Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of biological feed material and to a process for catalytically converting the purified biological feed material into hydrocarbons suitable as biofuel components. The purified feed material is treated in a reactor system including a catalytically active guard bed phase and a catalytically active main reaction phase. At least one of the phases includes a catalyst bed with a combination of hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) and hydrodewaxing (HDW) catalysts. The process provides biofuel with acceptable ignition and cold flow properties.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the purification of biological feed material and to a process for catalytically converting the purified biological feed material into hydrocarbons suitable as biofuel components. The purified feed material is treated in a reactor system including a catalytically active guard bed phase and a catalytically active main reaction phase. At least one of the phases includes a catalyst bed with a combination of hydrodeoxygenating (HDO) and hydrodewaxing (HDW) catalysts. The process provides biofuel with acceptable ignition and cold flow properties.

Abstract: A composition, which is suitable for the production of stilbene compounds, can be separated from tall oil. It contains esters of pinosylvin or pinosylvin derivatives and it is concentrated in relation to these. Preferably, the composition contains esters of pinosylvin monomethyl ethers, the acid part of which is formed of an inorganic acid or an organic acid, in particular an organic acid, which is present in the crude tall oil or which is generated from this oil during the process of refining it. Typically, such acids are fatty and resin acids and lower alkane acids. With the invention, it is possible to generate, at an industrial scale, product fractions, and the pinosylvin compounds which are separated from the fractions can be used as such or they can be further modified by means of different chemical methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering sterols and fatty and/or resin acids from tall oil pitch, comprising the steps of: a) saponifying tall oil pitch to provide saponified tall oil pitch, b) drying the saponified pitch to obtain dried saponified pitch, c) subjecting the dried saponified pitch to a first high vacuum evaporation to obtain an unsaponifiable fraction as a distillate and a first residue, d) optionally subjecting said distillate to a second high vacuum evaporation to obtain an enriched unsaponifiable fraction, e) crystallizing sterols from the unsaponifiable fraction or the enriched unsaponifiable fraction, f) acidulating the first residue obtained in step c) to obtain an aqueous phase and an organic phase, separating the aqueous phase and drying the organic phase to obtain a dried organic phase, and g) subjecting the dried organic phase to vacuum distillation to obtain fatty and/or resin acids and a second residue, said process additionally comprising providing pitch-based heavy com

Abstract: A composition, which is suitable for the production of stilbene compounds, can be separated from tall oil. It contains esters of pinosylvin or pinosylvin derivatives and it is concentrated in relation to these. Preferably, the composition contains esters of pinosylvin monomethyl ethers, the acid part of which is formed of an inorganic acid or an organic acid, in particular an organic acid, which is present in the crude tall oil or which is generated from this oil during the process of refining it. Typically, such acids are fatty and resin acids and lower alkane acids. With the invention, it is possible to generate, at an industrial scale, product fractions, and the pinosylvin compounds which are separated from the fractions can be used as such or they can be further modified by means of different chemical methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for recovering sterols and fatty and/or resin acids from tall oil pitch, comprising the steps of: a) saponifying tall oil pitch to provide saponified tall oil pitch, b) drying the saponified pitch to obtain dried saponified pitch, c) subjecting the dried saponified pitch to a first high vacuum evaporation to obtain an unsaponifiable fraction as a distillate and a first residue, d) optionally subjecting said distillate to a second high vacuum evaporation to obtain an enriched unsaponifiable fraction, e) crystallizing sterols from the unsaponifiable fraction or the enriched unsaponifiable fraction, f) acidulating the first residue obtained in step c) to obtain an aqueous phase and an organic phase, separating the aqueous phase and drying the organic phase to obtain a dried organic phase, and g) subjecting the dried organic phase to vacuum distillation to obtain fatty and/or resin acids and a second residue, said process additionally comprising providing pitch-based heavy comp