Abstract: A contact member that comes into contact with a surface of a developer carrier has a volume resistivity of 1014 ohm·cm or less, and a developer satisfies the following conditions: a rotating member and the contact member have a resistance value of 1.0×104 ohms or less, and a first resistance value ranges from 1.0×105 ohms to 1.0×108 ohms as measured in a state where the rotating member is stopped and the developer is located between the rotating member and the contact member, and a second resistance value is in the range of the first resistance value and is 40% or more with respect to the first resistance value, as measured in a state where the rotating member is rotated at 200 mm/s with respect to the contact member and the developer is located between the rotating member and the contact member.

Abstract: There is provided a target presentation device for presenting a target to a subject eye. The target presentation device including a format setting means that sets a display format of a visual acuity value of an examination target used in an examination of the subject eye, based on an operation signal, and an output means that outputs a target to be presented to the subject eye, based on the visual acuity value represented in the display format set by the format setting means.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel including a curved screen; a backlight; a signal corrector configured to generate a control signal that sets a luminance of the backlight to a lower level at a lower grayscale level of a video signal input thereto, and output the video signal and the control signal; a liquid crystal panel driver configured to drive the liquid crystal panel based on the video signal output from the signal corrector; and a backlight driver configured to drive the backlight based on the control signal output from the signal corrector, the liquid crystal panel including a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizing plate, the first and second polarizing plates being disposed such that their transmission axes form an angle ? (unit: °), the angle ? satisfying a relationship 85<?<90 or 90<?<95.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device includes: a liquid crystal panel including a curved screen; a backlight; a signal corrector configured to generate a control signal that sets a luminance of the backlight to a lower level at a lower grayscale level of a video signal input thereto, and output the video signal and the control signal; a liquid crystal panel driver configured to drive the liquid crystal panel based on the video signal output from the signal corrector; and a backlight driver configured to drive the backlight based on the control signal output from the signal corrector, the liquid crystal panel including a first polarizing plate, a liquid crystal cell, and a second polarizing plate, the first and second polarizing plates being disposed such that their transmission axes form an angle ? (unit: °), the angle ? satisfying a relationship 85<?<90 or 90<?<95.

Abstract: A method of producing a display panel including substrates having an inner space therebetween surrounded by a sealing material and an outer space outside the inner space and one substrate includes an inner space structure part and an outer space structure part, the method includes a substrate deforming step of displacing a part of the outer space structure part toward another substrate to cause an end part of the inner space structure part near the part of the outer space structure part to be moved away from the other substrate, resulting in a part of the inner space structure part being warped to be away from the other substrate, a dividing step of dividing the substrates into portions configuring the inner space and the outer space, and a substrate bending step of bending the portion of the substrates configuring the inner space so that the one substrate projects outward.

Abstract: A display device, with a built-in touch sensor, including a display unit where sensor electrodes are provided, and a signal processing unit configured to process detection signals obtained from the sensor electrodes is provided with a segment-size switching unit configured to perform electrical connection and electrical disconnection of sensor electrodes such that a size of a segment serving as a unit of processing the detection signal becomes a size depending on an instruction signal. For example, the segment-size switching unit is configured by a switch circuit configured to switch a connection relationship between a plurality of sensor electrodes and a plurality of analog front ends, and a switching control unit configured to control operation of the switch circuit depending on the instruction signal.

Abstract: An input device includes an input receptive body, a base, an oscillator, a vibration detector, and a vibration controller. The input receptive body is configured to receive input operation. The base is attached to the input receptive body. The oscillator is configured to vibrate the input receptive body. The vibration detector is configured to detect vibration of the input receptive body. The vibration controller is configured to output a base vibration signal to oscillate the oscillator with which the input receptive body vibrates, obtain a waveform of the vibration of the input receptive body based on an output signal from the vibration detector, and generate a suppression signal with an opposite phase from a phase of at least a section of the waveform of the vibration to control driving of the oscillator.

Abstract: A driving voltage generating circuit of a matrix-type display device includes a voltage dividing resistor group composed of a plurality of voltage dividing resistors connected in series, for dividing a potential a difference of a reference voltage. It also includes operational amplifiers for generating and outputting row voltages (a selective voltage and a non-selective voltage) to be applied to row electrodes, by subjecting each voltage obtained by voltage division to impedance conversion. A p-channel MOSFET and an n-channel MOSFET as analog switches for altering a level of each voltage thus generated are provided in parallel with voltage dividing resistors at ends of the voltage dividing resistor group. With this arrangement, the number of elements necessary for the circuit, for example, MOSFETS and level shifters for controlling the MOSFETS, can be decreased. Therefore, the size of the driving voltage generating circuit can be reduced.

Abstract: A driving method of a liquid crystal display device of a matrix type including a plurality of scanning electrodes and a plurality of data electrodes is provided. Certain scanning electrodes are simultaneously selected and driven. A correction voltage is added to a scanning signal to be supplied to the certain scanning electrodes.

Abstract: The memory interface circuit converts an input data signal into multi-scan data signals used for a multi-scan type liquid crystal display. The memory interface circuit includes: a memory for storing one frame of the input data signal corresponding to the display panel, and a control circuit for controlling write/read operations for the memory so that the input data signal is sequentially written in the memory in a single-scan manner, and that data stored in the memory is read out as first and second multi-scan signals in a multi-scan manner. The control circuit controls timing of read operations so that a read operation for the second multi-scan signal is started a predetermined time after that for the first multi-scan signal is started, the predetermined time being equal to a delay time of a write operation of the input data corresponding to the second portion with respect to that corresponding to the first portion.

Abstract: A method for driving a simple matrix type display device includes the steps of: applying a data voltage corresponding to values obtained by an orthogonal transform of input data to the data electrodes; applying a scanning voltage to the scanning electrodes, the scanning voltage corresponding to an orthogonal function used for the orthogonal transform; and reproducing the input data by an orthogonal inverse transform of the data voltage on the display panel, wherein the step of applying the scanning voltage includes the steps of: applying a scanning selection pulse signal having at least two levels to the scanning electrodes as a scanning voltage; and fixing the scanning selection pulse signal to an unselected level during a first period, a second period, or both of the first and second periods, the first period being defined as a period from the beginning of the data output until a predetermined time later in a data voltage output period, and the second period being defined as a period from a predetermined sh

Abstract: In a liquid crystal display device having a simple matrix liquid crystal display panel including a plurality of scanning electrodes disposed in parallel with each other and a plurality of data electrodes disposed in parallel with each other so as to cross the scanning electrodes, the scanning electrodes are divided into a predetermined number of sub-groups, and each sub-group is successively driven by utilizing an orthogonal function. For a selection, a signal having an electric potential of .+-.Vr, which is a selection pulse string according to the orthogonal function, is applied to the respective scanning electrodes as a scanning electrode driving signal. For a non-selection, a signal having an electric potential of 0 is applied to the respective scanning electrodes as the scanning electrode driving signal.

Abstract: A driving device for a display apparatus having excellent contrast and a high display quality without crosstalk and display irregularities, and a driving method for the same are provided. In the driving device, scanning signals and data signals having a plurality of periodical inactive portions in one frame are applied to respective display dots. In the inactive term, a fixed voltage is applied to each of the display dots. The signal applied to the display dot is divided into small terms by the inactive portions, resulting in more high frequency components in a voltage signal applied to the display dot. As a result, the frequency components of a driving signal applied to the display dot are averaged. Further, a complete orthogonal function having 2.sup.r base function series is used, and a desired display data is completely reproduced on the display apparatus by an arithmetic process assuming auxiliary data in accordance with the number of the scanning electrodes.

Abstract: A driving device for a display apparatus having excellent contrast and a high display quality without crosstalk and display irregularities, and a driving method for the same are provided. In the driving device, scanning signals and data signals having a plurality of periodical inactive portions in one frame are applied to respective display dots. In the inactive term, a fixed voltage is applied to each of the display dots. The signal applied to the display dot is divided into small terms by the inactive portions, resulting in more high frequency components in a voltage signal applied to the display dot. As a result, the frequency components of a driving signal applied to the display dot are averaged. Further, a complete orthogonal function having 2.sup.r base function series is used, and a desired display data is completely reproduced on the display apparatus by an arithmetic process assuming auxiliary data in accordance with the number of the scanning electrodes.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal display device is disclosed, which takes a specified period to rewrite the picture elements in one horizontal scanning period, and includes M scanning lines divided into a plurality of groups each containing K scanning lines (K>1, M>1, K, M: positive integers) and elements for supplying scanning signals to the M scanning lines to rewrite an image. The scanning signal-supplying elements output scanning signals to the first scanning line of each group in the first frame, to the second scanning line of each group in the second frame, and to the Kth scanning line of each group in the Kth frame so that the M scanning lines are rewritten by K times of scanning.

Abstract: A projection type liquid crystal display device which displays an image on a screen by projecting the light emitted from a light source and passing through a liquid crystal display element onto said screen, said element having first and second liquid crystal panels, a plurality of signal electrodes which are parallel with each other; and scanning electrodes which are parallel with each other and are orthogonal to said signal electrodes, said signal electrodes and scanning electrodes being disposed for sandwiching each said liquid crystal layer therebetween and modulating the strength of light that has been transmitted through each portion of said liquid crystal layer, wherein the signal electrodes arranged in parallel on the first liquid display panel are separated into two parts at the middle of upper half display portion, and the signal electrodes arranged in parallel on the second display panel are separated into two parts at the middle of lower half display portion.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device containing an X-Y matrix type liquid crystal display panel in which these are M (M>1) signal electrodes and N (N>1) scanning electrodes are arranged in a matrix. The liquid crystral display device utilizes a device which reverses the polarity of the voltage waveform applied to the liquid crystal display panel at intervals of n (1<n<N) horizontal scanning periods. The polarity reversing timing of this waveform is set randomly for a certain predetermined number of frames, for example, every two frames. The random setting of the polarity reversing timing substantially eliminates crosstalk and linear display irregularity. The polarity reversing timing is realized by a random number generator in a reversing circuit which can be attached to a conventional liquid crystal display device such that this reversing circuit can randomly reverse the conventional polarity reversal signal.

Abstract: A virtual stereographic display system which includes a display image surface, a polarizer disposed before the display image surface, a liquid crystal cell in which ferroelectric smectic liquid crystal is aligned, and disposed before the polarizer, a driving circuit connected to the liquid crystal cell so as to apply AC voltage synchronized with the frame signal of the image on the display image surface to the liquid crystal cell and to switch over the polarization axes of the display light proceeding from the display image surface through the polarizer and liquid crystal cell by time division, and polarizing glasses having different polarization axes for the left eye and right eye for viewing the display light.

Abstract: A method of driving a matrix-type liquid crystal display panel comprising the step of dividing each scan pulse delivered to a plurality of row electrodes connected to the liquid crystal panel into plural scan periods; supplying video signal data via real-time operation during the initial divided period during alernate scan periods; generating new and proper signal source during the rest of the scan periods; and supplying data from the new signal source so that data can be written into liquid crystal layers. When dividing the width of the scan pulse into n pulses, the frame frequency can be raised n-times, thus making it possible to achieve a satisfactory liquid crystal picture display without the slightest flicker.

Abstract: A color liquid crystal display device which comprises picture element electrodes arranged in a matrix that is made up of the intersecting points of row electrodes and column electrodes, a 1st circuit board with switching elements that are connected to these picture element electrodes, a 2nd circuit board with opposing electrodes, a liquid crystal layer that is inserted in between the said 1st and 2nd circuit boards, a color filter with a specific pattern in between the said 1st and 2nd circuit boards, and a column electrode drive circuit that applies voltage corresponding to color arrangement of the color filter and the density of the display to the said column electrode. The column electrode drive circuit includes a sampling circuit which samples the momentary voltage corresponding to the display picture element out of the display signals that are input.