Abstract: The invention relates to process for preparing an internal olefin sulfonate, comprising: a) sulfonating an internal olefin to produce a first sulfonated internal olefin mixture; and b) contacting the first sulfonated internal olefin mixture with water, caustic and a non-ionic surfactant to form a neutralized sulfonated internal olefin mixture wherein greater than 10 wt. % of the non-ionic surfactant is added.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating a hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising: a) providing an aqueous composition which comprises i) an internal olefin sulfonate (IOS) surfactant; ii) an acid which has a pKa between 4 and 12; and iii) the conjugate base of the acid mentioned under ii), to at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing formation, by combining the aqueous composition with a hydrocarbon removal fluid to produce an injectable fluid, wherein the hydrocarbon removal fluid comprises 1) water and 2) divalent cations in a concentration of 50 or more parts per million by weight (ppmw), and injecting the injectable fluid into the hydrocarbon containing formation; and b) allowing the surfactant from the injectable fluid to interact with the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon containing formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating a hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising: a) providing an aqueous composition which comprises i) a surfactant of the formula R—O—[R?—O]x—X wherein R is a hydrocarbyl group, R?—O is an alkylene oxide group, x is the number of alkylene oxide groups R?—O, x is 0 or greater than 0, and X is a sulfate moiety; ii) an acid which has a pKa between 6 and 12; and iii) the conjugate base of the acid mentioned under ii), to at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing formation, by combining the aqueous composition with a hydrocarbon removal fluid to produce an injectable fluid, wherein the hydrocarbon removal fluid comprises 1) water and 2) divalent cations in a concentration of 100 or more parts per million by weight (ppmw), and injecting the injectable fluid into the hydrocarbon containing formation; and b) allowing the surfactant from the injectable fluid to interact with the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon containing formation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating a hydrocarbon containing formation, comprising: (a) providing a composition to at least a portion of the hydrocarbon containing formation, wherein the composition comprises water and an anionic surfactant which is an internal olefin sulfonate (IOS), which has a weight ratio of branched IOS molecules to linear IOS molecules N which is greater than 0 to smaller than 11:89; and (b) allowing the composition to interact with the hydrocarbons in the hydrocarbon containing formation. Further, the invention relates to a hydrocarbon recovery composition which comprises the composition used in said method, and to a hydrocarbon containing composition produced from a hydrocarbon containing formation which in addition to hydrocarbons contains the composition used in said method.

Abstract: A process for the double bond isomerization of a vinylidene olefin, comprising contacting a feed comprising the vinylidene olefin with an isomerization catalyst which comprises a molecular sieve in an acidic form, which molecular sieve comprises pores which have a pore size of more than 0.6 nm; and a process for treating an olefin mixture which comprises a linear ?-olefin and a vinylidene olefin which is isomeric to the linear ?-olefin and which is of the general formula CH2?C(R1)R2, wherein R1 represents an ethyl group and R2 represents a linear 1-alkyl group, which process comprises isomerizing the vinylidene olefin to form a double bond isomer of the vinylidene olefin by contacting a feed comprising the olefin mixture with an isomerization catalyst which comprises a molecular sieve in an acidic form, which molecular sieve comprises pores which have a pore size of more than 0.6 nm, and separating the linear ?-olefin from the double bond isomer of the vinylidene olefin.

Abstract: A process for the double bond isomerization of an olefin, which process comprises contacting a feed comprising the olefin with an isomerization catalyst, wherein prior to contacting the feed with the isomerization catalyst one or more components of the feed are pretreated by contacting with a pretreating material which comprises a zeolite which has a pore size of at least 0.

Abstract: A solution to the problem of reducing the bulk and weight of detergents for delivery to users by providing in at least one embodiment an in situ, discrete, batch mixing method and system for a diluent and concentrated detergent at a point of dispense. While some systems are designed to mix diluents and detergents, those systems are typically designed for continuous flow, for example, in a manufacturing facility. The present invention provides for mixing the diluent and detergents in discrete batches sized for a user at the point of dispense, using a method and system that can be located even in remote areas without an external power supply. The system and method only needs diluent line pressure in at least one embodiment. Further, the method and system controls access to the batch quantity so that multiple batches are not unintentionally extracted. The method and system can be used with vending machines placed on site.

Abstract: A system and method of processing laundry by the determination of surface tension in a dynamic environment for surfactant concentration in industrial laundry applications. The dosage system is able to control the surfactant concentration for a recycle wash tank and preferentially the washer tank using surface tension measurements, temperature control, and correlation to the percentage of active matter based on a full dose of a commercial surfactant for the wash runs. The dosage system preferably uses a surface tensiometer able to monitor surfactant levels and to constantly dose surfactant for use in subsequent washes.

Abstract: A process for the double bond isomerization of an olefin, which process comprises contacting a feed comprising the olefin with an isomerization catalyst, wherein prior to contacting the feed with the isomerization catalyst one or more components of the feed are pretreated by contacting with a pretreating material which comprises a zeolite which has a pore size of at least 0.

Abstract: A process for the double bond isomerization of a vinylidene olefin, comprising contacting a feed comprising the vinylidene olefin with an isomerization catalyst which comprises a molecular sieve in an acidic form, which molecular sieve comprises pores which have a pore size of more than 0.6 nm; and a process for treating an olefin mixture which comprises a linear &agr;-olefin and a vinylidene olefin which is isomeric to the linear &agr;-olefin and which is of the general formula CH2═C(R1)R2, wherein R1 represents an ethyl group and R2 represents a linear 1-alkyl group, which process comprises isomerizing the vinylidene olefin to form a double bond isomer of the vinylidene olefin by contacting a feed comprising the olefin mixture with an isomerization catalyst which comprises a molecular sieve in an acidic form, which molecular sieve comprises pores which have a pore size of more than 0.6 nm, and separating the linear &agr;-olefin from the double bond isomer of the vinylidene olefin.