Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for a receiver to determine a quality of orthogonality of received polarized signals by monitoring polarized reference signals RSc,j which either change polarization with time or are aligned with polarized data signals. Depending on the quality, multiplexing may change between polarization division multiplexing and spatial division multiplexing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of operating a user equipment, UE device in communication with a non-terrestrial communication system comprising a plurality of transmission points, the method comprising in the UE device triggering a transmission of a measurement report dependent on a measurement by the UE device of a received signal parameter of a signal received from a transmission point of the system and a comparison of the measured parameter with a threshold, the threshold varying according to a predetermined function dependent on an expected position of the UE device with respect to the transmission point.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of determining a transmission power for device to device, D2D, transmissions between a first user equipment device and a second user equipment device using transmission resources being used for transmissions to a cellular network entity by a third user equipment device, the method comprising determining a measure of a path loss between the cellular network entity and the first user equipment device, and using the measure of the path loss to determine a maximum transmission power such that the D2D transmissions are received at the cellular network entity with a signal level around or below a noise level.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of performing by a UE device a random access attempt in a communication system comprising at least one non-terrestrial transmission station, the method comprising receiving reference signals transmitted by the non-terrestrial transmission station; determining from the received reference signals a trip time between the UE device and the non-terrestrial transmission station; and using the trip time to control the random access attempt.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of transferring resource control unit operational control functionality within a single frequency network, in which multiple transmission points transmit identical downlink data packets in a synchronized manner, from a first node to a second node, the method comprising receiving at a resource control unit a set of resource control information from at least one candidate node; determining using the resource control information a suitability of the at least one candidate node to be the second node; and initiating transfer of the resource control unit operational control functionality from the first node to the second node.

Abstract: A method of reducing interference in a mobile communication system is provided to reduce interference caused by a first user equipment, UE, device operating in a cell at a significantly higher altitude than other UE devices in the cell so as to cause interference. The method detects that the first UE device is operating at an altitude considered by the mobile communication system to be an extraordinary altitude and reduces interference caused by the first UE device operating at the extraordinary altitude by controlling the operation of the first UE device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for a receiver to determine a quality of orthogonality of received polarized signals by monitoring polarized reference signals RSc,j which either change polarization with time or are aligned with polarized data signals. Depending on the quality, multiplexing may change between polarization division multiplexing and spatial division multiplexing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of transmitting data to a receiving entity, the method comprising establishing a plurality of transmission channels to the receiving entity, the transmission channels being established using more than one radio access technology; for each transmission channel determining a buffer status of a data buffer containing data to be transmitted using that transmission channel; and determining if transmission capacity is available in a packet data unit of a first radio access technology and if such transmission capacity is available determining whether data may be taken from a data buffer of a transmission channel of a second radio access technology and transmitted to the receiving entity in the packet data unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of enabling a provision of public warning system, PWS, messages to a user equipment, UE, device via a non-3GPP radio network, the method comprising establishing an internet protocol security, IPSec, tunnel connection from the UE device to a non-3GPP interworking function, N3IWF, via a non-3GPP, N3GPP, radio access technology, requesting from a first core network, CN, entity a provision of public warning system, PWS, messages; and providing the first CN entity with information about a location of the UE device.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of operating a first relay-capable device in a communications network, the network including a base station and a plurality of relay-capable devices, including the first relay-capable device, which are each able to act as a relay device for connection of at least one communication device to the base station, the method comprising the first relay-capable device establishing a connection with a second relay-capable device acting as a relay device for the base station; the first relay-capable device transmitting to the second relay-capable device information providing a measurement of a suitability of the first relay-capable device to act as the relay device for the base station; and after receiving from the second relay-capable device an indication that the first relay-capable device should take over as the relay device for the base station, starting operation as the relay device for the base station.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of establishing a wireless communication link between two infrastructure nodes in a wireless communication system, the method comprising at a user equipment, UE, device receiving a link establishment request message transmitted by a first node; obtaining information relating to a position of the first node; and transmitting a message to a second node informing the second node of the position of the first node to assist in establishing the link between the first and second nodes.

Abstract: The invention provides a method for configuring a mobile relay node in a communications system wherein the method comprises the mobile relay node requesting location dependent configuration data from an infrastructure node of the communications system; the mobile relay station receiving from the infrastructure node said location dependent configuration data; and configuring radio transmission characteristics of the mobile relay node in accordance with the received location dependent configuration data.

Abstract: A method of enabling a provision of public warning system, PWS, messages to a user equipment, UE, device via a non-3GPP radio network including establishing an internet protocol security, IPSec, tunnel connection from the UE device to a non-3GPP interworking function, N3IWF, via a non-3GPP, N3GPP, radio access technology, requesting from a first core network, CN, entity a provision of public warning system, PWS, messages; and providing the first CN entity with information about a location of the UE device.

Abstract: A method for controlling access to a radio channel in a single frequency network in which multiple base stations transmit the same data simultaneously to a user equipment, UE device, includes a first plurality of base stations transmitting a set of random access parameters of the single frequency network. The method also includes a second plurality of base stations receiving a random access preamble transmitted by the UE device. The second plurality of base stations the same or a subset of the first. The method also includes transmitting responses to the random access preamble from a third plurality of bases stations. The third plurality of base stations the same as or a subset of the second. The method also includes a fourth plurality of base stations receiving a scheduled transmission in response to the responses. The fourth plurality of base stations the same as or a subset of the third.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of selecting an optimal communication routing between a UE and a core network wherein a plurality of differing communication paths are establishable between the UE and the network. Duplicate packets are transmitted over two communication paths and a latency difference determined between the two paths. This latency difference is used to select a communication path for subsequent communication.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of selecting a frequency band of a mobile communications network in which a user equipment, UE, device is to operate, the method comprising determining a charge status of a rechargeable power supply of the UE device; and dependent on the charge status, generating an indication that the UE device should, taking into account the charge status, preferably be set to operate in a frequency band having a lower attenuation coefficient than a second frequency band in which the UE device could be set to operate in.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of operating a user equipment, UE device in communication with a non-terrestrial communication system comprising a plurality of transmission points, the method comprising in the UE device triggering a transmission of a measurement report dependent on a measurement by the UE device of a received signal parameter of a signal received from a transmission point of the system and a comparison of the measured parameter with a threshold, the threshold varying according to a predetermined function dependent on an expected position of the UE device with respect to the transmission point.

Abstract: A method of providing feedback from a plurality of base stations of a single frequency network to a user equipment device to indicate if a data transmission has been received successfully, wherein a positive acknowledgement of successful receipt is transmitted using a first feedback resource and a negative acknowledgement of unsuccessful receipt is transmitted using a second feedback resource, the first and second feedback resources being mutually orthogonal.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of operating a radio communications system first communication device, the method comprising identifying a position of an object which may comprise at least one second communication device by processing electromagnetic radiation emanating passively from the object; steering at least one of a receive beam and a transmit beam towards the object; and determining whether the object comprises at least one second communication device attempting to establish a radio communication with the first communication device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a mechanism for controlling a connection to a second PLMN via a first PLMN when a connection between user equipment and the first PLMN is no longer carrying user data. Either the first PLMN or the user equipment may determine whether the connection to the second PLMN should be released.