Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a microorganism or micro-particle in real time includes a collection module comprising a condensation element unit which condenses water particles in an atmosphere and forms a droplet to which a microorganism or micro-particle in the atmosphere adheres to, and a collection channel unit which gathers the droplet and generates a droplet stream and a sensing module including a counting module. The droplet stream is introduced to the sensing module, and the sensing module detects and counts the microorganism or micro-particle which is adhered to the introduced droplet stream.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting a microorganism or micro-particle in real time includes an electrical charging module which electrically charges a microorganism or micro-particle in an atmosphere, a collection module which collects the electrically charged microorganism or micro-particle by using a potential difference, a preprocessing module which applies a fluorescent material to the collected microorganism or micro-particle and a sensing module which irradiates a light, senses a microorganism or micro-particle which reacts to the light and detects a concentration of the microorganism or micro-particle in the atmosphere.

Abstract: A restrictor with a structure to prevent a back flow of ink and an inkjet head including the restrictor. In the inkjet head, an ink channel is formed in a channel plate, and the ink channel includes an ink inlet, a plurality of pressure chambers, a manifold, a plurality of restrictors respectively connecting the pressure chambers to the manifold, and a plurality of nozzles. Piezoelectric actuators are formed on the channel plate. Each of the restrictors includes a plurality of protrusions formed on an inner surface thereof in a structure suitable to increase a flow resistance of the restrictor when ink flows from the pressure chamber to the manifold through the restrictor. Each of the protrusions includes a first surface facing a flow of ink moving through the restrictor in a direction from the manifold to the pressure chamber, and a second surface facing a flow of ink moving through the restrictor in a direction from the pressure chamber to the manifold.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus for a TFT substrate formed with a plurality of pixels, includes a reference substrate being opposite to and spaced from the TFT substrate and formed with a plurality of reference patterns corresponding to the pixels, a power supply to supply power to both a predetermined number of the pixels and the corresponding reference pattern to form an electric field in a space between the TFT substrate and the reference substrate, an electron beam emitter to emit an electron beam to travel from a first side to a second side of the space, an electron beam detector to detect the electron beam emitted from the electron beam emitter and passed through the space, and a controller to determine whether the TFT substrate includes a defective pixel based on a location of the electron beam detected by the electron beam detector. Thus, the inspection apparatus can correctly and quickly inspect the TFT substrate for defects in a low vacuum state regardless a size of the TFT substrate.

Abstract: An inkjet printer and a printing method using the inkjet printer. The inkjet printer to form an image on a single sheet of paper by performing a plurality of printing jobs on the paper includes a print head fixed to the inkjet printer to perform a printing job on the paper which moves relative to the print head, and a paper rotating member to rotate the paper on which printing job has been performed by the print head 90 degrees in a horizontal direction, wherein the paper fed to the print head in a first direction corresponding to the printing job to be performed by the print head, is rotated 90 degrees in a horizontal direction by the paper rotating member, and then the rotated paper is fed to the print head in a second direction opposite to the first direction and a printing job is repeatedly performed on the paper by the print head.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) and a method are provided for fabricating the a LED with an improved structure for better light emitting efficiency and better light output performance.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device can includes first and second metal layers used as electrodes on a substrate, an electron transport layer on the first metal layer, a first partition wall insulating the first metal layer from the second metal layer and extending onto the electron transport layer along the first metal layer, a second partition wall on the first metal layer around the electron transport layer, a third partition wall separated from the first partition wall and on the second metal layer, an organic light emitting layer on the electron transport layer, a hole transport layer on the organic light emitting layer and contacting the second metal layer, a protecting layer covering the hole transport layer and extending to the first and second metal layers beyond the second and third partition walls, and sealing materials filling spaces between the protecting layer and the first and second layers.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) and a method are provided for fabricating the a LED with an improved structure for better light emitting efficiency and better light output performance.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device includes first and second metal layers used as electrodes on a substrate, an electron transport layer on the first metal layer, a first partition wall insulating the first metal layer from the second metal layer and extending onto the electron transport layer along the first metal layer, a second partition wall on the first metal layer around the electron transport layer, a third partition wall separated from the first partition wall and on the second metal layer, an organic light emitting layer on the electron transport layer, a hole transport layer on the organic light emitting layer and contacting the second metal layer, a protecting layer covering the hole transport layer and extending to the first and second metal layers beyond the second and third partition walls, and sealing materials filling spaces between the protecting layer and the first and second layers.

Abstract: A flat panel display device comprises a substrate, an organic light emitting diode formed on the substrate, an inner stack encapsulating the light emitting diode and comprising at least one organic layer and one inorganic layer, and an outer stack deposited to cover the inner stack and comprising at least two polymer layers and an adhesive and bonding layer disposed therebetween to combine the at least two polymer layers and a polymer heat-curing film disposed at an interface of each of the polymer layers and the adhesive and bonding layer and cured by heat treatment. According to the present invention, the flat panel display device and a manufacturing method for the same reliably seals the organic light emitting device and prevents degradation by permeation of external harmful materials, while providing high flexibility and low manufacturing cost.

Abstract: An organic light emitting display and a manufacturing method thereof include an improved encapsulation layer. The encapsulation layer of the organic light emitting display includes an organic layer uniformly covering bank portions and light emitting areas on a substrate; and an inorganic layer formed thicker on the light emitting areas than on the bank portions. In the organic light emitting display, the inorganic layer is thick on the light emitting area in which a sealing ability is required and the bank portion is thin in order to provide flexibility. Therefore, the encapsulation layer can be formed more easily compared to an encapsulation layer on a device in which the organic layer and inorganic layer are alternately formed at least 10 times.

Abstract: A flat panel display device including a display area where an image is displayed and a non-display area located at an outside of the display area includes bank portions arranged in a pattern in the display area and partitioning a plurality of openings, emission elements located in the openings, dummy bank portions formed in the non-display area and integrated therewith, and a sealing passivation layer having a multi-layered structure of organic films and inorganic films alternately arranged, one organic film being located at an interface directly contacting the emission element and one inorganic film located firstly on an outermost portion of the dummy bank portions when the sealing passivation layer extends from the display area to the non-display area.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) and a method are provided for fabricating the a LED with an improved structure for better light emitting efficiency and better light output performance.

Abstract: A plasma display panel (PDP) and a method of manufacturing the panel includes sustain electrodes having a double gap structure and a predetermined resistance value. Each of the sustain electrodes includes a main electrode for sustaining a discharge and an auxiliary electrode for starting a low-voltage discharge without decreasing efficiency. A gap between auxiliary electrodes included in different sustain electrodes, respectively, is narrower than a gap between the different sustain electrodes. Each auxiliary electrode is formed between barrier ribs or immediately above a barrier rib. A ditch is formed in a dielectric layer covering the main electrodes and the auxiliary electrodes. The ditch is formed immediately above an auxiliary electrode.

Abstract: In a memory device, a transistor may be formed on a substrate, and a first electrode may be electrically connected thereto. A phase change material film may be vertically formed on the first electrode, and a second electrode may be formed on the phase change material film.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus for a TFT substrate formed with a plurality of pixels, includes a reference substrate being opposite to and spaced from the TFT substrate and formed with a plurality of reference patterns corresponding to the pixels, a power supply to supply power to both a predetermined number of the pixels and the corresponding reference pattern to form an electric field in a space between the TFT substrate and the reference substrate, an electron beam emitter to emit an electron beam to travel from a first side to a second side of the space, an electron beam detector to detect the electron beam emitted from the electron beam emitter and passed through the space, and a controller to determine whether the TFT substrate includes a defective pixel based on a location of the electron beam detected by the electron beam detector. Thus, the inspection apparatus can correctly and quickly inspect the TFT substrate for defects in a low vacuum state regardless a size of the TFT substrate.

Abstract: In a memory device, at least one conductive contact having a width of less than, or equal to, about 30 nm may be formed on a first electrode. A dielectric layer may be formed on the sides of the at least one conductive contact, and a phase change material film may be formed on the conductive contact. A second electrode may be formed on the phase change material.

Abstract: An electrode for an electrochemical cell is provided. The electrode comprises an electrode active material coated on a current collector. The surface of the electrode active material has a greater porosity than the portion nearest the current collector. The electrode includes an active material with controlled porosity, where the porosity of the inner portion is equal to or less than the porosity of the surface of the electrode after the electrode is roll-pressed. As a result, the impregnating characteristics of the electrolytic solution are improved and decreases in capacity upon charging and discharging at high rates are prevented. Therefore, excellent charge and discharge characteristics are obtained. In addition, cells including the inventive electrodes exhibit excellent charge and discharge characteristics.

Abstract: An anode active material comprises graphite core particles, and a first coating layer and a second coating layer formed on the surface of the graphite core particles. The first coating layer comprises silicon microparticles and the second coating layer comprises carbon fiber.

Abstract: A piezoelectric inkjet printhead including a reversible shutter disposed in an ink flow path is disclosed. The inkjet printhead may includes a plurality of ink pressure chambers, a plurality of piezoelectric actuators to provide the plurality of ink pressure chambers with a driving force for ink ejection, an ink manifold to supply the plurality of pressure chambers, a plurality of restrictors disposed in the ink flow path between the manifold and the plurality of pressure chambers, a plurality of ink ejecting nozzles coupled to the plurality of pressure chambers, and a plurality of unidirectional shutters. The shutters may be disposed at respective outlets of the plurality of restrictors and may be adapted to open the restrictor when ink is supplied from the restrictor to the pressure chamber and close the restrictor and restrict or prevent the backflow of ink when ink is ejected from the pressure chamber through the nozzle.