When the vehicle runs on a rough road and a frequency at which the detected acceleration exceeds the dead zone is above the set value, a minimum damping force limit of the predetermined variable range of the damping force characteristic is shifted toward a relatively high damping force side, The dead zone is set with an average value of the acceleration of sprung mass as a center. Hence, when the vehicle turns and zigzags, the vehicular body is inclined so that an absolute value of the sprung mass acceleration is largely changed. In this case, when an average value of the acceleration of the sprung mass is accordingly changed and the dead zone is accordingly shifted.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper is disclosed which has a contraction phase one-way passage way which allows a flow of damping fluid in contraction phase, an extension phase one-way passage way which allows a flow of damping fluid in extension phase, and a valve element in the form of a hollow control rod. The valve element has a neutral position in which both of the contraction phase and extension phase one-way passage ways are open, a first displaced position in which the extension phase one-way passage way is restricted with the contraction phase one-way passage way left open, and a second displaced position in which the contraction phase one-way passage way is restricted with said extension phase one-way passage way left open.

Abstract: A hydraulic damper comprises a reciprocal piston in a cylinder containing a hydraulic fluid, a piston rod including a reduced diameter valve sleeve fixedly received in a through bore of the piston, and a valve element disposed in the valve sleeve for relative movement to the valve sleeve between a plurality of positions. The relative position of the valve element to the valve sleeve is adjustable via a control rod from the outside, such as by an actuator. The valve sleeve has an inlet port communicating with a first chamber on one side of the piston and an outlet port. The valve element has a transfer groove. The valve element covers the inlet port and is moveable to uncover the inlet port to allow fluid communication between the inlet port and the transfer groove that in turn communicates with the outlet port. A first increased damping force generating valve and a second decreased damping force generating valve are mounted to the piston.