Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying RF energy to determine a processing state of an object placed in a cavity, during processing of the object. The method includes applying RF energy to the object during the processing via at least one radiating element, receiving RF feedback from in or around the cavity, said RF feedback being indicative of a dielectric response of the cavity and/or the object to electromagnetic (EM) fields excited in the cavity, mathematically manipulating the RF feedback to obtain computed RF feedback, determining one or more processing states of the object based on a correlation between the computed RF feedback and the one or more processing states of the object, and monitoring the computed RF feedback during the applying to monitor the one or more processing states of the object.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing an object includes a cavity for receiving therein the object. A plurality of processing antennas are configured to coherently feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by a processing RF source. A memory stores processing instructions for each object from a given group of objects. A user interface is configured to receive identification of an object to be processed from a user. A processor is configured to receive from the interface indication of the identification of the object, select a processing instruction based on the indication, and control the processing RF source to radiate according to the selected processing instruction. The energy processing instruction includes a plurality of excitation setups, each excitation setup of said plurality of excitation setups including amplitudes, each of which is associated with one of the plurality of antennas, and one or more phase differences associated with each two antennas associated with non-zero amplitudes.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying RF energy to determine a processing state of an object placed in a cavity, during processing of the object. The method includes applying RF energy to the object during the processing via at least one radiating element, receiving RF feedback from in or around the cavity, said RF feedback being indicative of a dielectric response of the cavity and/or the object to electromagnetic (EM) fields excited in the cavity, mathematically manipulating the RF feedback to obtain computed RF feedback, determining one or more processing states of the object based on a correlation between the computed RF feedback and the one or more processing states of the object, and monitoring the computed RF feedback during the applying to monitor the one or more processing states of the object.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing an object includes a cavity for receiving therein the object. A plurality of processing antennas are configured to coherently feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by a processing RF source. A memory stores processing instructions for each object from a given group of objects. A user interface is configured to receive identification of an object to be processed from a user. A processor is configured to receive from the interface indication of the identification of the object, select a processing instruction based on the indication, and control the processing RF source to radiate according to the selected processing instruction. The energy processing instruction includes a plurality of excitation setups, each excitation setup of said plurality of excitation setups including amplitudes, each of which is associated with one of the plurality of antennas, and one or more phase differences associated with each two antennas associated with non-zero amplitudes.

Abstract: A disclosed apparatus for sensing and processing an object in a cavity (104) comprises a sensing RF source (110) and a sensing antenna (112), and a processing RF source (120) and a processing antenna (122). The sensing RF source is configured to generate low power RF radiation at a first frequency range and the sensing antenna is configured to feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by the low power RF source. The processing RF source is configured to generate high power RF radiation at a second frequency range, and the processing antenna is configured to feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by the processing RF source. A protecting system (130) configured to protect the sensing RF source from RF radiation generated by the processing RF source may be provided.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for applying RF energy to determine a processing state of an object placed in a cavity, during processing of the object. The method includes applying RF energy to the object during the processing via at least one radiating element, receiving RF feedback from in or around the cavity, said RF feedback being indicative of a dielectric response of the cavity and/or the object to electromagnetic (EM) fields excited in the cavity, mathematically manipulating the RF feedback to obtain computed RF feedback, determining one or more processing states of the object based on a correlation between the computed RF feedback and the one or more processing states of the object, and monitoring the computed RF feedback during the applying to monitor the one or more processing states of the object.

Abstract: A method for applying RF energy to detect a processing state of an object placed in an energy application zone, during processing of the object, may include applying RF energy to the object during processing. The method may also include receiving computed RF feedback, correlated with one or more processing states of the object; and monitoring the computed RF feedback during the processing to detect the one or more processing states of the object.

Abstract: A disclosed apparatus for sensing and processing an object in a cavity (104) comprises a sensing RF source (110) and a sensing antenna (112), and a processing RF source (120) and a processing antenna (122). The sensing RF source is configured to generate low power RF radiation at a first frequency range and the sensing antenna is configured to feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by the low power RF source. The processing RF source is configured to generate high power RF radiation at a second frequency range, and the processing antenna is configured to feed the cavity with RF radiation generated by the processing RF source. A protecting system (130) configured to protect the sensing RF source from RF radiation generated by the processing RF source may be provided.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for determining a value of a property of a material that flows in a conduit inside a microwave cavity are described. Such apparatus may include: a multi-mode microwave cavity having the conduit in it; a plurality of feeds, each configured to feed the cavity with RF radiation to excite multiple modes in the cavity; a detector, configured to detect parameters indicative of electrical response of the cavity to RF radiation fed to the cavity; and a processor, configured to determine the value of the property based on the parameters detected by the detector. In some embodiments, at least one of the feeds comprises a radiating element outside the cavity and a waveguide configured to guide waves from the radiating element to the cavity.

Abstract: A method for applying RF energy to detect a processing state of an object placed in an energy application zone, during processing of the object, may include applying RF energy to the object during processing. The method may also include receiving computed RF feedback, correlated with one or more processing states of the object; and monitoring the computed RF feedback during the processing to detect the one or more processing states of the object.

Abstract: Antenna apparatuses and methods used in wireless communication devices are disclosed. The antenna includes a first portion configured to be coupled to a communication device. The antenna also includes a second portion configured to be coupled to the first portion. The first portion and second portion are coupled by overlapping the first portion and second portion so as to produce an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a vertical radiation pattern.

Abstract: Antenna apparatuses and methods used in wireless communication devices are disclosed. The antenna includes a first portion configured to be coupled to a communication device. The antenna also includes a second portion configured to be coupled to the first portion. The first portion and second portion are coupled by overlapping the first portion and second portion so as to produce an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a vertical radiation pattern.

Abstract: An antenna and methods for manufacturing the antenna is provided. The antenna (100) includes an electrically non-conductive substrate (102). The antenna further includes an electrically conductive strip (104). The electrically conductive strip (104) is wound around the electrically non-conductive substrate (102) so as to form an overlap (120) between adjacent turns of the electrically conductive strip (104), without creating a galvanic connection at the overlap.

Abstract: An antenna assembly (10) includes a ground plane formed on a chassis (12) of the radio and the functional knob forming an antenna element (11). The antenna assembly further includes a slot or notch element (14) in the ground plane substantially adjacent to the functional knob and having a length less than ¼ wavelength, and a coaxial cable (13) feeding the antenna element. A shield of the coaxial cable can be directly connected to the ground plane and a center conductor of the coaxial cable can be directly coupled to the functional knob to provide a galvanic connection for narrowband performance or the center conductor can be electromagnetically coupled to the functional knob for wideband performance or both. The antenna assembly can create a zero volume notch type ground excitation.

Abstract: An antenna and methods for manufacturing the antenna is provided. The antenna (100) includes an electrically non-conductive substrate (102). The antenna further includes an electrically conductive strip (104). The electrically conductive strip (104) is wound around the electrically non-conductive substrate (102) so as to form an overlap (120) between adjacent turns of the electrically conductive strip (104), without creating a galvanic connection at the overlap.

Abstract: An antenna assembly (10) includes a ground plane formed on a chassis (12) of the radio and the functional knob forming an antenna element (11). The antenna assembly further includes a slot or notch element (14) in the ground plane substantially adjacent to the functional knob and having a length less than ¼ wavelength, and a coaxial cable (13) feeding the antenna element. A shield of the coaxial cable can be directly connected to the ground plane and a center conductor of the coaxial cable can be directly coupled to the functional knob to provide a galvanic connection for narrowband performance or the center conductor can be electromagnetically coupled to the functional knob for wideband performance or both. The antenna assembly can create a zero volume notch type ground excitation.

Abstract: An antenna structure for use in a wireless communication device, the structure comprising (i) a plurality of antenna portions each having a substantially planar radiating surface and (ii) a conducting ground portion; wherein the radiating surfaces of the antenna portions are substantially parallel to one another in a side-by-side relationship and are substantially parallel to part of the conducting ground portion located behind the antenna portions with respect to a direction of transmission of radiation from the antenna portions, the conducting ground portion comprising a first part galvanically connected to each of the antenna portions and, electrically coupled to the first part, a second conducting part forming at least part of a cover for a wireless communication device.

Abstract: An antenna device (2) includes a conducting base (3), an elongate conducting element (7) coupled to and extending from the conducting base and a parasitic conductor (9) connected to and extending from the conducting base. The device is configured to provide in operation in a plurality of frequency bands omnidirectional radiation patterns in two mutually orthogonal planes (x-y; x-z). The radiation of these patterns may conveniently have the same polarization.

Abstract: An antenna structure formed from at least two antennae for use in a wireless communication device, the structure comprising (i) a plurality of antenna portions each having a substantially planar radiating surface and (ii) a first conducting ground portion, and (iii) a second conducting ground portion coupled to the first ground portion (ii); wherein the radiating surfaces of the antenna portions are substantially parallel to one another in a side-by-side relationship and are substantially parallel to the first conducting ground portion and the second ground portion, and the first and second conducting ground portions are located behind the antenna portions with respect to a direction of radiation from the antenna portions, the first conducting ground portion being galvanically connected to each of the antenna portions and electromagnetically coupled to the second conducting ground portion, the second conducting ground portion forming at least part of a cover for the wireless communication device.

Abstract: An antenna device (2) includes a conducting base (3), an elongate conducting element (7) coupled to and extending from the conducting base and a parasitic conductor (9) connected to and extending from the conducting base. The device is configured to provide in operation in a plurality of frequency bands omnidirectional radiation patterns in two mutually orthogonal planes (x-y; x-z). The radiation of these patterns may conveniently have the same polarization.