Abstract: A laminated ceramic electronic component includes a plurality of ceramic green sheets. In each of the ceramic green sheets, which are not backed with a carrier film, coil conductor patterns and lead-out electrodes are formed by a screen printing method and simultaneously a conductive paste is filled in holes for via holes to form via holes. The coil conductor patterns include first lands provided at one end of the coil conductor patterns so as to cover the via holes for connection between layers and second lands to be connected to the via holes provided at the other end of the conductive patterns. The second lands are larger in diameter than the first lands, such that the area of the second lands is about 1.10 to about 2.25 times as wide as the area of the first lands.

Abstract: A power amplifying apparatus which is of a switching type and capable of efficiently amplifying a power of an input AC signal such as an acoustic signal, includes a first switch circuit (11) and a second switch circuit (12) to which a power supply voltage Vc is applied, an inductor (13) and a load (14) which are connected between the switch circuits, and a control circuit (15) which receives an input AC signal Vi, sets a predetermined ratio of ON/OFF periods, and drives the switch circuits. The control circuit (15) includes an arithmetic circuit (20) which multiplies a modulation sensitivity (for example, an amplitude of a triangular wave voltage used for generation of a pulse signal for driving a switch circuit) by a ratio (Vc/Ec) of the power supply voltage Vc and a DC component Ec thereof. This configuration can compensate for distortion caused by a ripple variation of the power supply voltage due to regenerated power or the like, and enable a gain control by the power supply voltage.

Abstract: A power amplifying apparatus which is of a switching type and capable of efficiently amplifying a power of an input AC signal such as an acoustic signal, includes a first switch circuit (11) and a second switch circuit (12) to which a power supply voltage Vc is applied, an inductor (13) and a load (14) which are connected between the switch circuits, and a control circuit (15) which receives an input AC signal Vi, sets a predetermined ratio of ON/OFF periods, and drives the switch circuits. The control circuit (15) includes an arithmetic circuit (20) which multiplies a modulation sensitivity (for example, an amplitude of a triangular wave voltage used for generation of a pulse signal for driving a switch circuit) by a ratio (Vc/Ec) of the power supply voltage Vc and a DC component Ec thereof. This configuration can compensate for distortion caused by a ripple variation of the power supply voltage due to regenerated power or the like, and enable a gain control by the power supply voltage.

Abstract: A condenser microphone apparatus which is used for a radio apparatus in order to reduce noises generated due to radiation of a high frequency signal of a transmitting unit. A series resistor is provided between a bypass capacitor provided between a drain and a source of an FET and a microphone signal output transmission line in order to prevent a high frequency voltage from being increased due to a resonance of the bypass capacitor and microphone signal output transmission line. Thus, the noises due to the radiation of the high frequency signal can be reduced.

Abstract: A pressure transducer designed to transform static pressure or dynamic pressure applied to a diaphragm into a corresponding electrical signal and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The transducer includes a fixed electrode formed in an upper surface of a substrate and a moving electrode provided in the diaphragm disposed above the fixed electrode through a cavity. The substrate has formed in the bottom thereof at least one hole which is used in a manufacturing process for removing a sacrificial layer formed between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the substrate in dry etching to form the cavity.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor having a small DC resistance without decreasing the inductance or the impedance. The method of manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor includes the steps of: preparing a ceramic green sheet; forming an electrode film on one surface of the green sheet; multilayering a plurality of the green sheets in such a way that the surfaces on which electrode films are formed face each other for pairs of the green sheets; contact-bonding the green sheets; and sintering the green sheets.

Abstract: A pressure transducer designed to transform static pressure or dynamic pressure applied to a diaphragm into a corresponding electrical signal and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The transducer includes a fixed electrode formed in an upper surface of a substrate and a moving electrode provided in the diaphragm disposed above the fixed electrode through a cavity. The substrate has formed in the bottom thereof at least one hole which is used in a manufacturing process for removing a sacrificial layer formed between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the substrate in dry etching to form the cavity.

Abstract: A pressure transducer designed to transform static pressure or dynamic pressure applied to a diaphragm into a corresponding electrical signal and a method of manufacturing the same are provided. The transducer includes a fixed electrode formed in an upper surface of a substrate and a moving electrode provided in the diaphragm disposed above the fixed electrode through a cavity. The substrate has formed in the bottom thereof at least one hole which is used in a manufacturing process for removing a sacrificial layer formed between the diaphragm and the upper surface of the substrate in dry etching to form the cavity.

Abstract: A capacitor type of microphone is capable of securely suppressing generation of noise outputs due to RF signals received from outside the microphone. The microphone includes a movable electrode vibrating in response to a sound vibration and a fixed electrode arranged face to face to the movable electrode, thus forming a capacitor for detecting sound. The microphone further includes first amplification means for buffer-amplifying a terminal voltage across the capacitor and second amplification means cascaded between an output terminal of the first amplification means and a microphone output terminal. Each of the first and second amplification means includes an FET (field effect transistor), for example. An impedance-converting function provided by the second amplification means enables noise outputs due to RF signals radiated or transmitted from the transmitter of a radio apparatus to be reduced in a wide range of carrier frequencies.

Abstract: The present invention provides a BA-finished stainless steel product having superior antibacterial properties and corrosion resistance and a method for producing the same. Specifically, after a stainless steel product is subjected to BA treatment, the stainless steel product is immersed in a solution containing Ag ions having a concentration of 0.0001 to 1.0 mol/l so that a BA film contains, in area percentage, 0.0002 to 0.05% of Ag particles and Ag compounds, and further, stainless steel product contains 0.001 to 0.10% by weight of Ag and optionally further contains 0.001 to 0.30% by weight of V.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor having a small DC resistance without decreasing the inductance or the impedance. The method of manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor includes the steps of: preparing a ceramic green sheet; forming an electrode film on one surface of the green sheet; multilayering a plurality of the green sheets in such a way that the surfaces on which electrode films are formed face each other for pairs of the green sheets; contact-bonding the green sheets; and sintering the green sheets.

Abstract: A method is provided for manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor having a small DC resistance without decreasing the inductance or the impedance. The method of manufacturing a multilayer-type chip inductor includes the steps of: preparing a ceramic green sheet; forming an electrode film on one surface of the green sheet; multilayering a plurality of the green sheets in such a way that the surfaces on which electrode films are formed face each other for pairs of the green sheets; contact-bonding the green sheets; and sintering the green sheets.

Abstract: A guard electrode is formed on a frontside surface of a semiconductor substrate and a fixed electrode is formed on the guard electrode via an insulating layer. A cavity is formed on the fixed electrode by a diaphragm and a moving electrode is formed between the layers of the diaphragm. A substrate through hole directing from a backside surface of the substrate and reaching the cavity is formed. An operational amplifier which drives the guard electrode so as to equalize an electric potential of the guard electrode with that of the fixed electrode is provided. A change in the capacitance between the fixed electrode and a moving electrode is converted into a voltage directly concerned with a displacement of the diaphragm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of and an apparatus for efficiently and economically discharging solid particles, which have sedimented on the bottom of a tank, out from the tank. A liquid is ejected from an ejector installed in the tank to move the sedimented solid particles to a predetermined place from which the sedimented solid particles are discharged out from the tank. Further, a solution which contains sedimentary solid particles is cooled and the solid particles are efficiently separated by a solid-liquid separator.

Abstract: A light emitting device is operative for outputting a light beam having an intensity which increases as a drive current through the light emitting device increases. A power source is operative for supplying a drive current to the light emitting device. A control device connected to the power source and a first end of the light emitting device is operative for controlling the drive current to the light emitting device in response to an input signal. The control device has an input terminal subjected to the input signal. A photosensitive device is optically coupled to the light emitting device. A current flowing through the photosensitive device increases as an intensity of a light beam applied to the photosensitive device increases. The photosensitive device is connected between the input terminal of the control device and a second end of the light emitting device.

Abstract: A common-source type buffer amplifier circuit has a microphone capsule, a diode and an FET. An output end of the buffer amplifier circuit, or a drain of the FET is connected to an input end of the current mirror circuit. An output end of the current mirror circuit is connected to one end of a load resistor of which the other end is grounded. A voltage across the load resistor corresponds to an output of the amplifier and is supplied to the speaker amplifier.

Abstract: A voltage generating device is capable of generating a voltage which does not depend upon temperature even if a power source voltage is not higher than 1.25 V. The device comprises an output terminal thereof, current sources, resistors and a diode like connected transistor. A voltage on the output terminal is obtained by causing a current to flow through series-connected resistors. The current sources are band gap current sources. The current source is assumed as opened. A part of the diode like connected transistor is represented by an equivalent circuit including a voltage source and a resistor. The equivalent circuit and the resistors are represented by an equivalent circuit by using the Thevenin's theorem.

Abstract: A comparator device is designed for comparing the signal levels of first and second input signals to provide respective resultant comparator outputs independently, which comparator device is featured in avoidance of occurrence of simultaneous low levels of the comparator signals at all possible conditions of the comparator outputs. The comparator device includes first and second comparator which independently output resultant comparator outputs having either a high (H) level or a low (L) level as results of comparison of the signal levels of the first and second input signals while taking one of the input signals as a reference, and have offset characteristics and hysteresis characteristics so that the comparator outputs, either H level or L level, can be fixedly determined when the first and second input signal levels are equal to each other.

Abstract: A current source including a first transistor and a second transistor with their bases connected together, a resistor connected to the emitter of the first transistor, a third transistor with its base connected to the collector of the second transistor, and an amplifying unit. The amplifying unit has its input end connected to the collector of the third transistor and is further provided with a plurality of output portions with output resistors. The plurality of output portions of the amplifying unit are connected to the collectors of the first transistor, second transistor and third transistor, respectively. The base current of the third transistor is set to make the collector currents of the first transistor and second transistor substantially equal.

Abstract: For realizing a correct measurement of a receiving condition even if the bandwidth of intermediate frequency amplification is narrow, the gain of a variable gain amplitude detector circuit is controlled by an output signal of a function generator circuit so as to cancel the bandwidth characteristic of an intermediate frequency amplifier circuit, to flatten the total bandwidth characteristic of a circuit for detecting an amplitude value of a received signal, thereby eliminating the influence of angle modulation related components in the received signal or desired wave.