Abstract: A novel catalyst capable of selectively catalyzing conversion from glucose to fructose in water or in an aqueous solution is provided. The catalyst is a solid catalyst for a hydride isomerization reaction from glucose to fructose performed in water or in an aqueous solution, comprising a group 13 element oxide whose surface has been subjected to a phosphoric acid treatment.

Abstract: A novel catalyst capable of selectively catalyzing conversion from glucose to fructose in water or in an aqueous solution is provided. The catalyst is a solid catalyst for a hydride isomerization reaction from glucose to fructose performed in water or in an aqueous solution, comprising a group 13 element oxide whose surface has been subjected to a phosphoric acid treatment.

Abstract: A method of transferring electrons with a light energy conversion material is described. The material includes a silica porous material having silicon atoms chemically bonded with an organic group that is an electron donor in a skeleton thereof, and an electron acceptor disposed in at least one portion among a pore, the skeleton and the outer circumference of the porous material. The method includes absorbing light energy by the organic group and transferring electrons excited by the light energy to the electron acceptor.

Abstract: A light energy conversion material that includes a porous material including an electron donor in a skeleton thereof; and an electron acceptor disposed in at least one portion among a pore, the skeleton and the outer circumference of the porous material.

Abstract: A method of transferring electrons with a light energy conversion material is described. The material includes a silica porous material having silicon atoms chemically bonded with an organic group that is an electron donor in a skeleton thereof, and an electron acceptor disposed in at least one portion among a pore, the skeleton and the outer circumference of the porous material. The method includes absorbing light energy by the organic group and transferring electrons excited by the light energy to the electron acceptor.

Abstract: A lapping machine that polishes a head block in which plural head devices are connected in a row includes a jig that has a bottom surface that opposes to a grinding plane, and fixes the head block onto the bottom surface, a pressure mechanism that applies a pressure to the head block against the grinding plane, a detector that is connected to the head block and detects a grinding amount of the head block, and a dummy block fixed onto the bottom surface adjacent to the head block.

Abstract: A light energy conversion material, comprising: a porous material including an electron donor in a skeleton thereof; and an electron acceptor disposed in at least one portion among a pore, the skeleton and the outer circumference of the porous material.

Abstract: A lapping machine that polishes a head block in which plural head devices are connected in a row includes a jig that has a bottom surface that opposes to a grinding plane, and fixes the head block onto the bottom surface, a pressure mechanism that applies a pressure to the head block against the grinding plane, a detector that is connected to the head block and detects a grinding amount of the head block, and a dummy block fixed onto the bottom surface adjacent to the head block.

Abstract: In a satellite communication system in which a satellite repeater and a transmission channel are shared between a plurality of earth stations for satellite communication, each of the earth stations stops the initiation of the transmission of the transmission signal upon detection of a reception signal via a reception channel corresponding to a transmission channel of the station. On the other hand, if the reception signal is detected during the transmission of the transmission signal, the earth station continues the transmission of the transmission signal until a predetermined transmission of the transmission signal is completed.