Abstract: An ink of this invention contains a self-dispersible pigment having a phosphonic acid group bonded directly or through another atomic group to the surface of the self-dispersible pigment, polyurethane resin particles, a monovalent inorganic salt, and water.

Abstract: A three-plate image projecting optical system that has a compact and simple configuration and achieves enhanced luminance efficiency and reduction of light quantity loss on the dichroic coating, and a projector equipped with the optical system. The optical system includes a color separating/combining prism having a first/second dichroic coatings, and a first to third digital micromirror devices. A first plane including an illumination light axis and a projection light axis on an image display surface of the third digital micromirror device and a second plane including a surface normal of the first/second dichroic coatings and a surface normal of a center of the third digital micromirror device are relatively rotated with respect to each other from orthogonal states toward a direction in which an incident angle of the illumination light axis with respect to the first dichroic coating or the second dichroic coating is decreased.

Abstract: An optical unit includes a digital micromirror device in which each of micro-mirrors is driven biaxially in ON/OFF control, a first prism directs illumination light to the digital micromirror device, a second prism including an OFF-light reflecting surface reflects OFF light reflected from the micro-mirrors in an OFF state and transmits ON light reflected from the micro-mirrors in an ON state, and a third prism emits the ON light incident from the second prism toward a projection side. The micro-mirrors reflect the OFF light so that an optical axis of the OFF light is directed away from a projection-optical-axis plane including an optical axis of the ON light and an optical axis of the illumination light.

Abstract: A prism unit that combines light in the three primary colors of R, G, and B on the same optical axis includes: a G-reflecting dichroic coating that reflects G light and passes R and B light; and an RB dichroic coating that reflects one of R and B, and passes the other one of R and B, the prism unit satisfying the following conditional expression: ?rg??rb?0.67×?rg+0.33×?gb, where ?gb represents the wavelength at which the transmittance is 50% when the colors of G and B on the composite optical axis are combined, ?rg represents the wavelength at which the transmittance is 50% when the colors of R and G on the composite optical axis are combined, and ?rb represents the wavelength at which the transmittance is 50% when the colors of R and B on the composite optical axis are combined.

Abstract: An ink including a self-dispersible pigment, acrylic resin particles, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. The self-dispersible pigment includes a phosphonic-acid-based self-dispersible pigment having a phosphonic acid group bonded directly or via another atomic group to a surface of particles of the pigment. The acrylic resin particles are formed of an acrylic resin containing a constituent unit derived from an ester-bond-containing monomer. The content of the constituent unit derived from the ester-bond-containing monomer in the acrylic resin is 60 mol % or more based on the total of the acrylic resin.

Abstract: An ink includes a self-dispersing pigment, polyurethane resin particles, a surfactant, and water. The self-dispersing pigment is a pigment having a phosphonic acid group bonded directly or via another atomic group to a surface thereof.

Abstract: Provided is an ink containing a pigment, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a surfactant., and having a viscosity at 25° C. of 5 mPa·s or more. The ink has a static surface tension of 30.5 mN/m or more to 35.0 mN/m or less, which is measured at 25° C. by a Wilhelmy method. The ink also has a dynamic surface tension at a bubble life time of 150 msec of 30.5 mN/m or more to 37.0 mN/m or less, which is measured at 25° C. by a maximum bubble pressure method.

Abstract: An ink including a self-dispersible pigment, acrylic resin particles, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. The self-dispersible pigment includes a phosphonic-acid-based self-dispersible pigment having a phosphonic acid group bonded directly or via another atomic group to a surface of particles of the pigment. The acrylic resin particles are formed of an acrylic resin containing a constituent unit derived from an ester-bond-containing monomer. The content of the constituent unit derived from the ester-bond-containing monomer in the acrylic resin is 60 mol % or more based on the total of the acrylic resin.

Abstract: Provided is an ink containing a pigment, a water-soluble organic solvent, and a surfactant represented by the following general formula (1), and having a viscosity at 25° C. of 5 mPa·s or more. The ink has a static surface tension of 27.1 mN/m or more and 35.0 mN/m or less, which is measured at 25° C. by a Wilhelmy method. The ink also has a dynamic surface tension at a bubble life time of 150 msec of 30.5 mN/m or more and 37.0 mN/m or less, which is measured at 25° C. by a maximum bubble pressure method.

Abstract: There is provided an ink including a pigment, resin particles, a surfactant, water-soluble organic compound, and water, in which: the content of the water-soluble organic compounds is 35 mass % or less based on a total mass of the ink; the water-soluble organic compound contains a first water-soluble organic compound being liquid at 25° C. and having a surface tension at 25° C.

Abstract: Provided is Ink including a pigment, a resin, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water, wherein a solid content of first liquid as prepared by diluting the ink 500-fold with water and by adding CaCl2 at a concentration of 1.5 mM has a rate of aggregation of 1.5 nm/second or less; and a solid content of second liquid as prepared, after the ink has been stored at 60° C. for 2 weeks, by diluting the ink 500-fold with water and by adding CaCl2 at a concentration of 5 mM has a rate of aggregation of 2.0 nm/second or more.

Abstract: An industrial demand response enabling system according to an aspect of the present invention includes a first determination device configured to specify a first facility and a second facility among facilities installed in an industrial installation, the first facility being capable of addressing reduction of electric power used by the facility by partially stopping the facility or reducing capacity, and the second facility being capable of addressing reduction of electric power used by the facility by changing an operating time period of the facility and calculate a first reducible amount of the electric power reducible by the first facility and a second reducible amount of the electric power reducible by the second facility.

Abstract: An ink jet image recording method includes applying a first ink and a second ink onto a recording medium. The first ink contains a surfactant expressed by general formula (1) with a content of V1 percent by mass relative to the total mass of the first ink and a liquid X being the portion other than the surfactant, and the second ink contains the surfactant with a content of V2 percent by mass lower than V1 relative to the total mass of the second ink and a liquid Y being the portion other than the surfactant. The liquids X and Y satisfy the specific requirement, and when liquids X? and Y? are prepared by adding the surfactant to the liquid X and Y, respectively, to a content of V2 percent by mass relative to the total mass of the respective liquids, the liquids X? and Y? satisfy a specific requirement.

Abstract: An ink containing a self-dispersing pigment, polyurethane resin particles, a surfactant, and water, wherein the self-dispersing pigment is a pigment having a phosphonate group bonded directly or via another atomic group to the surface of the pigment, wherein the polyurethane resin particles have an anionic functional group content of 0.1 mmol/g or more and 0.4 mmol/g or less on the surfaces of the polyurethane resin particles and have a volume average particle size of 10.0 nm or more and 50.0 nm or less, and the surfactant includes a surfactant represented by a general formula (1), wherein the amount of the surfactant represented by the general formula (1) is 0.05 times or more and 1.00 times or less the amount of the polyurethane resin particles.

Abstract: An image projection optical unit includes a digital micromirror device and a prism optical system. The digital micromirror device is configured to drive micromirrors, which are subjected to ON/OFF control, with respect to two axes. The prism optical system is configured to emit, to an image projection side, ON light reflected at the micromirror in an ON state among emitted light the intensity of which has been modulated by the digital micromirror device. An optical path, which is configured to emit, to the image projection side in a direction different from the ON light, OFF light reflected at the micromirror in an OFF state among the emitted light the intensity of which has been modulated by the digital micromirror device, is secured in the prism optical system.

Abstract: Provided is an ink containing a self-dispersible pigment, an acrylic resin particle, a surfactant, a water-soluble organic solvent, and water. The surfactant includes a fluorinated surfactant represented by Formula (1) and having an HLB value determined by a Griffin method of 11 or less. The water-soluble organic solvent includes at least one water-soluble organic solvent selected from a specific group, and the total content of the water-soluble organic solvents of the specific group is 4 times or more the total content of the water-soluble organic solvents other than the solvents of the specific group. The total content of the self-dispersible pigment and the acrylic resin particle is 10% by mass or less based on the total mass of the ink.

Abstract: A projection type image display apparatus (1) comprises a focus correction system (30). The system includes a temperature detection mechanism (16) for measuring temperature in the vicinity of a projection lens group (13), a correction amount calculation unit (18) for calculating a correction amount for correcting the focus shift caused by a temperature change, and a driving signal generation unit (19) for generating, based on the correction amount, a driving signal for driving a focus adjustment mechanism (15). If the user performs a focus adjustment using a focus operation input unit (23), a focus operation determination unit (21) determines that a focus adjustment has occurred independently of the focus correction system and changes a correction condition stored in a memory (20).

Abstract: A subframe structure being supported by a vehicle-body frame and supporting a vehicular power plant through a damping device. The subframe structure includes: a longitudinal member which extends in a front-rear direction of a vehicle and is rigidly fixed to the vehicle-body frame; a lateral member which extends in a vehicle width direction and on which at least one of the damping devices is mounted; a floating mechanism which floatingly supports the lateral member on the longitudinal member through an elastic mechanism; and a suspension arm connected to the longitudinal member.

Abstract: An image recording method includes a conveyance process for conveying a recording medium and an ink-applying process for applying a first ink and a second ink to the recording medium, wherein the first ink and the second ink contain a surfactant represented by Formula (1), the amount of the surfactant represented by Formula (1) in the first ink is greater than the amount of the surfactant represented by Formula (1) in the second ink, and a liquid X prepared by removing the surfactant represented by Formula (1) from the first ink and a liquid Y prepared by removing the surfactant represented by Formula (1) from the second ink satisfy a particular condition.

Abstract: An ink of this invention contains a self-dispersible pigment having a phosphonic acid group bonded directly or through another atomic group to the surface of the self-dispersible pigment, polyurethane resin particles, a monovalent inorganic salt, and water.