Abstract: An electronic component includes a field effect transistor that functions as a working electrode of an ion sensor and a driving circuit that causes a potential difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor. A reference electrode potential of the field effect transistor is fixed.

Abstract: An electronic component includes a field effect transistor that functions as a working electrode of an ion sensor and a driving circuit that causes a potential difference between a source electrode and a drain electrode of the field effect transistor. A reference electrode potential of the field effect transistor is fixed.

Abstract: A system for issuing passbooks and other multiple-page documents includes a plurality of storage bins for storing such passbooks and documents in a closed position, feed means for feeding a passbook and the documents from the storage bins along a guide chute, a printing mechanism for printing data on a passbook and documents located in the guide chute, a page-turning mechanism for opening the cover and the inner pages of the passbook prior to a printing operation, a transducer for reading coded labels on the inner surface of the cover and the inner pages of the passbook, a magnetic read-write transducer for reading and recording data on the cover of the passbook and control means for sequentially operating said printing means and page turning mechanisms and said transducers for issuing the passbook or other type of multiple-page document.