Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of the general formula (I) in which the residues R1 to R7 have the meanings given in the application as well as methods for their preparation.

Abstract: Subjects of the inventions are methods for enzymatic DNA labeling. Nucleotides modified to carry functional or detectable groups are incorporated into newly synthesized DNA by DNA polymerases. DNA is synthesized from modified nuleoside triphosphates by DNA polymerases such that the newly synthesized DNA consists exclusively of modified nucleotides or contains modified nucleotides in high density.

Abstract: Nucleoside-5′-triphosphates and phosphoramidites which carry a residue absorbing in the long wavelength region, preferably a carbocyanine group of the general formula (I), on the base portion or on the phosphorus atom in which R1 and R2 each denote hydrogen or together form a phenyl residue; R3 denotes hydrogen if linkage with the nucleotide is via the R4 position or it denotes a —NHCS— group if linkage with the nucleotide is via the R3 position; both R4 and R5, or R5, alone denote an alkylsulfonyl group with n being a number from 3 to 5 or R4 represents a —NHCS— group with n being a number from 3 to 8, as well as the use of the compounds to label, detect and sequence nucleic acids.

Abstract: 2′-Deoxyisoguanosine, isosteric analogues and isoguanosine derivatives of formulae I-V, processes for their production via compounds of the general formulae a or b and reaction with aroyl isocyanates or from compounds of the general formulae VI-IX by photochemical irradiation. A further production process is the conversion of deoxyguanosines or guanosines by means of persilylation, reaction with ammonia and deamination in the 2 position. The compounds are suitable as pharmaceutical agents with antiviral efficacy.

Abstract: The invention concerns compounds of the general formula (I) in which i:he residues R1 to R7 have the meanings given in the application as well as methods for their preparation. The compounds are in particular suitable as substrates for RNA or DNA polymerases and can thus be incorporated into RNA or DNA oligonucleotides and are especially suitable for labelling and detecting nucleic acids or for DNA sequencing.

Abstract: The invention concerns pyrrolo-[3,2-d]pyrimidine, pyrazolo-[4,3-d]pyrimidine and pyrimidine-furanosides i.e. so-called C-nucleosides of the general formulae I-V or appropriate derivatives as well as processes for their production.

Abstract: The present invention provides desazapurine-nucleoside derivatives of the general formula: wherein X is a nitrogen atom or a methine radical, W is a nitrogen atom or a C—R4 radical, R1, R2, R3 and R4, which can be the same or different, are hydrogen or halogen atoms, hydroxyl or mercapto groups, lower alkyl, lower alkylthio, lower alkoxy, aralkyl, aralkoxy or aryloxy radicals or amino groups optionally substituted once or twice, R5 is a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, R6 and R7 are each hydrogen atoms or one of them is a halogen atom or a cyano or azido group or an amino group optionally substituted once or twice, whereby one of R6 and R7 can also be a hydroxyl group when X is a methine radical and, in addition, R5 and R7 can together also represent a further valency bond between C-2′ and C-3′ and Y is a hydrogen atom or a mono-, di- or tri-phosphate group.

Abstract: Process for the production of oligonucleotides of formula II, in which the exocyclic amino groups of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, 7-deazaadenine and 7-deazaguanine carry N-phenylacetyl groups, are used for oligonucleotide synthesis, wherein in a first step a starting nucleotide is bound to a solid carrier, subsequently the desired oligonucleotide is synthesized by stepwise coupling with appropriately activated further monomeric nucleotide building blocks of the general formula I with the above-mentioned meanings, if desired, trivalent phosphorus is oxidized to pentavalent phosphorus during and after the synthesis, the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the carrier and the 5' protecting groups are cleaved off. The phenylacetyl functional groups that protect exocyclic NH.sub.2 groups of the bases can be cleaved off in a mild way with penicillin amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.1.11).

Abstract: Process for the production of oligonucleotides of formula II, in which the exocyclic amino groups of the bases adenine, guanine, cytosine, 7-deazaadenine and 7-deazaguanine carry N-phenylacetyl groups, are used for oligonucleotide synthesis, wherein in a first step a starting nucleotide is bound to a solid carrier, subsequently the desired oligonucleotide is synthesized by stepwise coupling with appropriately activated further monomeric nucleotide building blocks of the general formula I with the above-mentioned meanings, if desired, trivalent phosphorus is oxidized to pentavalent phosphorus during and after the synthesis, the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the carrier and the 5' protecting groups are cleaved off. The phenylacetyl functional groups that protect exocyclic NH.sub.2 groups of the bases can be cleaved off in a mild way with penicillin amidohydrolase (EC 3.5.1.11).