Abstract: A volumetric-image forming system comprises an optical image-forming means 15 and a volumetric display apparatus 17, the optical image-forming means 15 having light-transmitting and plate-like first and second reflecting members 13 and 14 respectively provided with belt-like first and second reflecting surfaces 11 and 12, the first and second reflecting surfaces 11 and 12 being arranged perpendicular to a plate surface and in parallel at a constant pitch, the first and second reflecting surfaces further being arranged crossing one another, the volumetric display apparatus 17 being arranged in the back side of the optical image-forming means 15 and displaying a luminous volumetric image A in a resting or dynamic state inside a display apparatus 16 from electronic data, whereby a volumetric image A inside the display apparatus 16 is formed as a volumetric image B in a free space in the front side of the optical image-forming means 15.

Abstract: A valve timing controller includes a lock mechanism that locks a rotation phase at a main lock phase when an internal combustion engine is started with an ambient temperature more than or equal to a preset temperature. The main lock phase represents a rotation phase set for closing an intake valve at a later timing later than a timing when a piston reaches a bottom dead center of a cylinder in the internal combustion engine. The lock mechanism locks the rotation phase at a sub lock phase representing a rotation phase advanced rather than the main lock phase in the internal combustion engine when the internal combustion engine is started with an ambient temperature lower than the present temperature.

Abstract: An optical imaging apparatus 10 disposing the first and the second reflective components 12, 14 abutting to or in proximity to each other when reflective surfaces 11, 13 of the first and the second reflective components 12, 14 are crossed when viewed from thereabove, the first and the second reflective components 12, 14 composed of the transparent material with a plurality of belt-shaped reflective surfaces 11, 13 vertically disposed in parallel, wherein the first and the second reflective components 12, 14 are formed with a plurality of reflectors 15-18 laminated respectively and the places of the reflective surfaces 11, 13 of each reflector 15-18 of the first and the second reflective components 12, 14 are shifted in parallel. Thus, high definition three-dimensional real image is formed inexpensively in a space a plurality of observers gaze simultaneously.

Abstract: An EGR control device is provided in a branched-off pipe portion of a recirculation pipe unit. The EGR control valve is opened during an exhaust gas recirculation period, which is a part of a valve-opening period of an intake valve, so that exhaust gas is re-circulated into a combustion chamber during the exhaust gas recirculation period. As a result, swirl flow of the re-circulated exhaust gas to be formed in the combustion chamber is increased to improve ignitionability and to facilitate combustion of air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: A sealing structure has a permanent magnet and a magnetic-flux guiding member for guiding magnetic flux of the permanent magnet to a brake shaft of a brake rotating member. The magnetic-flux guiding member surrounds an outer periphery of the brake shaft so as to form a sealing gap around the brake shaft. The sealing gap is communicated to a fluid chamber, in which magnetic viscous fluid is filled. A fluid sealing member is provided at the brake shaft at a housing outer side of the magnetic-flux guiding member to form an intermediate fluid chamber, in which an intermediate fluid made of non-magnetic liquid is filled.

Abstract: An optical imaging apparatus operable to form a sharp stereo image in the air beside an observer, includes a flat plate-shaped light-controlling panel having numerous light-reflecting elements disposed side by side, each of which allowing light from the object to pass therethrough by reflecting the light by a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface disposed in a crossed arrangement with respect to the first reflective surface, wherein the light-controlling panel has a plurality of segment light-controlling panels in which the first reflective surfaces and the second reflective surfaces included are parallel, respectively, centerlines P of the respective segment light-controlling panels, when viewed from thereabove, intersect at a point O on the light-controlling panel, and bisectors which bisect crossing angles between the first and the second reflective surfaces of the light-reflecting elements existing on the centerlines P coincide with the centerlines P when viewed from thereabove.

Abstract: A main lock member is fitted in a main lock bore at a main lock phase for closing an intake valve at a timing later than a timing when a piston reaches a bottom dead center, whereby a rotation phase is locked. In a subordinate lock mechanism, the rotation phase is locked at a subordinate lock phase advancing further than the main lock phase. In a lock control mechanism, a temperature sensing body is changed to an expanded state, whereby a moving member is latched at a first position in which the main lock member is allowed to be fitted in the main lock bore, whereas at a main lock phase in a cold stop state after a timing when the temperature of the stopped internal combustion engine becomes less than a preset temperature, the temperature sensing body is changed to a contracted state.

Abstract: A fluid brake device has a case defining a fluid chamber. Magneto-rheological fluid is contained in the fluid chamber. A brake member is rotatably supported on the case and receives a braking torque according to the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid. The device has a movable member driven by a thermo-sensitive wax so that a volume of the fluid chamber is increased as the temperature in the fluid chamber is increased. The movable member is driven to maintain a pressure in the fluid chamber within an allowable range when the temperature in the fluid chamber is changed.

Abstract: A fluid brake device has a rotor having a brake shaft penetrating a case to come into contact with magnetic viscosity fluid. A sealing sleeve is arranged to surround the brake shaft, and a seal gap is defined between the sealing sleeve and the brake shaft and communicates with a fluid chamber. The sealing sleeve has a flux guide that guides magnetic flux to the brake shaft through the seal gap. The brake shaft has a magnetic shaft extending in an axis direction, and a regulation layer that regulates the magnetic flux from passing by covering an outer circumference surface of the magnetic shaft. The brake shaft has an exposing part opposing to the magnetic flux guide, and the exposing part of the brake shaft is exposed from the regulation layer.

Abstract: An optical imaging apparatus operable to form a sharp stereo image in the air beside an observer, includes a flat plate-shaped light-controlling panel having numerous light-reflecting elements disposed side by side, each of which allowing light from the object to pass therethrough by reflecting the light by a first reflective surface and a second reflective surface disposed in a crossed arrangement with respect to the first reflective surface, wherein the light-controlling panel has a plurality of segment light-controlling panels in which the first reflective surfaces and the second reflective surfaces included are parallel, respectively, centerlines P of the respective segment light-controlling panels, when viewed from thereabove, intersect at a point O on the light-controlling panel, and bisectors which bisect crossing angles between the first and the second reflective surfaces of the light-reflecting elements existing on the centerlines P coincide with the centerlines P when viewed from thereabove.

Abstract: A fluid brake device has a brake shaft which penetrates a case. The case provides a fluid chamber for a magneto-rheological fluid. A magnetic seal has a magnetic seal sleeve which holds a small amount of the magneto-rheological fluid by magnetic flux. In addition to the magnetic seal, an axially pumping element is provided on an axial outside of the magnetic seal. The axially pumping element is provided by a shaft helical groove formed on an opposing wall of the brake shaft and/or a case helical groove formed on a surrounding wall. As the brake shaft rotates, the helical groove pushes the magneto-rheological fluid back to the magnetic seal. A combination of the magnetic seal and the axially pumping element may reduce leakage of the magneto-rheological fluid.

Abstract: A fluid brake device has a rotor having a brake shaft penetrating a case to come into contact with magnetic viscosity fluid. A sealing sleeve is arranged to surround the brake shaft, and a seal gap is defined between the sealing sleeve and the brake shaft and communicates with a fluid chamber. The sealing sleeve has a flux guide that guides magnetic flux to the brake shaft through the seal gap. The brake shaft has a magnetic shaft extending in an axis direction, and a regulation layer that regulates the magnetic flux from passing by covering an outer circumference surface of the magnetic shaft. The brake shaft has an exposing part opposing to the magnetic flux guide, and the exposing part of the brake shaft is exposed from the regulation layer.

Abstract: A fluid brake device has a case defining a fluid chamber. Magneto-rheological fluid is contained in the fluid chamber. A brake member is rotatably supported on the case and receives a braking torque according to the viscosity of the magneto-rheological fluid. The device has a movable member driven by a thermo-sensitive wax so that a volume of the fluid chamber is increased as the temperature in the fluid chamber is increased. The movable member is driven to maintain a pressure in the fluid chamber within an allowable range when the temperature in the fluid chamber is changed.

Abstract: A communication passage for generating braking negative pressure is connected to an air passage for respective cylinders at a downstream side of a throttle valve. An air ejector is provided in a negative pressure pipe, to which communication passages for the respective cylinders are converged. A negative pressure passage for a brake booster is connected to the air ejector at a side of suction gas via a check valve. A passage for PCV gas and an intake air branched passage for bifurcating a part of the intake air from a surge tank at an upstream side of the throttle valve are connected to a driving gas side of the air ejector, wherein a negative pressure control valve is provided in the intake air branched passage. The PCV gas and the part of the intake air are forced to flow into the driving gas side of the air ejector, so that the air ejector functions as a vacuum pump. As a result, the braking negative pressure for the brake booster can be surely reduced to a target negative pressure.

Abstract: An EGR control device is provided in a branched-off pipe portion of a recirculation pipe unit. The EGR control valve is opened during an exhaust gas recirculation period, which is a part of a valve-opening period of an intake valve, so that exhaust gas is re-circulated into a combustion chamber during the exhaust gas recirculation period. As a result, swirl flow of the re-circulated exhaust gas to be formed in the combustion chamber is increased to improve ignitionability and to facilitate combustion of air-fuel mixture.

Abstract: An intake manifold includes a surge tank, a connection pipe and a membrane-type resonator. The surge tank distributes an intake air supplied through a throttle device into a combustion chamber of an engine. The connection pipe is disposed at an upstream side of the surge tank so as to be connected to the throttle device. The membrane-type resonator has a membrane for defining a chamber separated from the surge tank, and the membrane vibrates to be resonant with the intake air. The connection pipe and the chamber of the membrane-type resonator communicate with each other.

Abstract: An air-intake device having a noise reduction mechanism includes a surge tank connected to an intake manifold for introducing intake air into an internal combustion engine, an air duct connected to an upstream end of the surge tank and a resonator connected to the surge tank and the air duct. The resonator forms a resonator chamber connected to both the surge tank and the air duct. The surge tank is separated from the resonator chamber by a first vibrating member, and the air duct is separated from the resonator chamber by a second vibrating member. The noises in the surge tank are offset or reduced by resonating vibrations of the first vibrating member, and the noises in the air duct are offset or reduced by resonating vibrations of the second vibrating member. Thus, the intake air noises are effectively reduced by a simple combination of the resonator and the vibrating members.

Abstract: A communication passage for generating braking negative pressure is connected to an air passage for respective cylinders at a downstream side of a throttle valve. An air ejector is provided in a negative pressure pipe, to which communication passages for the respective cylinders are converged. A negative pressure passage for a brake booster is connected to the air ejector at a side of suction gas via a check valve. A passage for PCV gas and an intake air branched passage for bifurcating a part of the intake air from a surge tank at an upstream side of the throttle valve are connected to a driving gas side of the air ejector, wherein a negative pressure control valve is provided in the intake air branched passage. The PCV gas and the part of the intake air are forced to flow into the driving gas side of the air ejector, so that the air ejector functions as a vacuum pump. As a result, the braking negative pressure for the brake booster can be surely reduced to a target negative pressure.

Abstract: A resonator is connected with an intake air pipe and forms a resonant chamber therein. The resonator includes a diaphragm, which is generally planar and is disposed between an air passage of the intake air pipe and the resonant chamber. The diaphragm forms multiple oscillation sections, which have different eigenfrequencies, respectively.

Abstract: An air-intake device having a noise reduction mechanism includes a surge tank connected to an intake manifold for introducing intake air into an internal combustion engine, an air duct connected to an upstream end of the surge tank and a resonator connected to the surge tank and the air duct. The resonator forms a resonator chamber connected to both the surge tank and the air duct. The surge tank is separated from the resonator chamber by a first vibrating member, and the air duct is separated from the resonator chamber by a second vibrating member. The noises in the surge tank are offset or reduced by resonating vibrations of the first vibrating member, and the noises in the air duct are offset or reduced by resonating vibrations of the second vibrating member. Thus, the intake air noises are effectively reduced by a simple combination of the resonator and the vibrating members.