Abstract: The invention relates to a polyetherester polyol comprising the reaction product of a1) 5 to 63 wt % of one or more polyols or polyamines or mixtures thereof having an average functionality of 2.5 to 8, a2) 2 to 50 wt % of one or more fatty acids, fatty acid monoesters or mixtures thereof, a3) 35 to 70 wt % of one or more alkylene oxides of 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: The invention provides microemulsions comprising a) at least one compound having two or more isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms, b) at least one apolar organic compound, c) at least one halogen-free compound effective in causing said compounds a) and b) to build a microemulsion, comprising at least one amphiphilic compound ci) selected from the group consisting of nonionic surfactants, polymers and mixtures thereof, and at least one compound cii), other than ci), selected from compounds having an apolar portion having a carbon chain length of 6 or more and one or more OH or NH groups as polar portion and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a vacuum insulation panel comprising a barrier film and a core material having a density in the range from 50 to 350 kg/m3, wherein the core material comprises a mixture of A) from 30 to 100 percent by weight of nanoporous polymer particles which have a cell count in the range from 1000 to 100 000 cells/mm, where at least 60 percent by weight of the nanoporous polymer particles have a particle size of less than 100 ?m in the sieve analysis in accordance with DIN 66165, and B) from 0 to 70 percent by weight of pyrogenic or precipitated silica, and also a process for the production thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to a porous material comprising at least one polyfunctional isocyanate (a1) and at least one polyfunctional substituted aromatic amine (a2-s) of the general formula I where R1 and R2 are selected from among hydrogen and linear or branched alkyl groups having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and all substituents Q1 to Q5 and Q1? to Q5? are selected from among hydrogen, a primary amino group and a linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, where at least one of Q1, Q3 and Q5 and at least one of Q1?, Q3? and Q5? is a primary amino group and the compound has at least one linear or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms in the ? position relative to at least one primary amino group bound to the aromatic ring. The invention further relates to a process for producing porous materials, the porous materials which can be obtained in this way and the use of the porous materials as insulation material and in vacuum insulation panels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing polyurethane (PU) rigid foams by reaction of polyisocyanates with compounds having two or more isocyanate-reactive hydrogen atoms in the presence of blowing agents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dynamically evacuable, electrically operated device comprising a coherently evacuable region and a temperature-controllable useful region, which is thermally insulated from the ambient temperature by the coherently evacuable region, and also a means for actively maintaining a vacuum, such that the pressure in the coherently evacuable region of the device is constantly within a defined pressure range, said coherently evacuable region making up at least 20% by volume of the total volume which is occupied by a porous and/or cellular insulating material in the device, and said coherently evacuable region comprising at least one organic aerogel and/or organic xerogel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing flame-retardant porous materials comprising the following steps: (a) reacting at least one polyfunctional isocyanate (a1) and at least one polyfunctional aromatic amine (a2) in an organic solvent optionally in the presence of water as component (a3) and optionally in the presence of at least one catalyst (a5); and then (b) removing the organic solvent to obtain the organic porous material, where step (a) is carried out in the presence of at least one organic flame retardant as component (a4), where this flame retardant is soluble in the solvent. The invention further relates to the porous materials thus obtainable, and also to the use of the porous materials for thermal insulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the production of polyurethane rigid foams by reaction of polyisocyanates with compounds with at least two hydrogen atoms reactive with isocyanate groups in the presence of propellants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing pulverulent organic porous materials, comprising (i) the provision of an organic xerogel or organic aerogel and then (ii) the comminution of the material provided in step (i). The invention further relates to the pulverulent organic porous materials thus obtainable, to thermal insulation materials comprising the pulverulent porous organic materials, to building material and vacuum insulation panels comprising the thermal insulation materials, and to the use of the pulverulent organic porous materials or of the thermal insulation materials for thermal insulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing a nanoporous foam, said process comprising providing a monomeric component (A) comprising a polyfunctional isocyanate (A1) and a solvent (C), and contacting said monomeric component (A) with water vapor. The present invention further comprises a nanoporous foam obtainable by such a process and also a nanofoam composite obtainable by applying said monomeric component (A) to a carrier (B) before the step of contacting with water vapor. The nanofoam composite is useful as insulant for thermal or acoustical insulation, as filtering material or as catalyst carrier.

Abstract: The invention relates to a porous gel comprising the following components, in reacted form: (a1) at least one polyfunctional isocyanate, (a2) at least one polyfunctional aromatic amine and (a3) at least one polyfunctional cycloaliphatic amine. The invention further relates to a process for preparing porous gels, to the porous gels thus obtainable and to the use of the porous gels as an insulating material and in vacuum insulation panels.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing porous materials in the form of aerogels or xerogels, which comprises reaction of at least one polyfunctional isocyanate with an amine component comprising at least one polyfunctional substituted aromatic amine and also water in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst, with the reaction being carried out in the absence of water. The invention further relates to the aerogels and xerogels which can be obtained in this way and the use of the aerogels and xerogels as insulation material and in vacuum insulation panels.

Abstract: The invention relates to a porous gel comprising the following components, in reacted form: (a1) at least one polyfunctional isocyanate, (a2) at least one polyfunctional aromatic amine and (a3) at least one polyalkylenepolyamine. The invention further relates to a process for preparing porous gels, to the porous gels thus obtainable and to the use of the porous gels as an insulating material and in vacuum insulation panels.

Abstract: The patent discloses a system and method for correcting changes in the shape of joint bones in a bone joint, including: providing a three-dimensional imaging data set of a bone joint; identifying the joint bones in the data set based on the shapes of the joint bones; inscribing a portion of a joint bone to be reconstructed with a base shape; determining contour deviations of the inscribed joint bone from the base shape by ascertaining contour distances between the base shape and the shape of the inscribed joint bone in different incision planes; determining a three-dimensional deviating volume using the contour deviations; and using the deviating volume for correction planning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing rigid polyurethane foams by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups in the presence of c) blowing agents, wherein the component b) comprises at least one polyether alcohol bi) prepared by addition of alkylene oxides onto toluenediamine and at least one polyether alcohol bii) prepared by addition of alkylene oxides onto H-functional starter substances comprising oligomeric glycerol.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing xerogel composites, which comprises: (a) provision of a composition comprising an organic gel precursor (A) comprising a monomer component (A1) composed of at least one polyfunctional isocyanate and a monomer component (A2) composed of at least one compound selected from among polyfunctional amines and polyfunctional hydroxy compounds; (b) reaction of the gel precursor (A) in the presence of an open-celled macroporous foam (B) and a solvent (C) to form a xerogel composite; (c) drying of the xerogel composite by conversion of the solvent (C) into the gaseous state at a temperature and a pressure below the critical temperature and the critical pressure of the solvent (C). The invention further relates to the xerogel composites which can be obtained in this way and their use as insulating material, for thermal insulation, vacuum insulation panels, in refrigeration units or in buildings.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing porous materials, which comprises reaction of at least one polyfunctional isocyanate with an amine component comprising at least one polyfunctional substituted aromatic amine and also water in the presence of a solvent.

Abstract: A system and method for computer-assisted joint analysis, wherein the joint elements in a three-dimensional imaging data set are segmented and then projected onto a two-dimensional or three-dimensional reference area for interference analysis and surgical planning.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for preparing polyether alcohols by reacting a) aromatic amines with b) alkylene oxides in the presence of c) a catalyst, wherein the alkylene oxide b) comprises at least 90% by weight, based on the weight of the component b), of propylene oxide and an amine is used as catalyst c).

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing polyurethanes by reacting a) polyisocyanates with b) compounds having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups, wherein the compounds b) having at least two hydrogen atoms which are reactive toward isocyanate groups comprise at least one polyether alcohol b1) which has been prepared by reaction of an aromatic amine b1a) with propylene oxide using an amine b1b) which is different from b1a) as catalyst.