Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a polymer electrolyte made of an ion exchange membrane, catalyst layers disposed on both sides thereof and current collectors disposed on the outer sides thereof, wherein a solvent-soluble fluorine-containing polymer (preferably a polymer having a fluorine-containing aliphatic ring structure) having substantially no ion exchange groups, is incorporated in the current collectors. By the above construction, the current collectors can have a high water repellency for a long period of time, and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell can operate at a high output density constantly over a long period of time.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a plurality of membrane electrode assemblies laminated via separators, each assembly comprising a membrane-form polymer electrolyte and a pair of a fuel electrode and an air electrode facing each other via the electrolyte, wherein as the separator, a separator made of a metal/non-metal composite material, is used which has a fuel gas channel, an oxidant channel and a fluid channel for cooling, and at least side walls of the fluid channel for cooling are made of metal and at least faces which are in contact with the membrane electrode assemblies are made of non-metal. The separators are excellent in the dimensional stability and air-tightness and light in weight, and the polymer electrolyte fuel cell having such separators can maintain a high performance constantly for a long time.

Abstract: An electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is a porous gas diffusion electrode comprising a catalyst powder and an ion exchange resin, wherein a solvent-soluble fluorine-containing polymer having substantially no ion exchange groups exists at least at a part of the inner surface of pores of the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is a porous gas diffusion electrode comprising a catalyst powder and an ion exchange resin, wherein a solvent-soluble fluorine-containing polymer having substantially no ion exchange groups exists at least at a part of the inner surface of pores of the electrode.

Abstract: An electrode for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, which is a porous gas diffusion electrode comprising a catalyst powder and an ion exchange resin, wherein a solvent-soluble fluorine-containing polymer having substantially no ion exchange groups exists at least at a part of the inner surface of pores of the electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell, which has a tubular polymer electrolyte membrane, with a fuel electrode on one of inner and outer sides of the membrane, and with an air electrode on the other side of the membrane.

Abstract: It is to provide an electrode/membrane assembly (8) for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell, comprising, as an anode (6) and/or cathode (7), a gas diffusion electrode which comprises a gas diffusion layer (5, 5′) comprising a carbon cloth (1, 1′) and a water repellent carbon layer (2, 2′) formed on the surface of the carbon cloth, and a catalyst layer (3, 3′) containing a catalyst and a fluorocarbon sulfonic acid type ion exchange resin, formed on the gas diffusion layer, and which contains a solvent-soluble fluorine-containing polymer having substantially no ion exchange group, and comprising an ion exchange membrane (4) sandwiched therebetween and bonded to each other.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising an ion exchange membrane, and a cathode and an anode facing each other via the ion exchange membrane, wherein the cathode comprises an ion exchange resin and an electrode catalyst having platinum or a platinum alloy deposited on a carbon support which has an average lattice spacing of (002) d002 calculated by the X-ray diffraction data, of from 0.340 to 0.362 nm, a microcrystallite size Lc of from 0.6 to 4 nm and a specific surface area of from 260 to 800 m2/g.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fuel cell comprising a membrane-form solid polymer electrolyte, a fuel electrode disposed on one side of the polymer electrolyte, and an air electrode disposed on the other side of the polymer electrolyte, wherein each of the fuel electrode and the air electrode is made of a gas diffusion electrode having a catalyst covered with a fluorocarbon ion exchange resin, and the ion exchange capacity of the ion exchange resin of the fuel electrode is larger than the ion exchange capacity of the ion exchange resin of the air electrode.

Abstract: A process for producing 1,1-dichloro-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, which comprises isomerizing 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane to form 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2,2-trifluoroethane, followed by fluorination with hydrofluoric acid.

Abstract: A glass forming mold which comprises a substrate made of stainless steel and a coating comprising the following components formed as the outermost surface coating on the substrate: (1) from 40 to 94 wt % of nickel and/or cobalt as component A; (2) from 5 to 59 wt % of tungsten as component B; and (3) from 0.5 to 40 wt % of at least one transition element having a melting point of at least 2,200.degree. C. as component C.

Abstract: A process for producing a hydrogen-containing 2,2-difluoropropane of the following formula (2), which comprises subjecting a 2,2-difluoropropane of the following formula (1) to hydrogen reduction:C.sub.3 H.sub.a Cl.sub.b F.sub.c (1)C.sub.3 H.sub.a+x Cl.sub.b-y F.sub.c-z (2)wherein a, b, c, x, y and z are integers satisfying the following conditions:a.gtoreq.0, b.gtoreq.1, c.gtoreq.2, x.gtoreq.1, y.gtoreq.0, z.gtoreq.0, a+b+c=8, x=y+z b-y.gtoreq.0, and c-z.gtoreq.2.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a hydrogen-containing chloromethane such as chloroform at high selectivity in good yield by reducing a polychloromethane such as carbon tetrachloride in the presence of a reduction catalyst.In the present invention, it is important to conduct the reduction reaction in a liquid phase, whereby formation of impurities such as polymers which deactivate the catalyst, can effectively be suppressed, and the high selectivity and high activity of the reduction catalyst can adequately be obtained.As the reduction catalyst, at least one member selected from elements of Groups 8, 9 and 10, such as ruthenium, rhodium, palladium and platinum, may suitably be employed. Also a catalyst comprising, as the main component, such an element and having at least one member of Group 11 elements such as copper, silver and gold added thereto, may also suitably be employed.

Abstract: An electrolytic capacitor comprising a capacitor element and an electrolyte impregnated to the element, wherein the electrolyte comprises a reaction product of citraconic acid with trialkylamine dissolved in a solvent selected from the group consisting of lactones, glycols and mixtures thereof.