Abstract: A signal processing method for determining base sequence of nucleic acids by subjecting digital signals to signal processing, said digital signals corresponding to an autoradiograph of plural resolved rows which are formed by resolving a mixture of base-specific DNA fragments or base-specific RNA fragments labeled with a radioactive element in one-dimensional direction on a support medium,which comprises steps of:(1) detecting at least two bands continuously in the lower part of each resolved row and numbering the bands consecutively in order from the lower end;(2) obtaining correlation of a distance between the detected bands in the resolving direction with the band's number and predicting positions of undetected bands in the resolving direction from the correlation;(3) detecting at least one band on the resolved rows on the basis of the predicted positions and numbering the bands consecutively;(4) obtaining the correlation of the distance between the bands with the band's number for the already detected ban

Abstract: A new method of photoelectrically reading out a radiation image of one or more spots which is stored and recorded on a stimulable phosphor sheet, to determine position of the spot on the phosphor sheet, comprises the steps of: scanning the stimulable phosphor sheet under rotation twice with stimulating rays giving a linear irradiation area on a surface of the phosphor sheet to form in total an irradiated area in the form of a ring; detecting stimulated emissions caused by a series of the irradiations of stimulating rays separately for each scanning, for obtaining information as to whether the spot is present or absent on the irradiated linear area; and locating the position of the spot on the phosphor sheet by combining the information of the spot obtained in the twice scanning.

Abstract: A stimulable phosphor sheet carrying a radiation image stored thereon is mounted on a first rotary plate, and a stimulating light beam is projected onto the sheet while the first rotary plate is rotated, thereby effecting main scanning of the sheet by the stimulating light beam. The stimulating light beam is moved relative to the first rotary plate in a radial direction of the first rotary plate to effect sub-scanning of the sheet by the stimulating light beam. Light emitted by the sheet upon stimulation by the stimulating light beam is photoelectrically detected by a photoelectric converter, thereby obtaining an image signal.

Abstract: A method for analyzing autoradiography by subjecting digital signals corresponding to an autoradiograph having information on two-dimensional location of radioactively labeled substances resolved on a support medium to signal processing, to obtain the locational information on the radioactively labeled substances in the form of visual indicia, which includes the steps of:(1) electrically displaying the autoradiograph in the form of an image on the basis of the digital signals;(2) extracting signals in a given area along resolved rows of the radioactively labeled substances on the basis of input information on the rows determined from the display image; and(3) subjecting the extracted signals to one-dimensional signal processing to detect resolved portions.

Abstract: An element for electrophoresis suitably employable for electrophoresis of biopolymers such as proteins, as well as for the determination of the base sequence of DNA, RNA, their fragments, and their derivatives, which comprises a plastic support, a nonconductive metal oxide layer, and an electrophoresis medium layer comprising an aqueous polyacrylamide gel formed by crosslinking polymerization of an acrylamide compound and a crosslinking agent in the presence of water, which are superposed in this order. The electrophoresis medium layer may contain a water-soluble polymer and agarose. The medium layer may contain a modifier such as an anionic surfactant, formamide or urea.

Abstract: An autoradiographic process for obtaining information on one or two dimensional location of radioactively labeled substances originating from an organism and resolved on a support medium, which comprises:(1) causing a stimulable phosphor sheet comprising a stimulable phosphor, which is combined with said support medium in layers or has been integrated with said support medium, to absorb at least a portion of radiation energy emitted by the radioactively labeled substances in the support medium; and(2) placing a photosensitive material on said stimulable phosphor sheet, and irradiating the phosphor sheet with stimulating rays to release the radiation energy stored in the phosphor sheet as stimulated emission, whereby the photosensitive material is exposed to the stimulated emission to obtain locational information on he radioactively labeled substances as an image on the photosensitive material.

Abstract: A medium for electrophoresis which is substantially free from smiling effect or is reduced in the smiling effect, in which both side portions along the direction of electrophoresis are made thicker than the center portion. A support preferably employed for the preparation of the medium is also disclosed.

Abstract: A process for electrophoresis employing a medium wherein the potential gradient along the direction of electrophoresis is made larger at both side portions of the medium than at the center portion thereof. A medium for employable for said process in that the length of the both side portions along the direction of electrophoresis is made shorter than that of the center portion is disclosed. Also disclosed is a support for the medium.

Abstract: A recording medium for reflective readout in an optical information recording system. The medium comprises a substrate such as PET or PMMA on emulsion layer of silver halide material and an optical protective layer. The emulsion is exposed to a laser source to form a latent data image and is then developed to exhibit a glossy silver metallic image. Playback uses established systems.

Abstract: An optical information storage system having a data record with control markings therein and an optical readout system including a scanner. The readout system uses a laser light source and focusing optics to direct the light onto the data record for modulation and subsequent readout of the modulated light. Shutter elements are interposed to intercept the transmission of light in response to control signals in the data. The shutter, of the electronic type such as lead lanthanum zirconate titanate, may be positioned either between the source of light and the scanner or between the data record and the readout.