Abstract: A method and system for applying a method for iterative refinement of a presentation including (a) a developer creating a high-level representation of the user interface; (b) automatically generating a concrete user interface markup from the high-level representation; (c) the developer editing the concrete generated markup and saving the edits to an edit history; (d) the developer editing the high-level representation; (e) automatically re-generating a concrete markup from the edited high-level representation; and (f) automatically or interactively applying the edit history to the concrete markup to produce an updated markup.

Abstract: The optical device having a predetermined surface profile of the invention is fabricated by forming a multi-layered dielectric film on the surface of a solid composition layer having a glass transition temperature of not lower than 100° C. The solid composition layer is formed by molding and curing a polymerizable organic group-having fluid composition. The curing may be effected through photopolymerization or thermal polymerization of the polymerizable organic group in the composition, and a predetermined surface profile is transferred onto the composition layer from the mold used. The cured composition is released from the mold, and this is coated with a multi-layered dielectric film.

Abstract: An article having a predetermined surface configuration, such as an optical element having fine irregularities in the surface which has high heat resistance, small heat shrinkage at the time of molding a film and high dimensional stability, and a production process therefor. The article having a predetermined surface configuration is produced by setting a composition comprising a compound which contains a dimethylsiloxane skeleton having at least three recurring units and at least one polymerizable organic group in the molecule between and in contact with the surface of a substrate and the molding surface of a mold in the form of a film, applying at least one of heat and ultraviolet radiation to the composition, removing the mold, and heating as required to form a film having a surface configuration which is the inversion of the surface configuration of the mold on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus and systems to keep a desired element properly addressed in a structured document in which particular elements are addressed, even if the structured document is modified. In an example embodiment, the invention comprises a difference computation unit for computing a difference between structured documents, and an XPath update unit for generating addressing information from addressing information that addresses a part of a particular structured document based on information on the difference computed by the difference computation unit, the generated addressing information addressing a corresponding part of the other structured document.

Abstract: An echelon diffraction grating which has excellent heat resistance and can be produced at a low cost and an optical waveguide which has high heat resistance, small absorption of a communication wavelength of a near infrared range, and satisfies reliability and a low loss at an optical communication range. The echelon diffraction grating comprises a substrate, and an organopolysiloxane film having a maximum thickness of 1 &mgr;m to 1 mm formed on the surface of the substrate and has a plurality of steps having a predetermined width of 1 to 500 &mgr;m and a predetermined height of 5 to 500 &mgr;m formed on the organopolysiloxane film, and the organopolysiloxane film contains dimethylsiloxane and phenyl(or substituted phenyl)siloxane as essential ingredients.

Abstract: An anchoring method for generating an XPath expression. The method can include identifying a stable anchor in the transcodable markup along an axis shared by the selected node. An XPath expression can be generated for the stable anchor. Subsequently, an offset between the stable anchor and the selected node can be computed. Finally, the XPath expression for the stable anchor and the offset can be concatenated, the concatenation forming the XPath expression for the selected node.

Abstract: A system and method for generating and processing robust XPath expressions. The system can include two or more differing XPath generators, at least one of the XPath generators producing at least two XPath expressions for a selected node, the produced XPath expressions forming a redundant set of robust XPath expressions configured to identify the selected node. The system further can include an XPath resolution processor, the XPath resolution processor resolving each XPath expression in the redundant set, the resolutions identifying a set of candidate nodes, the XPath resolution processor identifying the selected node from among the set of candidate nodes based upon the XPath expressions resolving to the selected node more than any other node in the set of candidate nodes.

Abstract: An article having a predetermined surface configuration comprising a substrate and a gelled film having a high refractive index, excellent heat resistance, high film hardness and excellent transferability formed on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for producing an article having a fine uneven surface, coated with a film which has high heat resistance, does not crack and does not peel off from a substrate. The process for producing the article comprises disposing a film-forming solution between a substrate and a mold in the form of a film so as to make the solution closely contact with the substrate and the mold, said solution being prepared by carrying out the hydrolysis and dehydration polycondensation reaction of a stock solution containing a specific silane compound (A) having an unhydrolyzable organic group and a hydrolyzable group, a specific silane compound (B) having a hydrolyzable group and a catalyst, and heating to form an article having an uneven film having a surface shape which is the inversion of the surface shape of the mold on the surface of the substrate. The film-forming solution contains the above silane compounds (A) and (B) in the form of unhydrolysates in amounts of 0.5 to 40 wt % and 0.

Abstract: There is provided an article which can be produced at a low cost, is excellent in heat resistance, chemical resistance and dimensional accuracy, and has a predetermined surface shape. In particular there is provided an optical waveguide which has high heat resistance and chemical resistance, a large difference in refractive index, small absorption at a communication wavelength of a near infrared range, reliability and a low loss at an optical communication range. The process for producing the article involves disposing a sol-gel material containing specified silanes between a substrate and a mold in the form of a film so as to make the sol-gel material closely contact the substrate and the mold, and heating to form a gelled film having a surface shape which is the inversion of the surface shape of the mold on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A process for producing a coated article which has excellent releasability and a surface pattern having a high degree of accuracy efficiently. The process is a process for producing an article having a given surface pattern, which comprises holding a mold horizontally with its surface facing up, feeding a sol-gel material solution onto the surface to form a film, heating them, bringing a substrate into contact with the film, heating them, removing the mold, and further heating the film and the substrate as required to obtain the article having a gelled film whose surface pattern is the inverse of a surface pattern of the mold coated on a surface of the substrate, wherein sol-gel material solution film edge holding zone is provided along the perimeter of the surface of the mold at a lower position than the surface of the mold, and the sol-gel material solution is fed such that the edges of the formed film of the sol-gel material solution reach the zone beyond the perimeter of the surface of the mold.

Abstract: An optical device having at least two optically transparent optical parts which are bonded together with an optically transparent adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is formed from a matrix containing silicon, titanium, zirconium, aluminum or germanium, and oxygen atoms. At least part of the atoms is bonded to other atom(s) through a polyvalent hydrocarbon group and directly bonded a monovalent hydrocarbon group. The refractive index value of the adhesive layer approximates to the refractive index values of the at least two optically transparent optical parts. An adhesive composition for bonding optical parts and a method of bonding optical parts are also proposed.

Abstract: An article having a predetermined surface configuration, such as an optical element having fine irregularities in the surface which has high heat resistance, small heat shrinkage at the time of molding a film and high dimensional stability, and a production process therefor. The article having a predetermined surface configuration is produced by setting a composition comprising a compound which contains a dimethylsiloxane skeleton having at least three recurring units and at least one polymerizable organic group in the molecule between and in contact with the surface of a substrate and the molding surface of a mold in the form of a film, applying at least one of heat and ultraviolet radiation to the composition, removing the mold, and heating as required to form a film having a surface configuration which is the inversion of the surface configuration of the mold on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: An article with a predetermined surface pattern that is coated with a film which makes possible the complete transfer of the pattern of a patterning die and thick-film patterning having a depth to the order of several tens of micrometers, prevents the occurrence of cracks, has high film hardness, and has a surface pattern which is the inverse of the surface pattern of the patterning die. This article is produced by joining a patterning die closely to a substrate with a sol-gel material containing the silane compound represented by the formula: R1SiX3 (wherein R1 is an alkyl group or hydrogen and X is an alkoxyl group or a halogen atom) and the silane compound represented by the formula: R2SiY3 (wherein R2 is an aryl group or a substituted aryl group and Y is an alkoxyl group or a halogen atom) disposed therebetween in the form of a film and heating them to coat the surface of the substrate with a gel film having a surface pattern which is the inverse of the surface pattern of the patterning die.

Abstract: A gas feed ceramic structure for feeding a gas into a semiconductor-producing apparatus, includes a planar substrate having a gas-feeding surface and a rear surface. The planar substrate has depressions formed from the rear surface toward the gas-feeding surface to define thin portions between the depressions and the gas-feed surface. Each of the thin portions includes a plurality of gas feed holes for feeding the gas to a side of the gas-feeding surface of the substrate, and one open end of the gas feed holes is provided at the gas-feeding surface of the substrate, and the other open end faces the depressions.

Abstract: To prevent unauthorized copying of video data transmitted from an MPEG-2 decoder to an NTSC encoder, data format of video data to be transmitted from an MPEG-2 decoder to an NTSC encoder is dynamically changed (S104, S112, and S118).

Abstract: A method and device are provided for correcting an amplitude of a synchronizing signal. A pedestal voltage, Vped, (i.e., a reference level) may be detected which repetitively occurs at the same period as a synchronizing signal of an input composite video signal. A reference voltage, Vsync, may be generated corresponding to an amplitude of the synchronizing signal which meets a standard for the input composite video signal. A DC voltage, Vh, may be generated having a voltage level corresponding to a tip or peak level of the synchronizing signal which meets the standard for the input composite video signal based on the pedestal voltage, Vped, and the reference voltage, Vsync. The DC voltage Vh and the composite video signal may be switchably output in synchronism with the synchronizing signal extracted from the composite video signal.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a mold constituted by an electrically conductive thin plate having a predetermined surface shape, and an electrically insulating reinforcement material, wherein the electrically conductive thin plate and the electrically insulating reinforcement material are bonded to each other by an anodic bonding method. Particularly, the electrically conductive thin plate is preferably formed out of silicon single crystalline and the electrically insulating reinforcement material is preferably oxide glass.

Abstract: An optical device having at least two optically transparent optical parts which are bonded together with an optically transparent adhesive layer. The adhesive layer is formed from a matrix containing silicon, titanium, zirconium, aluminum or germianium, and oxygen atoms. At least part of the atoms is bonded to other atom(s) through a polyvalent hydrocarbon group and directly bonded a monovalent hydrocarbon group. The refractive index value of the adhesive layer approximates to the refractive index values of the at least two optically transparent optical parts. An adhesive composition for bonding optical parts and a method of bonding optical parts are also proposed.

Abstract: To prepare an adhesive which has excellent heat resistance, suppresses the formation of bubbles during curing and is free from such a defect as opacity caused by the bubbles.