Abstract: In chromatographic separation in a plurality of steps with a chromatographic separator packed with an ion exchanger used as at least part of chromatographic packing, at least part of the ionic form of at least part of the ion exchanger is changed to an ionic form fit for separation of components to be separated in each step to effect chromatographic separation, whereby a starting fluid material containing at least 3 components can be efficiently separated into at least 3 fractions. A preferred example of the chromatographic separator comprising a group of packing bed units linked in endless series to form a circulation flow path is provided with a shutoff valve at a position of the circulation flow path; starting fluid material feed means, desorbent feed means and 2-fraction withdrawal means for all the packing bed units; and a single-fraction withdrawal means connected to the circulation flow path on the upstream side of the shutoff valve and without any packing bed unit therebetween.

Abstract: At least 2 different packings differing in the resolution of components contained in a starting fluid material such as a starting solution material and desired to be separated are used in a coexistent state to adjust the resolution of the components. The starting fluid material is flowed through the resultant packing bed to effect chromatographic separation, whereby high-purity fractions enriched with respective components can be obtained at high recoveries with a small amount of desorbent such as eluent.

Abstract: In demineralization of a beet sugar solution before boiling as the starting solution with a simulated moving bed chromatographic separator comprising a plurality of packed column units packed with a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in a salt form having an average grain size of 300 to 500 &mgr;m and a uniformity coefficient of at most 1.

Abstract: A starting solution material in the form of waste produced in the course of separation and recovery of sucrose from sugar beet extract or sugar beet molasses with a 2-component separation simulated moving bed chromatographic separator (using a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in a salt form as chromatographic packing) or its concentrate is used to separate therefrom a crude betaine fraction with a 2-component separation simulated moving bed chromatographic separator using as chromatographic packing a strongly acidic cation exchange resin in an ionic form equilibrated with that of the starting solution material. The crude betaine fraction or its concentrate is used to separate therefrom a betaine fraction with a 2-component separation simulated moving bed chromatographic separator using as chromatographic packing a strongly acidic cation exchange resin having at least 10% (based on the ion exchange capacity) of the ionic form thereof changed to the Ca form.

Abstract: A medical system control apparatus including a plurality of pieces of medical equipment having respective identification numbers thereof individually, and having display portions on which setting conditions or operating conditions are displayed and operating portions for modifying the setting conditions or the operating conditions which are displayed on the display portions, a centralized controller for controlling the plurality of pieces of medical equipment, a centralized display device connected to the controller and provided with a display portion which displays the display contents of the plurality of pieces of medical equipment, a centralized operation device connected to the controller for controlling the setting conditions or the operating conditions which are displayed on the display portions of the plurality of pieces of medical equipment, and a communication device for enabling the plurality of pieces of medical equipment, the centralized display device and the centralized operation device and the

Abstract: A communication port of a concentrated controller for performing concentrated control, and a communication port of each of a plurality of operation devices having respective peculiar ID codes are connected to each other by a signal transmitting cable or the like. An ID code of an operation device intended to be accessed from the concentrated controller is transmitted, whereby each of the operation devices judges whether or not the transmitted ID code is in agreement with one's own ID code. Access is made only to the operation device when the ID code is in agreement with one's own ID code. The operation of such device is capable of being controlled by transmitted information; and such operation is preferably related to a medical environment.

Abstract: An insufflation apparatus intended to insufflate gas supplied from a gas supply source into a cavity of the human body through a gas insufflating pipe, comprising a switch valve for opening and closing a gas supply pipe extending from the gas supply source to the gas insufflating pipe, a cavity pressure measuring unit arranged in the gas supply pipe to measure the pressure in the body cavity, a pressure setting section for setting an intended pressure in the body cavity, an arithmetic unit for calculating the difference of a value measured by the cavity pressure measuring unit relative to the value of pressure set by the pressure setting section, and a changeover control unit for changing over the timings at which the switch valve is opened and closed on the basis of values thus calculated by the arithmetic unit.

Abstract: An endoscope system includes an endoscope, an endoscope camera and a light source device. The light source device has an error detection unit for detecting an error of communication data and an error recovery unit for performing an error recovery operation in correspondence with an error content detected by the error detection unit.