Abstract: A method for removing a ceramic coating from a substrate is presented. The method includes contacting the ceramic coating with a composition including a fluoride source and nitric acid. A method of forming a component having a variation in saturation magnetization is presented. The method includes masking selected portions of a surface of a metallic component using a ceramic coating to form a masked metallic component; selectively diffusing nitrogen into the metallic component by exposing the masked metallic component to a nitrogen-rich atmosphere; and removing the ceramic coating from the surface of the metallic component by contacting the ceramic coating with a composition including the fluoride source and nitric acid.

Abstract: A method for removing a ceramic coating from a substrate is presented. The method includes contacting the ceramic coating with a composition including a fluoride source and nitric acid. A method of forming a component having a variation in saturation magnetization is presented. The method includes masking selected portions of a surface of a metallic component using a ceramic coating to form a masked metallic component; selectively diffusing nitrogen into the metallic component by exposing the masked metallic component to a nitrogen-rich atmosphere; and removing the ceramic coating from the surface of the metallic component by contacting the ceramic coating with a composition including the fluoride source and nitric acid.

Abstract: A reactor having an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and providing a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3??. 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: A surface of an article is modified by aluminizing an initial surface at a first temperature to form a first aluminized layer and a sublayer, removing at least a portion of the first aluminized layer, aluminizing the sublayer at a second temperature to form a second aluminized layer, and finally removing at least a portion of the second aluminized layer to form a processed surface. The second temperature is less than the first temperature and a roughness of the processed surface is less than the roughness of the initial surface.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula : AaBbCcDd03-?. 0<a<1.2, G?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, O<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An apparatus has a surface exposable to a byproduct carbonaceous material formation environment and comprising a perovskite material having an ABO3 perovskite structure and being of formula AaBbO3-?, wherein 0.9<a?1.2; 0.9<b?1.2; ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: An article for high temperature service is presented. The article includes a substrate and a thermal barrier coating disposed on the substrate. The thermal barrier coating includes a plurality of aluminum-based particles dispersed in an inorganic binder, wherein the aluminum-based particles are substantially spaced apart from each other via the inorganic binder such that the thermal barrier coating is substantially electrically and thermally insulating. Method of making the article is also presented.

Abstract: A method for cracking hydrocarbon, comprises: providing steam and hydrocarbon; and feeding steam and hydrocarbon into a reactor accessible to hydrocarbon and comprising a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3??, wherein 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.

Abstract: A surface treatment method includes: contacting a substrate with a treatment material, the substrate comprising a metallic element, the treatment material comprising an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof; and forming on the substrate a surface layer comprising a first oxide of the alkaline earth metal element, the alkali metal element, or any combination thereof and a second oxide of the metallic element. A device has: a substrate layer comprising a metallic element; and a surface layer comprising a first oxide of an alkaline earth metal element, an alkali metal element, or any combination thereof, and a second oxide of the metallic element.

Abstract: A method includes forming one or more oxide barrier layers on one or more protected portions of a magnetic, metallic body, and converting one or more unprotected portions of the magnetic, metallic body to a less magnetic material by exposing the magnetic metallic body having the one or more oxide barrier layers formed thereon to nitrogen. One or more protected portions of the magnetic, metallic body that are beneath the one or more oxide barrier layers are not converted to the less magnetic material. The method can be used to form one or more layers of a laminated electric motor.

Abstract: A pump for an oil and gas well includes a barrel with a surface configured to contact oil and gas well fluid. The pump further includes a first coating formed on at least a portion of the barrel surface. The first coating includes a combination of diamond particles and a composition including nickel and phosphorous. The pump also includes a plunger with a surface configured to contact oil and gas well fluid. The pump additionally includes a second coating formed on at least a portion of the plunger surface. The second coating includes a combination of tungsten carbide particles and a composition including cobalt and chromium.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to coating compositions for forming diffusion coatings on metal-based substrates. The coating compositions may include a metal powder, an inorganic salt, an activator, and a binder. The present invention is also directed to processes for forming diffusion coatings on metal-based substrates using the disclosed coating compositions.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula: AaBbCcDd03??. 0<a<1.2, G?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, O<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: An article including a metal substrate, an anti-coking catalyst layer and an alumina barrier layer disposed between the metal substrate and the anti-coking catalyst layer is provided. A process for making the article is also provided.

Abstract: A composition includes molybdenum disulfide, epoxy binder, and 0.01 to 3 wt % lead. The composition is useful, for example, as dry film lubricant.

Abstract: A gasification component for use in a gasification environment includes a metal-based substrate and a coating deposited on the metal-based substrate. The coating includes at least about 51% by weight of chromium in the alpha phase at an operating temperature of gasification.

Abstract: A reactor has an inner surface accessible to the hydrocarbon and comprising a sintered product of at least one of cerium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, boehmite and silicon dioxide, and a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3-?. 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.5. A is selected from calcium, strontium, barium, and any combination thereof. B is selected from lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and any combination thereof. C is selected from cerium, zirconium, antimony, praseodymium, titanium, chromium, manganese, ferrum, cobalt, nickel, gallium, tin, terbium and any combination thereof.

Abstract: A pump for an oil and gas well includes a barrel with a surface configured to contact oil and gas well fluid. The pump further includes a first coating formed on at least a portion of the barrel surface. The first coating includes a combination of diamond particles and a composition including nickel and phosphorous. The pump also includes a plunger with a surface configured to contact oil and gas well fluid. The pump additionally includes a second coating formed on at least a portion of the plunger surface. The second coating includes a combination of tungsten carbide particles and a composition including cobalt and chromium.

Abstract: A centrifugal pump component for an oil and gas well pump includes a substrate with an outer surface configured to contact oil and gas well fluid. The component further includes a coating formed on at least a portion of the outer surface. The coating includes a combination of hard particles and a metal matrix.

Abstract: A method for cracking hydrocarbon, comprises: providing steam and hydrocarbon; and feeding steam and hydrocarbon into a reactor accessible to hydrocarbon and comprising a perovskite material of formula AaBbCcDdO3-?, wherein 0<a<1.2, 0?b?1.2, 0.9<a+b?1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0?d?1.2, 0.9<c+d?1.2, ?0.5<?<0.