Abstract: The embodiments relate to methods for encoding and decoding, and technical equipment for the same. The method for encoding includes obtaining two or more representations of volumetric media content, each of the two or more representations of volumetric media content including multiple media component bitstreams; identifying a relationship between the two or more representations; generating a description file containing a media component description for each media component bitstream; group descriptions grouping the media component descriptions for each media component bitstream; grouping information descriptions providing information on the identified relationship between group descriptions representing representations. The description file is provided to a receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising circuitry configured to: segment, for a frame of three-dimensional object data, a mesh of the three-dimensional object data into at least one patch; determine contours of the at least one patch, wherein the contours of the at least one patch comprise at least one vertex having at least one connected neighboring vertex belonging to another patch, or at least one vertex on a border of the mesh; generate a contour mesh of the three-dimensional object data using the contours of the at least one patch, wherein the contour mesh comprises a plurality of the at least one patch; and encode the contour mesh of the three-dimensional object data into a bitstream using a coding method.

Abstract: An apparatus performs an encoding process including: obtaining a mesh representation of a 3D object; segmenting the mesh representation into 2D projections; reconstructing a 3D mesh from the segmented 2D projections by stitching reconstructed patches, the patches being submeshes of the reconstructed 3D mesh, the stitching performing border fusion based at least on curvature of the patches, to derive parameters for the stitching; and encoding the segmented 2D projections into a bitstream. The apparatus signals the parameters in or along with the bitstream and transmits. An apparatus performing decoding receives the bitstream and signaled parameters, reconstructs a 3D mesh from the segmented 2D projections, and stitches reconstructed submeshes created during the reconstruction together at least as patches, the stitching using the signaled parameters to fuse together pairs of vertices for borders of corresponding patches. The apparatus outputs a modified 3D mesh based at least on the stitching.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising circuitry configured to: receive as input a three-dimensional mesh represented as at least one geometry patch of an atlas and at least one texture patch of the atlas; create an occupancy map that indicates which pixels of the at least one geometry patch and the at least one texture patch are occupied having a valid value; wherein the occupancy map is configured to be used to reconstruct the mesh; enter lossy mode; apply, while in lossy mode, an adaptive smoothing filter algorithm to the occupancy map to discard at least one edge of the occupancy map, and to reduce a bitrate for transmission of the occupancy map; store, while in lossy mode, the adaptively smoothed occupancy map and at least one occupancy filter threshold; and encode the adaptively smoothed occupancy map and the at least one occupancy filter threshold into a bitstream.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising circuitry configured to: obtain a three-dimensional model comprising at least one patch, at least one geometry component, at least one occupancy component, and zero or more texture components; subsample the at least one geometry component of the at least one patch of a three-dimensional object at occupied positions using a subsampling criterion; define respective search windows around the respective occupied positions; select respective salient points relative to the respective occupied positions within the respective search windows; triangulate the salient points to approximate a shape of the three-dimensional object; detect zero or more triangles that overlap with at least one unoccupied pixel; split the zero or more triangles that overlap with at least one unoccupied pixel until no triangle overlaps with the unoccupied pixels; and add zero or more additional triangles close to a border of the three-dimensional object to generate a resulting mesh signaled to a decoder.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising circuitry configured to: receive scalability information, the scalability information comprising a number of at least one layer of a three-dimensional object, and at least one sampling rate for the layer; subsample a geometry component of a patch of the three-dimensional object at occupied positions, based on the sampling rate for the layer; define respective search windows around the respective occupied positions; select respective salient points relative to the respective occupied positions within the respective search windows; triangulate the salient points to approximate a shape of a three-dimensional object; detect zero or more triangles that overlap with at least one unoccupied pixel; split the zero or more triangles that overlap with at least one unoccupied pixel until no triangle overlaps with the unoccupied pixels; and add zero or more additional triangles close to a border of the three-dimensional object to generate a resulting mesh for the layer.

Abstract: An apparatus obtains a mesh representation of a 3D object, and performs an encoding process: segmenting the 3D object into 2D projections; encoding the segmented 2D projections into a bitstream; reconstructing a 3D mesh from the segmented and encoded 2D projections; deriving an error vector, describing a shift between 3D data, from patches reconstructed from corresponding encoded patches of the bitstream, and original data in the mesh representation. The patches are submeshes of the reconstructed 3D mesh. The apparatus signals and transmits the error vector in or along with the bitstream. A decoder apparatus receives these and performs a decoding process to form decoded 2D projections of the mesh representation, reconstructs a 3D mesh from decoded 2D projections, applies the patch correction vector elements from the error vector in the decoding process or the reconstructing, produces a modified 3D mesh, as an output mesh and outputs the output mesh.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus and a method for spatial computing service session description for volumetric XR conversation. In accordance an embodiment the method comprises receiving volumetric video from a plurality of sources, the volumetric video data comprising color images and depth images representing at least a part of a scene; determining which of the plurality of sources belong to a same group; selecting a group identifier for the group; associating the volumetric video with the group identifier indicative of from which group the volumetric video data is received; associating the volumetric video with a source identifier indicative of from which source of the group the volumetric video data is received; associating the color image of the volumetric video with a color data identifier; and associating the depth image of the volumetric video with a depth data identifier.

Abstract: Apparatuses, methods, and computer programs are disclosed to implement video-based cloud compression model to world signaling. An example apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: provide first signaling information comprising information related to a world domain, wherein the world domain is a point cloud frame that is represented by a number of points in a first volumetric coordinate system; and provide second signaling information comprising information related to a conversion of a model domain to the world domain, wherein the model domain represents the point cloud frame by a number of points in a second volumetric coordinate system.

Abstract: An apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: provide an animation timing extension; wherein the animation timing extension links a graphics library transmission format animation to timed metadata and a metadata track of the timed metadata; wherein the metadata track of the timed metadata is listed with an object associated with moving picture media; and align at least one timeline of the moving picture media with at least one timeline of the graphics library transmission format animation; wherein a sample of the metadata track is used to manipulate an animation event.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method for encoding including receiving a sequence of volumetric video frames including a volumetric visual object being defined with a mesh of interconnected vertices; selecting one or more reference frames from the sequence of volumetric video frames for a group of pictures; clustering a mesh of the one or more reference frames into patches, each patch being associated with a corresponding bounding volume; creating matching patches in frames dependent on the reference frame; estimating scaling and rotation parameters for each individual patch in the dependent frame; applying the estimated scaling and rotation parameters to bounding volume of a patch of the dependent frames; packing the patches to an atlas bitstream of a volumetric video stream and including into a bitstream the estimated rotation parameter alongside the bounding volume of a patch. The embodiments also relate to a method for decoding, and corresponding equipment.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method comprising receiving as an input a volumetric video frame comprising volumetric video data (910); decomposing the volumetric video frame into one or more patches, wherein a patch comprises a volumetric video data component (920); packing several patches, where at least two patches of the several patches comprise a different volumetric video data component with respect to each other, into one video frame (930); generating a bitstream comprising an encoded video frame (940); signaling, in or along the bitstream, existence of encoded video frame containing patches of more than one different volumetric video data component (950); and transmitting the encoded bitstream to a storage for rendering (960). The embodiments also relate to a technical equipment for implementing the method.

Abstract: A method and technical equipment for encoding, where the method comprises at least receiving a video presentation frame, where the video presentation represents a three-dimensional data in the form of mesh data (810); separating from the mesh data information on vertices, wherein the information comprises at least connectivity data defining connections between vertices (820); determining parameters relating to said connectivity data (830); encoding the parameters to a first bitstream as a video component (840); and storing the encoded first bitstream for transmission to a rendering apparatus (850). In addition to encoding, also decoding is disclosed.

Abstract: There are disclosed various methods, apparatuses and computer program products for video encoding and decoding. In some embodiments the method for video encoding comprises obtaining compressed volumetric video data representing a three-dimensional scene or object (71); capsulating the compressed volumetric video data into a data structure (72); obtaining data of a two-dimensional projection of at least a part of the three-dimensional scene as seen from a certain viewport (73); and including the data of the two-dimensional projection into the data structure (74).

Abstract: A method comprising: providing a 3D representation of at least one object as an input for an encoder (500); projecting the 3D representation onto at least one 2D patch (502); generating at least a geometry image and a texture image from the 2D patch (504); generating, based on the geometry image, a mesh comprising a number of vertices (506); mapping the number of vertices to two- dimensional (2D) coordinates of the texture image (508); and signalling said 2D coordinates of the texture image to be applied to the number of vertices of the mesh in or along a bitstream (510).

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to: transmit, to a client, an indication of one or more request-response overload capabilities; receive, from the client, at least one request for a plurality of media segments based, at least partially, on the indication of the one or more request-response overload capabilities; and transmit, to the client, at least one response comprising the plurality of media segments. The apparatus may be, for example, a media server, an HTTP overload handler, an edge server, a DANE, etc.

Abstract: An apparatus may be configured to: transmit, to a client, an indication of one or more request-response overload capabilities; receive, from the client, at least one request for a plurality of media segments based, at least partially, on the indication of the one or more request-response overload capabilities; and transmit, to the client, at least one response comprising the plurality of media segments. The apparatus may be, for example, a media server, an HTTP overload handler, an edge server, a DANE, etc.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide an apparatus, a method, and a computer program product. The apparatus includes at least one processor; and at least one non-transitory memory including computer program code; wherein the at least one memory and the computer program code are configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to perform: define or utilize file format syntax elements to indicate samples comprising at least one of: one or more description documents, wherein the one or more description documents comprise 3 dimensional information; or one or more updates to at least one description document of the one or more description documents; and define or utilize the file format syntax elements to indicate a relationship between samples containing the one or more description document and update information to the samples.

Abstract: A method comprising: authoring a plurality of sets of media tracks comprising at least a first set of media tracks and a second set of media tracks into a media file format, wherein a subset of tracks of the first set comprises alternate data for each other and a subset of tracks of the second set comprises alternate data for each other; and including, in or along a bitstream comprising a media file including or inferring said media tracks, an indication that said subset of tracks of the first set are alternatives to each other and said subset of tracks of the second set are alternatives to each other upon playback of the media tracks.

Abstract: A method comprising: writing, in a container file, a first video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC) bitstream and a second V-PCC bitstream, wherein said first and second V-PCC bitstreams are associated with a common group based on at least one logical context; writing, in the container file, an indication about the common group between the first V-PCC bitstream and the second V-PCC bitstream; generating a media presentation description (MPD) file with a first representation belonging to a first adaptation set associated with the first V-PCC bitstream and a second representation belonging to a second adaptation set associated with the second V-PCC bitstream; and writing, in the MPD file, at least one information element describing grouping information of the first representation belonging to the first adaptation set and the second representation belonging to the second adaptation set, wherein said information element is provided with at least one attribute indicating that said first and second V-PCC bitstre