Abstract: There is provided an optical member capable of causing, when used for a liquid crystal display apparatus, light output from a light source to enter a liquid crystal display panel with high efficiency. An optical member according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a polarizing plate; a reflective polarizer; a ?/4 plate; and a prism layer, the polarizing plate, the reflective polarizer, the ?/4 plate, and the prism layer being integrated in the stated order.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display panel includes: a first polarizing plate; a first ?/4 plate; a first substrate; a second ?/4 plate; a liquid crystal layer; a second substrate; and a second polarizing plate, wherein the first substrate includes a black matrix, and a photo spacer overlapping with the black matrix, d crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer homogeneously align with no voltage application, the second ?/4 plate is made of a self-assembling photo alignment material containing a photo functional group capable of causing at least one chemical reaction selected from the group consisting of photodimerization, photoisomerization, and photo-Fries rearrangement, and covers a side surface of the photo spacer, and the in-plane stow axis of the first ?/4 plate forms an angle of 45° with the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate and is orthogonal to the in-plane slow axis of the second ?/4 plate.

Abstract: Provided is a light extraction member which can be obtained at an adequate cost, while achieving desired light output characteristics without requiring complicated design and structure, and which is easily combined with another member, while exhibiting excellent productivity and excellent handling properties. A light extraction member according to the present embodiment includes: a light guide part which has a first main surface being on the light output side and a second main surface being on the reverse side of the first main surface; and a light output control layer which is a predetermined pattern formed on the first main surface. With respect to this light extraction member, the refractive index n1 of the light guide part and the refractive index n2 of the light output control layer satisfy relational expression n1>n2; and the refractive index n2 of the light output control layer is from 1.01 to 1.30.

Abstract: A silicon wafer includes a denuded zone which is a surface layer and of which the density of vacancy-oxygen complexes which are complexes of vacancies and oxygen is less than 1.0×1012/cm3. An intermediate layer is disposed inwardly of the denuded zone so as to be adjacent to the denuded zone. The density of the vacancy-oxygen complexes in the intermediate layer increases gradually inwardly in the depth direction from the boundary with the denuded zone within a range of 1.0×1012/cm3 or over and less than 5.0×1012/cm3. The intermediate layer has a depth determined corresponding to the depth of the denuded zone. A bulk layer is disposed inwardly of the intermediate layer so as to be adjacent to the intermediate layer. The density of the vacancy-oxygen complexes in the bulk layer is 5.0×1012/cm3 or over.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical sheet for a light guide plate type liquid crystal display, including a low refractive index layer having an extremely low refractive index. The optical sheet A12 for a light guide plate type liquid crystal display (1000) according to the present invention includes a first optical film (light guide plate) (1010), a low refractive index layer (20), and a second optical film (reflection plate) (1020) laminated in this order, and the low refractive index layer (20) has a refractive index of 1.25 or less.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of solving problems of the conventional techniques and producing, by an economically advantageous means, fermented milk having hardness to such an extent that the texture of the fermented milk can be kept during distribution. The present invention relates to a method for producing fermented milk, comprising homogenizing a raw material mix under a high pressure to reduce the average particle diameter of a fat and then fermenting the homogenized product. More specifically, the present invention relates to: a method for producing fermented milk using a material that is sterilized at an ultra-high temperature, said method comprising homogenizing a fat in a raw material mix, which contains a material sterilized at an ultra-high temperature, under a high pressure and then fermenting the resultant product; and fermented milk produced by the method.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retardation substrate capable of producing a liquid crystal display device more easily and a liquid crystal display device provided with the retardation substrate. The retardation substrate of the present invention is a retardation substrate including a base material and an optical functional layer provided on one surface of the base material, in which the optical functional layer includes a retardation layer, and a direction of a slow axis of a surface of the optical functional layer is different from a direction of a slow axis inside the retardation layer.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel includes a first ?/4 retardation layer, a first substrate, a color filter layer, a liquid crystal layer containing horizontally aligned liquid crystals, and a second ?/4 retardation layer that is formed from a different material from the first ?/4 retardation layer between the first substrate and the color filter layer or between the color filter layer and the liquid crystal layer. The second ?/4 retardation layer has a smaller thickness in a region overlapping the blue color filter than in a region overlapping the green color filter. The first ?/4 retardation layer provides a retardation Rout(?) to light having a wavelength of ? nm. The second ?/4 retardation layer provides a retardation Rin(?). The retardation Rout(?) and the retardation Rin(?) satisfy the following formula (1) in the region overlapping the blue color filter. ?1.0 nm<Rin(450)?Rout(450)<10.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating material that allows a structure with void spaces having a strength and flexibility to be formed. The coating material of the present invention includes: pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound obtained from a silicon compound containing at least three or less functional groups having saturated bonds; and a dispersion medium, wherein the pulverized product contains a residual silanol group. The method of producing a coating material according to the present invention includes steps of: causing gelation of a silicon compound containing at least three or less functional groups having saturated bonds and mixing the gelled silicon compound and a dispersion medium. According to the coating material of the present invention, for example, a coating film is formed by coating a base with the coating material and a porous structure is formed by chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the coating film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a retardation substrate which less dissolves a retardation layer, shows good depolarization performance, and has a high voltage holding ratio when used for a liquid crystal element, and a liquid crystal element and a liquid crystal module which include the retardation substrate. The retardation substrate includes: a base material; a retardation layer provided on one surface of the base material; a dielectric layer provided on a surface, opposite to the base material, of the retardation layer; and an alignment film which is provided on a surface, opposite to the retardation layer, of the dielectric layer and subjected to a liquid crystal alignment treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a silicone porous body having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having a strength. The silicone porous body of the present invention includes silicon compound microporous particles, wherein the silicon compound microporous particles are chemically bonded by catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The silicone porous body can be produced, for example, by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a silicone porous body having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having a strength. The silicone porous body of the present invention includes silicon compound microporous particles, wherein the silicon compound microporous particles are chemically bonded by catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The silicone porous body can be produced, for example, by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products, for example.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a silicone porous body having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having a strength. The silicone porous body of the present invention includes silicon compound microporous particles, wherein the silicon compound microporous particles are chemically bonded by catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The silicone porous body can be produced, for example, by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products, for example.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display panel includes: a first polarizing plate; a first ?/4 plate: a first substrate; a second ?/4 plate; a liquid crystal layer; a second substrate, and a second polarizing plate, wherein the first substrate includes a black matrix, and a photo spacer overlapping with the black matrix, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer homogeneously align with no voltage application, the second ?/4 plate is made of a self-assembling photo alignment material containing a photo functional group capable of causing at least one chemical reaction selected from the group consisting of photodimerization, photoisomerization, and photo-Fries rearrangement, and covers a side surface of the photo spacer, and the in-plane slow axis of the first ?/4 plate forms an angle of 45° with the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate and is orthogonal to the in-plane slow axis of the second ?/4 plate.

Abstract: An interlayer film for a laminated glass that provides excellent vibration damping performance at high temperature and excellent sound insulation in a wide temperature range. The interlayer film contains a part A containing a resin composition A or a resin A and a part B containing a resin composition B or a resin B, and the part A and the part B are horizontally arranged. The interlayer film has a difference between temperatures Ta and Tb of 10° C. or larger when the temperature Ta is a temperature at which the resin composition A or the resin A shows a maximum loss tangent of a dynamic viscoelasticity at a frequency of 1 Hz, and the temperature Tb is a temperature at which the resin composition B or the resin B shows a maximum loss tangent of a dynamic viscoelasticity at a frequency of 1 Hz.

Abstract: The present invention provides, for example, a silicone porous body having a porous structure with less cracks and a high proportion of void space as well as having a strength. The silicone porous body of the present invention includes silicon compound microporous particles, wherein the silicon compound microporous particles are chemically bonded by catalysis. For example, the abrasion resistance measured with BEMCOT® is in the range from 60% to 100%, and the folding endurance measured by the MIT test is 100 times or more. The silicone porous body can be produced, for example, by forming the precursor of the silicone porous body using sol containing pulverized products of a gelled silicon compound and then chemically bonding the pulverized products contained in the precursor of the silicone porous body. The chemical bond among the pulverized products is preferably a chemical crosslinking bond among the pulverized products, for example.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide a method for producing an optical laminate, capable of finely providing asperities in a thin base layer at low cost. The method for producing an optical laminate according to the present invention includes the steps of: laminating a pressure-sensitive adhesive/adhesive layer 30 and a protective layer 40 on a base layer 10 in this order; and after the step of laminating, providing asperities 10A on a surface of the base layer 10 opposite to a surface on which the pressure-sensitive adhesive/adhesive layer 30 is laminated.

Abstract: The liquid crystal display panel includes: a first polarizing plate; a first ?/4 plate; a first substrate; a second ?/4 plate; a liquid crystal layer; a second substrate; and a second polarizing plate, wherein the first substrate includes a black matrix but no photo spacer, the second substrate includes a photo spacer overlapping with the black matrix, liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer homogeneously align with no voltage application, the second ?/4 plate covers no side surface of the photo spacer, and the in-plane slow axis of the first ?/4 plate forms an angle of 45° with the transmission axis of the first polarizing plate and is orthogonal to the in-plane slow axis of the second ?/4 plate.

Abstract: The present invention aims to provide a filling-bonding material that is suitably used to fill a space between parts, while bonding the parts, in optical devices in various shapes not limited to flat shapes. The present invention also aims to provide a protective sheet-equipped filling-bonding material, a laminate, an optical device, and a protective panel for an optical device each including the filling-bonding material. Provided is a filling-bonding material having a shape with an uneven thickness.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display panel of the present invention includes, sequentially from the viewer side: a first linearly polarizing plate; a first ?/4-wavelength layer; a first substrate including a color filter, a black matrix, and a second ?/4-wavelength layer; a liquid crystal layer; a second substrate; and a second linearly polarizing plate, the liquid crystal display panel further including a sealing material disposed so as to surround the liquid crystal layer in a plan view, wherein the second ?/4-wavelength layer is disposed closer to the liquid crystal layer than the color filter and the black matrix are and such that an outer edge of the second ?/4-wavelength layer lies inside an arrangement region of the sealing material, and the first ?/4-wavelength layer and the second ?/4-wavelength layer are disposed such that their slow axes are perpendicular to each other.