Abstract: A block copolymer includes an end group, a block that binds to the end group, and a block that does not bind to the end group. The block that does not bind to the end group contains at least one non-crosslinkable constitutional unit represented by the formula (X) and/or at least one non-crosslinkable constitutional unit represented by the formula (Z). At least one of formulas (i) XI>XII, (ii) ZI>ZII and (iii) XI+ZI>XII+ZII is satisfied when the total number of non-crosslinkable constitutional units represented by formulas (X) and (Z) in the block that does not bind to the end group are represented by XI and ZI, respectively, and the total number of non-crosslinkable constitutional units represented by formulas (X) and (Z) in the block that binds to the end group are represented by XII and ZII, respectively.

Abstract: A planar illumination apparatus according to an embodiment includes a light guiding plate, a frame member, and an attenuation part. The light guiding plate includes a light extracting surface; and a light incident side surface on which light emitted from a light source is made incident. The light incident side surface is a side surface intersecting with the light extracting surface. The frame member including side walls are arranged to be along side surfaces other than the light incident side surface of the light guiding plate. The side walls are separated from the side surfaces. The attenuation part is arranged close to at least one of the side surfaces other than the light incident side surface to attenuate light emitted from the at least one side surface.

Abstract: A planar illumination apparatus according to an embodiment includes a light guiding plate, a frame member, and an attenuation part. The light guiding plate includes a light extracting surface; and a light incident side surface on which light emitted from a light source is made incident. The light incident side surface is a side surface intersecting with the light extracting surface. The frame member including side walls are arranged to be along side surfaces other than the light incident side surface of the light guiding plate. The side walls are separated from the side surfaces. The attenuation part is arranged close to at least one of the side surfaces other than the light incident side surface to attenuate light emitted from the at least one side surface.