Abstract: An incandescent lamp having an envelope of hardglass. The envelope encloses a tungsten filament and contains a fill material including an inert fill gas and a halogen additive. A coating of silicon dioxide (i.e., silica) is disposed on a substantial portion of the internal surface of the envelope. The silicon dioxide coating prevents the halogen additive from combining with alkaline ions of the hardglass envelope.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes a lamp capsule, a reflector, an electrical connector and a lens. The lamp capsule includes a lamp envelope having a base portion, and the reflector includes an opening for receiving the base portion of the lamp envelope. The reflector is fabricated of a resilient material such as a high temperature thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic. The base portion of the lamp capsule and the reflector include lamp interlocking elements which mechanically lock the lamp capsule in the reflector. The lamp interlocking elements preferably position the center of light output of the lamp capsule at the focal point of the reflector. The connector and a neck portion of the reflector include connector interlocking elements which mechanically lock the connector to the reflector. The lens and the outer rim of the reflector include integral lens interconnecting elements which mechanically lock and position the lens on the reflector.

Abstract: A quartz lamp envelope includes a press seal, at least one molybdenum foil feedthrough extending through the press seal to the lamp interior, and an external electrical lead connected to the molybdenum foil. The molybdenum foil has an oxidation-inhibiting material, such as chromium, aluminum and combinations thereof, embedded in a surface layer thereof by ion implantation. The electrical lead has an oxidation-inhibiting coating, such as silicon carbide, silicon nitride and combinations thereof, formed by plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Alternatively, the electrical lead can have an oxidation-inhibiting material embedded in a surface layer thereof by ion implantation.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes a lamp capsule, a reflector, an electrical connector and a lens. The lamp capsule includes a lamp envelope having a base portion, and the reflector includes an opening for receiving the base portion of the lamp envelope. The reflector is fabricated of a resilient material such as a high temperature thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic. The base portion of the lamp capsule and the reflector include lamp introducing elements which mechanically lock the lamp capsule in the reflector. The lamp interlocking elements preferably position the center of light output of the lamp capsule at the focal point of the reflector. The connector and a neck portion of the reflector include connector interlocking elements which mechanically lock the connector to the reflector. The lens and the outer rim of the reflector include integral lens interlocking elements which mechanically lock and position the lens on the reflector.

Abstract: A lamp assembly includes a lamp capsule, a reflector, an electrical connector and a lens. The lamp capsule includes a lamp envelope having a base portion, and the reflector includes an opening for receiving the base portion of the lamp envelope. The reflector is fabricated of a resilient material such as a high temperature thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic. The base portion of the lamp capsule and the reflector include lamp interlocking elements which mechanically lock the lamp capsule in the reflector. The lamp interlocking elements preferably position the center of light output of the lamp capsule at the focal point of the reflector. The connector and a neck portion of the reflector include connector interlocking elements which mechanically lock the connector to the reflector. The lens and the outer rim of the reflector include integral lens interlocking elements which mechanically lock and position the lens on the reflector.

Abstract: A tungsten halogen lamp is provided that incorporates therein means for reducing the lower operating temperature limit of the halogen cycle operating within the lamp's envelope. In addition, there is provided a halogen lamp fill gas mixture, which is comprised of an inert gas, a halogen or halide and a phorphorus-based compound and a carbon-containing compound that will reduce the lower operating temperature limit and greatly increase the efficiency of the halogen cycle, thereby allowing operation of a tungsten halogen lamp at temperatures about or below 400.degree.-500.degree. K. The compounds in the fill gas mixture have a phosphorus-to-carbon mass ratio of about 10:1 to about 1:1.

Abstract: A tungsten-halogen lamp is provided that incorporates therein means for substantially reducing filament embrittlement. The embrittlement reducing means comprises substances X and Y, which have an X and Y mass ratio of about 30:1. Substance X is a phosphorus-based gaseous compound and substance Y is a carbon-containing gaseous compound. Substance X is preferably phosphine and substance Y is preferably methyl bromide.