Abstract: A driver pre-abnormal detection apparatus includes: sensors to acquire travel environment information of a vehicle; an in-vehicle camera that detects the driver's sightline; and a controller configured to detect a driver's pre-abnormal state based on the travel environment information and the driver's sightline. The controller identifies a visual recognition required point to be visually recognized by the driver based on the travel environment information, determines whether the driver has visually recognized the visual recognition required point based on the driver's sightline, and detects the driver's pre-abnormal state based on a fact that the driver has not visually recognized the visual recognition required point.

Abstract: A controller acquires a driving load score based on the travel environment information, acquires a distracted state occurrence score based on the driving load score and an elapsed time with the driving load score, acquires a search behavior score based on the travel environment information and the driver's sightline when the distracted state occurrence score is equal to or higher than a specified value, acquires a distracted state level of the driver based on the search behavior score and an elapsed time with the search behavior score, and determines that the driver is in the distracted state when the distracted state level is equal to or higher than a threshold and the search behavior score is increased in response to an increase in the driving load score.

Abstract: A driver state determination apparatus includes: an in-vehicle camera detecting a driver's sightline and head behavior; and a controller configured to determine the driver's state based on the driver's sightline and head behavior. When the driver is in an abnormal state based on the driver's sightline movement, the controller determines whether or not the driver's abnormal state a visual field impairment based on a change in each of a yaw angle and a pitch angle of the driver's head. When the abnormal state is the visual field impairment, the controller determines that the driver is aware of the visual field impairment when there is a direction in which the driver's sightline is not directed in the driver's field of view, and unaware of the visual field impairment when there is no direction in which the driver's sightline is not directed in the driver's field of view.

Abstract: A state of a user of a mobile terminal having a display for displaying an image may be estimated. A sightline detector detects a sightline of the user of a mobile terminal and processing circuitry is configured to estimate a state of the user. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a top-down index value that is correlated with an attention source amount allocated to top-down attention of the user with respect to an image displayed on a display of the mobile terminal. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a bottom-up index value correlated with the attention source amount allocated to bottom-up attention of the user with respect to the image displayed on the display. The processing circuitry is configured to estimate the user state including an attention function degraded state based on the top-down index value and the bottom-up index value.

Abstract: [Solution] A driver abnormality determination system includes circuitry configured to detect a driving operation of a driver, detect behavior of the driver's head and motion of eyeballs and/or movement of a sightline of the driver, recognize a driving scene in which the vehicle is driven; a memory that stores a sensor table of a relationship between the driving scene and detected values to be used to determine a driver abnormality; and determine the driver abnormality based on the sensor table, the driving scene, the driving operation and the behavior.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product provide driver state estimation. A first index value correlated with an amount of an attention source allocated to top-down attention of a driver and a second index value correlated with an amount of the attention source allocated to bottom-up attention of the driver are determined. The driver state including an attention function degraded state of the driver is estimated based on the first index value and the second index value. A vehicle being operated by the driver may be controlled in accordance with the estimated driver state.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product provide driver state estimation. A first index value correlated with an amount of an attention source allocated to top-down attention of a driver in a first area where the top-down attention of the driver is predominant and a second index value correlated with an amount of the attention source allocated to bottom-up attention of the driver in a second area where the bottom-up attention of the driver is predominant are determined. The driver state including an attention function degraded state of the driver may be estimated based on the first index value in the first area and the second index value in the second area. A vehicle being operated by the driver may be controlled in accordance with the estimated driver state.

Abstract: A driver abnormality determination apparatus includes circuitry configured to detect a driver state of a driver of a vehicle, detect a driving operation of the driver, detect an exertion level of an involuntary function of the driver based on the driver state, detect an exertion level of a driving function of the driver based on the driving operation; and determine driver abnormality based on the execution level of the involuntary function and the execution level of the driving function. On condition that a function level of one of the execution level of the involuntary function and the execution level of the driving function is equal to or lower than a specified determination criterion, the circuitry is configured to relax a determination criterion for the other function level.

Abstract: The driver abnormality determination apparatus includes circuitry configured to detect a driver state of a driver of a vehicle, recognize a driving scene of the vehicle based on external environment information, and detect a state of an involuntary function of the driver, detect a state of a base function that serves as the basis of a driving operation by the driver, detect a state of a predictive driving function of the driver, and detect an abnormality of the driver based on the states each of the involuntary function, the base function, the predictive function, and a determination function based on a detection target item.

Abstract: [Solution] A driver abnormality determination system includes circuitry configured to detect a driving operation of a driver, detect behavior of the driver's head and motion of eyeballs and/or movement of a sightline of the driver, recognize a driving scene in which the vehicle is driven; a memory that stores a sensor table of a relationship between the driving scene and detected values to be used to determine a driver abnormality; and determine the driver abnormality based on the sensor table, the driving scene, the driving operation and the behavior.

Abstract: A state of a user of a mobile terminal having a display for displaying an image maybe estimated. A sightline detector detects a sightline of the user of a mobile terminal and processing circuitry is configured to estimate a state of the user. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a top-down index value that is correlated with an attention source amount allocated to top-down attention of the user with respect to an image displayed on a display of the mobile terminal. The processing circuitry is configured to determine a bottom-up index value correlated with the attention source amount allocated to bottom-up attention of the user with respect to the image displayed on the display. The processing circuitry is configured to estimate the user state including an attention function degraded state based on the top-down index value and the bottom-up index value.

Abstract: A state of a user of a mobile terminal having a display for displaying an image may be estimated. A sightline detection detector detects a user's sightline of a mobile terminal that has a display for displaying an image. Processing circuitry is configured to estimate a state of the user including an attention function degraded state based on motion of the user's sightline with respect to the image displayed on the display of the mobile terminal.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product provide driver state estimation. A first index value correlated with an amount of an attention source allocated to top-down attention of a driver in a first area where the top-down attention of the driver is predominant and a second index value correlated with an amount of the attention source allocated to bottom-up attention of the driver in a second area where the bottom-up attention of the driver is predominant are determined. The driver state including an attention function degraded state of the driver may be estimated based on the first index value in the first area and the second index value in the second area. A vehicle being operated by the driver may be controlled in accordance with the estimated driver state.

Abstract: A device, method and computer program product provide driver state estimation. A first index value correlated with an amount of an attention source allocated to top-down attention of a driver and a second index value correlated with an amount of the attention source allocated to bottom-up attention of the driver are determined. The driver state including an attention function degraded state of the driver is estimated based on the first index value and the second index value. A vehicle being operated by the driver may be controlled in accordance with the estimated driver state.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a visual perception target determination unit for determining a visual perception target by using a saliency model for determining that an object to be visually perceived at a glance is a visual perception target, a surprise model for determining that an object behaving abnormally is a visual perception target, and a normative model for determining that an object to be visually perceived by a viewing action of a driver serving as a norm is a visual perception target; and a visual guidance unit for determining whether or not an overlooked visual perception to which a line-of-sight direction detected by a line-of-sight detection unit is not directed is present, and guiding a line-of-sight of a driver toward the overlooked visual perception target, when the overlooked visual perception target is present.

Abstract: An edge of, for example, a windshield which serves as range of vision is defined by front pillars, a roof, and a dashboard. A modification area is provided at a peripheral portion of the windshield. In the modification area, visual saliency (visual conspicuousness) can be partially increased by means of, e.g., liquid crystals.

Abstract: The present invention includes: a visual perception target determination unit for determining a visual perception target by using a saliency model for determining that an object to be visually perceived at a glance is a visual perception target, a surprise model for determining that an object behaving abnormally is a visual perception target, and a normative model for determining that an object to be visually perceived by a viewing action of a driver serving as a norm is a visual perception target; and a visual guidance unit for determining whether or not an overlooked visual perception to which a line-of-sight direction detected by a line-of-sight detection unit is not directed is present, and guiding a line-of-sight of a driver toward the overlooked visual perception target, when the overlooked visual perception target is present.

Abstract: An edge of, for example, a windshield which serves as range of vision is defined by front pillars, a roof, and a dashboard. A modification area is provided at a peripheral portion of the windshield. In the modification area, visual saliency (visual conspicuousness) can be partially increased by means of, e.g., liquid crystals.

Abstract: A liquid developer for electrophotography or electrostatic recording includes colored resin particles, which are constituted by at least a pigment, a binder resin containing acid group-containing resin, a basic group-containing pigment dispersion agent, and a granulating aid, with the colored resin particles formed in an insulating solvent by utilizing the coacervation method. A carbodiimide compound having at least one carbodiimide group is used as the granulating aid, with the ratio of the number of active hydrogens in the acid group-containing resin to the number of carbodiimide groups in the carbodiimide compound adjusted to 1:0.01 or more but less than 1:1.00, and the colored resin particles are dispersed in the insulating solvent by a particle dispersion agent. The liquid developer has good uniformity, preservation stability, fixing property, and electrophoretic migration property of particles.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a liquid developer for electrophotography or electrostatic recording obtained by a coacervation method, which sufficiently maintains the charging property and has good dispersion stability of colored resin particles, as well as a liquid developer obtained by the method. A method for producing a liquid developer by a coacervation method, wherein a colored resin particle is dispersed in an insulating hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the presence of a particle dispersant and an acid group-containing resin, and the particle dispersant is a reaction product of a polyamine compound and a self-condensation product of a hydroxycarboxylic acid.