Abstract: A substrate processing method is provided. The substrate processing method comprises loading a substrate onto a substrate support inside a chamber, forming a plasma inside the chamber, providing a first DC pulse signal to an electromagnet that generates a magnetic field inside the chamber and processing the substrate with the plasma, wherein the first DC pulse signal is repeated at a first period including a first section and a second section subsequent to the first section, the first DC pulse signal has a first level during the first section, and the first DC pulse signal has a second level different from the first level during the second section.

Abstract: Unique compounds useful for inhibiting a proteasome in a cell, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of their use are provided herein.

Abstract: Unique compounds useful for inhibiting a proteasome in a cell, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of their use are provided herein.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprises: a memory cell array including a word line stack including word lines vertically stacked; and a sub word line driver block including sub word lines disposed below an end portion of the word line stack, wherein the word lines and the sub word lines extend in directions, respectively, crossing each other.

Abstract: Unique compounds useful for inhibiting a proteasome in a cell, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of their use are provided herein.

Abstract: Unique epoxyketone compounds useful for inhibiting a proteasome in a cell, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of their use are provided herein.

Abstract: An ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber composition for a sponge in a weather strip is provided. In the EPDM rubber composition free sulfur and 1,6-bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)-hexane (BDBzTH) are included in a EPDM rubber having a pattern viscosity (ML1+8 at 125° C.) value of 90 or more and a content of 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) of 9 wt % or more. The EPDM rubber composition can improve compression set and provides a solution to the persistent discoloration problem of the EPDM rubber. Provided herein are EPDM compositions that are useful as a material of a sponge section in a weather strip of a passenger car.

Abstract: An ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber composition for a sponge in a weather strip is provided. In the EPDM rubber composition free sulfur and 1,6-bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)-hexane (BDBzTH) are included in a EPDM rubber having a pattern viscosity (ML1+8 at 125° C.) value of 90 or more and a content of 5-ethylidene-2-norbornene (ENB) of 9 wt % or more. The EPDM rubber composition can improve compression set and provides a solution to the persistent discoloration problem of the EPDM rubber. Provided herein are EPDM compositions that are useful as a material of a sponge section in a weather strip of a passenger car.

Abstract: A method for laser heat treatment of high tensile steel is provided to improve for improving formability. The method includes performing a heat treatment by irradiating a surface of a high tensile steel blank that includes a martensite structure and a ferrite structure with a laser to decrease a fraction of the martensite structure and increase a fraction of the ferrite structure. In addition, the method includes slowly cooling the blank to temper or anneal the heat-treated blank and subjecting the cooled blank to cold press forming.

Abstract: A method of locally softening collision components of a vehicle is provided. The method of includes generating a high frequency using a high-frequency generator, and extracting a final frequency and matched output using the high frequency through a control box including a capacitor and an inductor. The heat treatment portions of the component are locally softened by heating the heat treatment portions at temperature of about 400 to 550° C., by generating induced current using the final frequency and the matched output through a high-frequency coil.

Abstract: Compounds useful for inhibiting the immunoproteasome have the formula of Methods and compounds for inhibiting the immunoproteasome, particularly, immunoproteasome inhibitors with non-peptide scaffolds, are described.

Abstract: The presently-disclosed subject matter includes compounds including a cyclooxygenase enzyme inhibitor moiety and a moiety derived from a drug of interest. In some embodiments, the drug of interest is an opioid. In some embodiments, the compound includes a diclofenac moiety and a naltrexone or naltrexol moiety. The compounds allow for enhanced delivery rates across skin.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a semiconductor device with a structural stability. The semiconductor device includes a stack of vertical alterations of conductive layers and insulating layers; supports passing through the stack, each of the supports having a cross-section of an equilateral polygon, the supports being equidistantly arranged in a first direction and a second direction, the first and second directions crossing each other; and contact plugs electrically coupled respectively to the conductive layers, each of the contact plugs being disposed between at least two adjacent supports of the supports.

Abstract: Compounds useful for inhibiting the immunoproteasome have the formula of Methods and compounds for inhibiting the immunoproteasome, particularly, immunoproteasome inhibitors with non-peptide scaffolds, are described.

Abstract: Compounds of formula (I) are useful for inhibiting a proteasome in a cell. Compounds, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use are provided herein.

Abstract: Disclosed are a preparation method of a steel product capable of local reinforcement using laser heat treatment, and a heat hardened steel used in the method. According to the present invention, the preparation method of a steel part comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a material comprising 0.1-0.5 wt % of C, 0.1-0.5 wt % of Si, 0.5-3.0 wt % of Mn, 0.1 wt % or less of P, 0.05 wt % or less of S, 0.01-1.0 wt % of Cr, 0.1 wt % or less of Al, 0.2 wt % or less of Ti, 0.0005-0.08 wt % of B, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; (b) preparing a formed product by forming the material into a predetermined shape; and (c) locally reinforcing the high strength portion by carrying out laser heat treatment on a portion requiring high strength at the formed product.

Abstract: A method for laser heat treatment of high tensile steel is provided to improve for improving formability. The method includes performing a heat treatment by irradiating a surface of a high tensile steel blank that includes a martensite structure and a ferrite structure with a laser to decrease a fraction of the martensite structure and increase a fraction of the ferrite structure. In addition, the method includes slowly cooling the blank to temper or anneal the heat-treated blank and subjecting the cooled blank to cold press forming.

Abstract: Disclosed are a preparation method of a steel product capable of local reinforcement using laser heat treatment, and a heat hardened steel used in the method. According to the present invention, the preparation method of a steel part comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a material comprising 0.1-0.5 wt % of C, 0.1-0.5 wt % of Si, 0.5-3.0 wt % of Mn, 0.1 wt % or less of P, 0.05 wt % or less of S, 0.01-1.0 wt % of Cr, 0.1 wt % or less of Al, 0.2 wt % or less of Ti, 0.0005-0.08 wt % of B, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; (b) preparing a formed product by forming the material into a predetermined shape; and (c) locally reinforcing the high strength portion by carrying out laser heat treatment on a portion requiring high strength at the formed product.

Abstract: Novel withanolide chemical genetic probes identify the in vivo binding target of withaferin A, which is the intermediate filament type III protein vimentin. In addition, a withanolide-based small molecule screening method screens drug candidates that target intermediate filament type III proteins. The method includes introducing a tagged linker covalently bonded to the withanolide molecule to form a withanolide probe. Better or alternative small molecule compounds as potential drug candidates can be generated based on their likely affinity for the determined binding site in vimentin. The affinity labeled withanolide can also be used to find intermediate filament-associated proteins using chemical proteomics by extracting proteins from cells that were exposed to withanolide-biotin analog. The withanolide probes can be used to monitor expression of vimentin, in tumor samples or other diseased tissues.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a hard mask pattern over a substrate, forming an isolation layer for defining an active region by using the hard mask pattern, forming a buried gate in and across the active region and the isolation layer over the substrate, forming an inter-layer dielectric layer over the substrate, forming a storage node contact hole that exposes the hard mask pattern by selectively etching the inter-layer dielectric layer, extending the storage node contact hole to expose the active region by removing the hard mask pattern exposed under the storage node contact hole, and forming a storage node contact plug that fills the extended storage node contact hole.