Abstract: The invention relates to electrooptical light modulating elements, to electrooptical displays containing elements of this type, and to display systems, e.g. television screens and computer monitors, and to the modulating media used therein. The inventive light modulating elements contain a mesogenic modulating medium that exists in an optically isotropic phase when the light modulating elements are in operation and, in addition to having a good contrast, a low dependency on the viewing angle and very short switching times, they are particularly characterized by having relatively low driving voltages with a very low dependency on temperature. The inventive modulating media are characterized in that they contain a chiral constituent. They preferably also contain an achiral constituent. Especially preferred, the control media comprise a blue phase.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds with positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that said medium contains one or more alkenyl compounds of the formula (I) and one or more compounds of the formula (IA) wherein R, R1, R2, ring A and ring B, L1, L2; L3; L4; X, Z1, Z2, y and z have the meanings cited in Claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclobutane derivatives of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, A, Z, m, n and o have the meaning indicated in claim 1, to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media, and to liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention.

Abstract: The invention relates to chiral phenols, preferably of formula (I), the different parameters having the meaning indicated in the description, liquid crystal media which contain said compounds as chiral doping agents and/or stabilizers, and the use thereof in electro-optical displays.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electro-optical light modulation element, to electro-optical displays and display systems containing elements of this type, such as, for example, television screens and computer monitors, and to the modulation media used. The light modulation elements according to the invention contain a mesogenic modulation medium which is in an optically isotropic phase during operation of the light modulation elements and, besides good contrast, low viewing-angle dependence and very short response times, are particularly distinguished by relatively low driving voltages. The modulation media according to the invention are distinguished by a combination of large dielectric susceptibility in the optically isotropic phase with small enthalpy of clearing or the occurrence of a blue phase. At a temperature of 4° above the clearing point or conversion temperature (T(N*,BP)), the dielectric susceptibility of the modulation medium is preferably 25 or more and the enthalpy of clearing is 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a photostable liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one compound of the formula I and at least one compound of the formula II and to the use thereof for electro-optical purposes, and to displays containing this medium.

Abstract: Tetrahydropyran derivatives having at least one ester group (—CO—O—) and at least one group —CN, —NCS, —F, —Cl, —OCHF2, —OCF3, —CF3, —OCHFCF3, —OCF2CHFCF3, SF5, or —OCF2CF3; a process for preparing said tetrahydropyran derivatives, and the use of said tetrahydropyran derivatives as a component in a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I in which R1, L1 and L2 are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I in which R1, L1 and L2 are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, which contains: one or more compounds of the general formula I ?in which R, ?Y, Z and n are as defined in claim 1, one or more compounds of the following formulae IIa, IIb, IIc and IId and one or more compounds of the formula in which Ro, Xo, Y2 and r are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium having a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy is described.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, comprising at least one pyran compound of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds C1 to C9 in which R, R1, the rings A, B and P, L1, L2, X, X1, Z1, Z2, m and n are as defined in Claim 1, and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline phenol esters of the formula I in which R, A1, Z1, m, L and Y are as defined in Claim 1, to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one phenol ester of the formula I, and to electro-optical displays containing such a liquid-crystalline medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one pyran compound of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds C-1 to C-5 in which the R, R1, the rings A, B and P, L1-6, X, X1, Z1, Z2, m and n are as defined above and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alignment layer comprising a polymerized liquid crystal material with homeotrophic orientation, to methods of its preparation, to polymerizable liquid crystal compositions and liquid crystal polymers used for the preparation of the alignment layer, to liquid crystal devices comprising the alignment layer, and to a method of controlling the electrooptical steepness of a liquid crystal display comprising at least one alignment layer by varying the surface anchoring energy of the alignment layer.

Abstract: AMLCDs containing a liquid-crystal medium which comprises a) at least one compound of the formula I and b) at least one compound of the formula II where the various parameters are as defined in the text, and to these liquid-crystal media and to their use in electro-optical displays.

Abstract: Tetrahydropyran derivatives having at least one ester group (—CO—O—) and at least one group —CN, —NCS, —F, —Cl, —OCHF2, —OCF3, —CF3, —OCHFCF3, —OCF2CHFCF3, SF5, or —OCF2CF3; a process for preparing said tetrahydropyran derivatives, and the use of said tetrahydropyran derivatives as a component in a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula I and to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I in which R1, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, Z1, Z2, X, v and u are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: A liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, which contains one or more compounds of the formula I in which R1 is a halogenated or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy radical having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, where one or more CH2 groups in these radicals are optionally, independently of one another, replaced by —C?C—, —CH?CH—, —O—, —CO—O— or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another, X is SF5, and L1 and L2 are each, independently of one another, H or F. The media are useful in electro-optical liquid crystal displays.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to liquid crystalline media comprising a dielectrically positive component, component A, consisting of dielectrically positive compounds, comprising one or more compounds of formula I and one or more compounds of formula II wherein the parameters have the meaning given in the specification and to liquid crystal displays comprising these media, especially to active matrix displays.