Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for applying at least one surface portion of a transfer layer of a transfer film to a web of material, wherein the apparatus has at least one support roller and at least one pressure roller for pressing the web of material and the transfer firm against the at least one support roller, wherein the at least one pressure roller is pneumatically or hydraulically resiliently supported by means of at least one resilient arrangement in the form of a diaphragm spring and wherein the apparatus has at least one adjusting device for varying a spring rate of the at least one resilient arrangement and thus for varying a pressure contact force of the at least one pressure roller against the at least one support roller, and the use of such an apparatus.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method of and an apparatus for producing at least one window opening (7) in an elongate paper substrate (1) which is virtually subdivided into paper sheet portions transversely with respect to its longitudinal axis. The method includes the following steps: a) the paper substrate (1) is provided with at least one water mark (2) per paper sheet portion; b) the position of at least one water mark (2) on the paper substrate (1) is detected by means of at least one sensor unit (3); and c) the paper substrate (1) is now fed to a unit for producing openings in the paper substrate (1), which unit is actuated in such a way that at least one window opening (7) is produced per paper sheet portion in the paper substrate (1) on the basis of the position of the at least one water mark (2), that is detected by the at least one sensor unit (3).

Abstract: The invention concerns an apparatus for applying at least one surface portion of a transfer layer of a transfer film to a web of material, wherein the apparatus has at least one support roller and at least one pressure roller for pressing the web of material and the transfer firm against the at least one support roller, wherein the at least one pressure roller is pneumatically or hydraulically resiliently supported by means of at least one resilient arrangement in the form of a diaphragm spring and wherein the apparatus has at least one adjusting device for varying a spring rate of the at least one resilient arrangement and thus for varying a pressure contact force of the at least one pressure roller against the at least one support roller, and the use of such an apparatus.

Abstract: A web guidance device for a calender and a method of threading a web through a calender. The web guidance device is for a roll stack having several rolls which form a plurality of nips, and includes a movable web guidance device which is fixable in at least one insertion position and arranged on at least one side of the roll stack, wherein the web guidance device guides a beginning of the web through the roll stack. The method is for threading a material web through a calender which has a roll stack having at least a first nip and a second nip, and includes feeding a web beginning through a first nip from one side of the roll stack, engaging the web beginning on the other side of the roll stack with a web guidance device, and guiding the web beginning to a second nip with the web guidance device.

Abstract: Apparatus and process for smoothing of a material web. The apparatus includes at least one deflection adjustment roll having a soft surface, and at least one heatable endless band having a hard and smooth surface. The at least one heatable endless band is arranged into a band loop having an inner surface. At least one support surface is located within the band loop, and the at least one heatable endless band is guided over the at least one support surface. The at least one deflection adjustment roll and the at least one heatable endless band is arranged to form at least one smoothing zone adapted act on the material web. At least one heating medium supply device is positioned adjacent the inner surface and adapted to heat the inner surface and to create a liquid film for hydrodynamic lubrication between the at least one support surface and the at least one heatable endless band.