Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning fine-grain material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal. The material is thermally treated in a multi-stage burning process with a pre-heating stage, a calcining stage with a high-degree of calcination, a sintering stage in a very short rotary kiln and a cooling stage. Fuel is introduced both into the sintering stage in the short rotary kiln as well as into the calcinating stage. Hot exhaust air from the cooling stage is supplied both to the sintering stage as well as to the calcining stage as furnace air. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the manufacture of mineral products of the burning process such as cement clinker.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning fine-grain material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal. The material is thermally treated in a multistage burning process with a pre-heating stage, a calcining stage with a high-degree of calcination, a sintering stage in a very short rotary kiln and a cooling stage. Fuel is introduced both into the sintering stage in the short rotary kiln as well as into the calcinating stage. Hot exhaust air from the cooling stage is supplied both to the sintering stage as well as to the calcining stage as furnace air. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the manufacture of mineral products of the burning process such as cement clinker.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of finely divided material for the calcination of cement wherein the material is preheated in a multi-stage heat exchanger and later passed to a calcining furnace. The material is partly deacidified in a pre-calcination zone before entering the sintering furnace where further calcining and sintering of the material is completed. A portion of the feed material is treated with rapidly oxidizing fuel components in a pre-calcination zone in a first stage and with more slowly oxidizing fuel components in a second stage, the more slowly oxidizing fuel components being a mixture of relatively fine granulated fuel particles of substantially uniform size and larger particles of briquetted or coarsely broken fuel.

Abstract: Apparatus for the thermal treatment of finely divided material for the calcination of cement wherein the material is preheated in a multi-stage heat exchanger and later passed to a calcining furnace. The material is partly deacidified in a pre-calcination zone before entering the sintering furnace where further calcining and sintering of the material is completed. A portion of the feed material is treated with rapidly oxidizing fuel components in a pre-calcination zone in a first stage and with more slowly oxidizing fuel components in a second stage, the more slowly oxidizing fuel components being a mixture of relatively fine granulated fuel particles of substantially uniform size and larger particles of briquetted or coarsely broken fuel.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for burning fine-grain material, particularly for the manufacture of cement clinker from cement raw meal. The material is thermally treated in a multistage burning process with a pre-heating stage, a calcining stage with a high-degree of calcination, a sintering stage in a very short rotary kiln and a cooling stage. Fuel is introduced both into the sintering stage in the short rotary kiln as well as into the calcinating stage. Hot exhaust air from the cooling stage is supplied both to the sintering stage as well as to the calcining stage as furnace air. The invention also relates to an apparatus for the manufacture of mineral products of the burning process such as cement clinker.

Abstract: A method for the thermal treatment of finely divided material in the calcination of cement in which finely divided material is fed in suspension into a first combustion zone, and a relatively rapidly oxidizing fuel is fed into the first combustion zone to thereby oxidize the fuel and transfer its heat to the finely divided material. The at least partially deacidified finely divided material is then fed from the first combustion zone into a second combustion zone where it is contacted with relatively slowly oxidizing fuel. Subsequently, the material treated in the second combustion zone is sintered in a sintering zone.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for the thermal treatment of pulverulent material in which the material is preheated and finely calcined in a calcination zone, the improvement involving pre-calcining the pulverulent material in a highly turbulent gaseous stream containing combustible fuel in a pre-calcination zone prior to final calcination.

Abstract: An apparatus for the thermal treatment of fine-grained material such as for the calcination of cement including a suspension type gas heat exchanger having a plurality of stages of progressively higher temperatures in the direction of material flow. A conduit connects the hottest stage of the heat exchanger with a rotary kiln. A combustion zone is provided within the conduit and rapidly oxidizing fuel components are introduced into this combustion zone. Slowly oxidizing fuel components are introduced into the rotary kiln in a second combustion zone.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for calcining cement wherein the material is preheated in a precalcining zone and a vertical conduit leads heated discharge gases upwardly from a main calcining furnace, a supply of fuel and a supply of oxygen is fed to a preoxidation zone beneath the precalcining zone and raw material is fed into an admixing area above the burner with a deflector preventing particles from falling down into the preoxidation zone with the fuel being partially oxidized so that controlled heating and controlled oxidation occurs in the precalcining zone.

Abstract: A method for the production of a fine-grained mixture of mineral solids such as pulverized raw material for the calcining of cement clinkers composed of several materials, one of the starting materials constituting a substantial proportion of the total mixture and having a grain size suitable for further processing, but having a relatively high moisture content, and another starting material also constituting a substantial proportion of the total mixture and consisting of coarse grained fragments. In accordance with the present invention, these two starting materials, together with other additives which might be present, are mixed and suspended in a column of heated air to dry the mixture to a moisture level suitable for further processing.

Abstract: A method and mechanism for calcining cement wherein the material is preheated in a precalcining zone and a vertical conduit leads heated discharge gases upwardly from a main calcining furnace, a supply of fuel and a supply of oxygen is fed to a preoxidation zone beneath the precalcining zone and raw material is fed into an admixing area above the burner with a deflector preventing particles from falling down into the preoxidation zone with the fuel being partially oxidized so that controlled heating and controlled oxidation occurs in the precalcining zone.

Abstract: A process and mechanism for thermally treating fine ground material for the calcining of cement in stages which passes finely ground calcareous and argillaceous material into a vertical chamber to enter a deacidifying zone, supplying fuel to the vertical chamber with a supply of oxygen so that the fuel is partially oxidized prior to mixing with the material and the fuel, oxygen and material are supplied so that the material is deacidified in the range of 50% to 80%, passing exhaust gases from a kiln into the deacidifying zone, and passing material from the deacidifying zone through a cyclone separator to separate the gases and deliver the preheated material to the kiln for completion of the burning process.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for thermally treating fine granular material such as for the calcining of cement including a furnace for completing the thermal treatment of the material having a burner therein with the material is first received by parallel plural stage separator systems each having plural cyclone separators, wherein the material is heated by hot exhaust gases and material supplied from first and second separator systems to first and second parallely arranged preheater chambers each having their own burner and receiving the full flow of exhaust gases from a furnace to the separators feeding to the preheater chamber and the preheater chambers connected to discharge their exhaust gases to the separator systems, and the final stage of each separator system discharging the material directly to the furnace.