Abstract: The aim of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing an optically active pyrimidinamide derivative on an industrial scale. Compound (I) or a salt thereof is subjected to an asymmetric reduction reaction, the obtained compound (II) or a salt thereof is subjected to a deprotection reaction, and the obtained compound (III) or a salt thereof is reacted with compound (VI) or a salt thereof to obtain compound (V) or a salt thereof. wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The aim of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing an optically active pyrimidinamide derivative on an industrial scale. Compound (I) or a salt thereof is subjected to an asymmetric reduction reaction, the obtained compound (II) or a salt thereof is subjected to a deprotection reaction, and the obtained compound (III) or a salt thereof is reacted with compound (VI) or a salt thereof to obtain compound (V) or a salt thereof. wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The aim of the present invention is to provide a method capable of producing an optically active pyrimidinamide derivative on an industrial scale. Compound (I) or a salt thereof is subjected to an asymmetric reduction reaction, the obtained compound (II) or a salt thereof is subjected to a deprotection reaction, and the obtained compound (III) or a salt thereof is reacted with compound (VI) or a salt thereof to obtain compound (V) or a salt thereof. wherein each symbol is as defined in the specification.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially advantageous process for producing a steroid C17,20 lyase inhibitor represented by the general formula (I); and a Reformatsky reagent in a stable form suitable for the process. In the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula (I) is produced by reducing a specific ?-hydroxy ester compound derivative or a salt thereof obtained from a specific carbonyl compound in a Reformatsky reaction in the presence of a metal hydride complex and a metal halide, and then subjecting it to a ring-closing reaction. In the above Reformatsky reaction, it is useful to use a stable solution of a compound represented by the general formula BrZnCH2COOC2H5 or a crystal of the compound which is represented by the formula (BrZnCH2COOC2H5.THF)2.

Abstract: The present invention provides an industrially advantageous process for producing a steroid C17,20 lyase inhibitor represented by the general formula (I): and a Reformatsky reagent in a stable form suitable for the process. In the present invention, a compound represented by the general formula (I) is produced by reducing a specific ?-hydroxy ester compound derivative or a salt thereof obtained from a specific carbonyl compound in a Reformatsky reaction in the presence of a metal hydride complex and a metal halide, and then subjecting it to a ring-closing reaction. In the above Reformatsky reaction, it is useful to use a stable solution of a compound represented by the general formula BrZnCH2COOC2H5 or a crystal of the compound which is represented by the formula (BrZnCH2COOC2H5.THF)2.

Abstract: An energy surgical device is provided with a treatment section which treats a subject, an energy supply section which supplies energy to the treatment section, a state-change detecting section which detects a state change of the treatment section, an energy instruction input section which inputs an instruction for the energy supply, and a regulation section which regulates the energy supply by the energy supply section based on the input of the energy supply instruction through the energy instruction input section and a result of detection in the state-change detecting section.

Abstract: An edge portion of an endoscope inserting portion includes an observation optical system, a first treatment-tool oscillating base which guides, in a first direction, a first treatment tool guided via a first channel for inserting the treatment tool, and a second treatment-tool oscillating base which guides, in a second direction, a second treatment tool guided via a second channel for inserting the treatment tool. Upon endoscope treatment for the lesion portion using the first and second treatment tools which are projected from the edge openings of two first and second channels for inserting the treatment tool and which are guided by the two first and second treatment-tool oscillating bases, one of the first and second treatment tools is moved to the outside of a field of view of an endoscope image as needed.

Abstract: According to the process as shown in the following scheme having a step for reacting Compound (I) with Compound (II) to produce Compound (III), benzylpiperidine compounds useful as synthesis starting materials of pharmaceutical agents, agricultural chemicals and the like can be produced conveniently by a short step: wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having substituents, an alkoxy group optionally having substituents or a heterocyclic group optionally having substituents, and R3 is a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: According to the process as shown in the following scheme having a step for reacting Compound (I) with Compound (II) to produce Compound (III), benzylpiperidine compounds useful as synthesis starting materials of pharmaceutical agents, agricultural chemicals and the like can be produced conveniently by a short step: wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having substituents, an alkoxy group optionally having substituents or a heterocyclic group optionally having substituents, and R3 is a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: According to the process as shown in the following scheme having a step for reacting Compound (I) with Compound (II) to produce Compound (III), benzylpiperidine compounds useful as synthesis starting materials of pharmaceutical agents, agricultural chemicals and the like can be produced conveniently by a short step: wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having substituents, an alkoxy group optionally having substituents or a heterocyclic group optionally having substituents, and R3 is a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: According to the process as shown in the following scheme having a step for reacting Compound (I) with Compound (II) to produce Compound (III), benzylpiperidine compounds useful as synthesis starting materials of pharmaceutical agents, agricultural chemicals and the like can be produced conveniently by a short step: wherein R1 is a hydrogen atom or an amino-protecting group, R2 is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group optionally having substituents, an alkoxy group optionally having substituents or a heterocyclic group optionally having substituents, and R3 is a lower alkyl group.

Abstract: A treatment instrument passage channel through which a treatment instrument can be passed lies through an elongated insertion unit that is inserted into a body cavity or the like. The distal opening of the treatment instrument passage channel opens onto the distal part of the insertion unit. A treatment instrument swing stand having a hole, through which the distal part of a treatment instrument led out of the distal opening is passed, bored therein is disposed near the distal opening so that the treatment instrument swing stand can swing freely. The treatment instrument swing stand is manipulated by proximally pulling angling wires. Thus, the distal part of the treatment instrument is swung from a position near the center of a field of view in both the rightward and leftward directions of an endoscope. Thus, the mucosa of a lesion can be resected easily while being caught in the field of view.

Abstract: An edge portion of an endoscope inserting portion includes an observation optical system, a first treatment-tool oscillating base which guides, in a first direction, a first treatment tool guided via a first channel for inserting the treatment tool, and a second treatment-tool oscillating base which guides, in a second direction, a second treatment tool guided via a second channel for inserting the treatment tool. Upon endoscope treatment for the lesion portion using the first and second treatment tools which are projected from the edge openings of two first and second channels for inserting the treatment tool and which are guided by the two first and second treatment-tool oscillating bases, one of the first and second treatment tools is moved to the outside of a field of view of an endoscope image as needed.

Abstract: A treatment instrument passage channel through which a treatment instrument can be passed lies through an elongated insertion unit that is inserted into a body cavity or the like. The distal opening of the treatment instrument passage channel opens onto the distal part of the insertion unit. A treatment instrument swing stand having a hole, through which the distal part of a treatment instrument led out of the distal opening is passed, bored therein is disposed near the distal opening so that the treatment instrument swing stand can swing freely. The treatment instrument swing stand is manipulated by proximally pulling angling wires. Thus, the distal part of the treatment instrument is swung from a position near the center of a field of view in both the rightward and leftward directions of an endoscope. Thus, the mucosa of a lesion can be resected easily while being caught in the field of view.

Abstract: A tip ring 18 for forming a lock mechanism for locking a tip cover 51 is formed in a circumferential part with a lock projection 22 for forming a lock groove 26 which becomes a recess of the lock mechanism on the endoscope tip side between the lock projection and curved rubber 19. A lock piece which becomes a projection of the lock mechanism of the tip cover 51 is locked into the lock groove 26 made by disposing the tip ring 18 and the curved rubber 19. To enhance the attachment property of the lock piece 52 to the lock groove 26, the lock projection 22 is formed with a slant projection 27 which becomes a slope for guiding the lock piece 52 to the lock groove 26. The slant projection 27 is formed as a slope projecting to the tip side from the lock projection 22 and rising from the tip bottom face to the top face of the lock projection 22.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an operating portion placed outside a living body, an insertion portion having a proximal end portion coupled to the operating portion, a distal end portion inserted in the living body, and an instrument insertion channel extending through the insertion portion, a raising mechanism having an operation wire and designed to direct the distal end portion of an instrument, caused to extend through the channel, to a predetermined position, and an operation means for operating the operation wire. The endoscope includes a distal end body portion arranged at the distal end portion of the insertion portion and incorporating an observation means for observing the interior of the living body, a support member for forming at least a portion of the outer surface of the distal end portion. The support member is detachable from the distal end body portion.

Abstract: An endoscope includes an operating portion placed outside a living body, an insertion portion having a proximal end portion coupled to the operating portion, a distal end portion inserted in the living body, and an instrument insertion channel extending through the insertion portion, a raising mechanism having an operation wire and designed to direct the distal end portion of an instrument, caused to extend through the channel, to a predetermined position, and an operation means for operating the operation wire. The endoscope includes a distal end body portion arranged at the distal end portion of the insertion portion and incorporating an observation means for observing the interior of the living body, a support member for forming at least a portion of the outer surface of the distal end portion. The support member is detachable from the distal end body portion.

Abstract: A device to be incorporated in the housing of the operation section of an endoscope, for operating a bending mechanism incorporated in the insertion section of the endoscope, comprises an operation shaft and a holder. The operation shaft has a distal end connected to the bending mechanism and a proximal end portion projecting from an operation section of the endoscope. The holder is mounted on a distal end portion of the operation shaft and comprises an upper and lower cover which are joined together and which define an outside surface and a hollow cylindrical space around the operation shaft. The upper and lower covers abut each other to form an interface on the outside surface.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for the control of coccidiosis using antibiotic K-41 and its non-toxic salts as the active anti-coccidial agent.