Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor element, a connection electrode formed on the semiconductor element, and alignment marks formed on the semiconductor element. At least one of the alignment marks is made of a magnetic material.

Abstract: A variable-length code decoding apparatus that decodes a bitstream includes: a storage unit that stores a variable-length code table; a bitstream cutout unit that outputs a bit string of a fixed length; a reference unit that outputs decoded data and a code length with reference to the storage unit; a determination unit that determines whether a bit string of the fixed length is accumulated; a determination unit that determines whether a bit string of a length that is shorter than the fixed length is accumulated; and a selection unit that selects one of the determination results from the determination units. The bitstream cutout unit sets a starting bit based on the selected determination result, and the selection unit switches the selection of the determination results from the determination units.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus and a method for knitting fabric using elastic yarns, in which the elastic yarns are able to be used while correcting the difference between the set tension and the actual tension without being subject to a lowered knitting efficiency or restrictions to knitting patterns. In a knitting machine 1, a tension meter 7 detects the actual tension T2 of a rubber yarn 5 when a carriage 3 reverses the running direction outside the knitting width of a fabric 9. The yarn sending length F at which the rubber yarn 5 is sent out from a yarn sending device 8 to a yarn route pathway for each knitting course is able to be obtained in advance as the length of the rubber yarn 5 consumed under the designated tension T1 for each knitting course. The yarn sending length F is corrected in such a manner that the difference between natural lengths L1, L2 of the rubber yarn 5, existing in the yarn route pathway under the set tension T1 and the actual tension T2, decreases.

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel photosensitizer that can absorb light in a wide visible light region and in the case of a very thin film form, can enhance a light absorption efficiency by virtue of a large light absorption coefficient.

Abstract: To provide an apparatus and a method for knitting fabric using elastic yarns, in which the elastic yarns are able to be used while correcting the difference between the set tension and the actual tension without being subject to a lowered knitting efficiency or restrictions to knitting patterns. In a knitting machine 1, a tension meter 7 detects the actual tension T2 of a rubber yarn 5 when a carriage 3 reverses the running direction outside the knitting width of a fabric 9. The yarn sending length F at which the rubber yarn 5 is sent out from a yarn sending device 8 to a yarn route pathway for each knitting course is able to be obtained in advance as the length of the rubber yarn 5 consumed under the designated tension T1 for each knitting course. The yarn sending length F is corrected in such a manner that the difference between natural lengths L1, L2 of the rubber yarn 5, existing in the yarn route pathway under the set tension T1 and the actual tension T2, decreases.

Abstract: A variable-length code decoding apparatus that decodes a bitstream includes: a storage unit that stores a variable-length code table; a bitstream cutout unit that outputs a bit string of a fixed length; a reference unit that outputs decoded data and a code length with reference to the storage unit; a determination unit that determines whether a bit string of the fixed length is accumulated; a determination unit that determines whether a bit string of a length that is shorter than the fixed length is accumulated; and a selection unit that selects one of the determination results from the determination units. The bitstream cutout unit sets a starting bit based on the selected determination result, and the selection unit switches the selection of the determination results from the determination units.

Abstract: A moving picture decoding device according to the present invention includes: a determination unit configured to determine the header information and the compressed image data in the stream; a header information storage unit configured to temporarily store the header information determined by the determination unit; a header address storage unit configured to store a header end address indicating an end of header information in a picture, the header end address being an address of the header information storage unit; a compressed image storage unit configured to temporarily store the compressed image data determined by the determination unit; an image address storage unit configured to store an image end address indicating an end of compressed image data in the picture, the image end address being an address of the compressed image storage unit; a header analysis unit configured to analyze the header information for each picture, based on the header end address; and a decoding unit configured to decode the co

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for fabricating a dual damascene interconnection. The method begins by forming on a substrate a dielectric layer that includes an organosilicon material, forming a via photoresist pattern over the dielectric layer, and etching a via in the dielectric layer using the via photoresist pattern as an etch mask. The via photoresist pattern is removed and a trench photoresist pattern is formed over the dielectric layer. A trench, connected to the via, is etched in the dielectric layer using the trench photoresist pattern as an etch mask. The trench photoresist pattern is removed and carbon ions are implanted into exposed surfaces of the via and the trench. A barrier layer is formed that overlies the via and the trench. Finally, interconnections are completed by filling the trench and the via with copper.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for fabricating a dual damascene interconnection. The method begins by forming on a substrate a dielectric layer that includes an organosilicon material, forming a via photoresist pattern over the dielectric layer, and etching a via in the dielectric layer using the via photoresist pattern as an etch mask. The via photoresist pattern is removed and a trench photoresist pattern is formed over the dielectric layer. A trench, connected to the via, is etched in the dielectric layer using the trench photoresist pattern as an etch mask. The trench photoresist pattern is removed and carbon ions are implanted into exposed surfaces of the via and the trench. A barrier layer is formed that overlies the via and the trench. Finally, interconnections are completed by filling the trench and the via with copper.

Abstract: An information delivery system having a service section; a plurality of nodes connected to the service section through a network and allocated with specific addresses that are unique within the network; and terminal devices for system users connected to the service section and the plurality of nodes through the network; wherein the service section acquires profile data of each node user through each node and analyzes the person profile data in order to mediate between each node user and each system user according to the profile data to help exchange information.

Abstract: A router device and a label switched path control method capable of reducing the number of label switched paths to be set up by using an upstream initiated procedure in which the label allocation starts from an ingress router are disclosed. In the router device, a router identification information of a target router to be set as an egress router if possible is stored in an egress router list at a time of setting up a label switched path from the router device as an ingress router, and a control to set up the label switched path to the target router stored in the egress router list is carried out.

Abstract: An electrochromic element comprises an ion conduction layer between two conducting substrates, at least one of which is transparent. The ion conduction layer contains an organic compounds, which has both a structure exhibiting a cathodic electrochromic characteristic and a structure exhibiting an anodic electrochromic characteristic.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an ion conductive sheet which comprises (a) a polymeric matrix made of at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyether polymers, polyvinylidene fluoride polymers, polyacrylonitrile polymers, and polyacrylate polymers and at least one ion conductive substance selected from the group consisting of (b) supporting electrolytes and solvents, (c) salts meltable at ordinary temperature, and (d) salts meltable at ordinary temperature and solvents.

Abstract: A router device and a label switched path control method capable of reducing the number of label switched paths to be set up by using an upstream initiated procedure in which the label allocation starts from an ingress router are disclosed. In the router device, a router identification information of a target router to be set as an egress router if possible is stored in an egress router list at a time of setting up a label switched path from the router device as an ingress router, and a control to set up the label switched path to the target router stored in the egress router list is carried out.

Abstract: An electrochromic element comprises an ion conduction layer between two conducting substrates, at least one of which is transparent. The ion conduction layer contains an organic compounds, which has both a structure exhibiting a cathodic electrochromic characteristic and a structure exhibiting an anodic electrochromic characteristic.

Abstract: An electrochromic element comprises an ion conduction layer between two conducting substrates, at least one of which is transparent. The ion conduction layer contains an organic compound, which has both a structure exhibiting a cathodic electorchromic characteristic and a structure exhibiting an anodic electrochromic characteristic.

Abstract: An information delivery system having a service section; a plurality of nodes connected to the service section through a network and allocated with specific addresses that are unique within the network; and terminal devices for system users connected to the service section and the plurality of nodes through the network; wherein the service section acquires profile data of each node user through each node and analyzes the person profile data in order to mediate between each node user and each system user according to the profile data to help exchange information.

Abstract: An electrochromic element comprises an ion conduction layer between two conducting substrates, at least one of which is transparent. The ion conduction layer contains an organic compound, which has both a structure exhibiting a cathodic electorchromic characteristic and a structure exhibiting an anodic electrochromic characteristic.

Abstract: An ultraviolet absorbing material prepared by reacting (a) an aminosilane compound of general formula (1) or a derivative thereof wherein R1 is C1-C10 alkylene or —(CH2)m—NH— (wherein m is an integer of 1 to 4); R23 s are each independently hydrogen, hydroxyl, halogeno, C1-C10 alkyl or C1-C10 alkoxy, with the proviso that at least one of R2 is C1-C10 alkoxy; and n is an integer of 0 or above with (b) an ultraviolet absorber having a carboxyl group in the molecule in such a way as to form an amide linkage resulting from the above aminosilane compound or derivative thereof. This material can form an ultraviolet absorbing layer and is favorably applicable to ultraviolet-absorbing glass (ultraviolet absorbing plate), optical devices and light modulators.

Abstract: A novel silane compound is disclosed, which is used as a suitable strating material (monomer) of polysilane eligible for the precursor of electroconductive- and photoconductive-materials such as phtoresists as well as polymerization initiators and silicone carbide-based ceramics and which is useful for chemical vapor deposition.