Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to receiver apparatus and corresponding transmitter apparatus that can be configured in different operational states at different times. An example receiver apparatus comprises a plurality of downconverting means for downconverting separate antenna signals, one or more analog to digital converters, and one or more multiplexing means configurable in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. When the multiplexing means is configured in the first configuration the plurality of downconverting means and the one or more analog to digital converters are configured to enable separate antenna signals to be combined to provide hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming. The hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming can be provided across the bandwidth of the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method including identifying a service availability requirement and a survival time requirement for a terminal device, estimating a reliability level of a feedback channel associated with the terminal device based at least partly on a link quality and one or more physical control channel attributes associated with the terminal device, and determining a first target block error rate value for a first operation mode of the terminal device and a second target block error rate value for a second operation mode of the terminal device based at least partly on the service availability requirement, the survival time requirement, and the estimated reliability level of the feedback channel.

Abstract: According to an example aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus comprising at least one processing core and at least one memory storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processing core, cause the apparatus at least to transmit in uplink or sidelink, or receive in downlink, using orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, via a physical shared channel in a system comprising resource block groups, each resource block group comprising two or more resource blocks, each resource block comprising plural subcarriers which are consecutive to each other in frequency, and process an allocation of resources for the physical shared channel, the allocation received from a network node, the allocation defining that the apparatus may use a part of, but not all, subcarriers of each one of one or more resource blocks for communication via the physical shared channel.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: In some examples, a node for a telecommunication network includes a neural-network-based receiver for uplink communications. The node is configured to modify the neural-network-based receiver to generate a set of modified receiver frameworks defining respective different versions for the receiver, using each of the modified receiver frameworks, generate respective measures representing bits encoded by a signal received at the node, calculate a value representing a variance of the measures, and on the basis of the value, determine whether to select the signal received at the node for use as part of a training set of data for the neural-network-based receiver.

Abstract: An apparatus, method and computer program is described comprising: determining a first desired formation for a plurality of objects in accordance with a communication performance algorithm, wherein the plurality of objects are in communication with a first communication node; and instructing the objects of the plurality to move to respective object positions of the first desired formation in a first mode of operation.

Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus. The apparatus comprises means for performing: in response to detecting a jamming signal, obtaining a sample waveform of the jamming signal; and sending information of the jamming signal to another apparatus.

Abstract: As solution for selection of power control parameters is presented. The solution comprises determining, from a given set of radio access network parameters, a selection of radio access network parameters which have an effect on uplink power control, and training a neural network to determine uplink power control parameters, utilising as an input the selection of radio access network parameter, and utilising the trained neural network, with as an input the selection of radio access network parameters, obtain as an output a set of initial uplink power control parameters.

Abstract: Examples of the disclosure relate to receiver apparatus and corresponding transmitter apparatus that can be configured in different operational states at different times. An example receiver apparatus comprises a plurality of downconverting means for downconverting separate antenna signals, one or more analog to digital converters, and one or more multiplexing means configurable in at least a first configuration and a second configuration. When the multiplexing means is configured in the first configuration the plurality of downconverting means and the one or more analog to digital converters are configured to enable separate antenna signals to be combined to provide hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming. The hybrid beamforming or analog beamforming can be provided across the bandwidth of the apparatus.

Abstract: Systems, methods, apparatuses, and computer program products for detecting mismatch in digital twin data. One method may include receiving, by a radio network control system, at least one of reliability and latency constraint communication related values from one or more sources with geolocation information. The method may further include comparing the at least one of received reliability and latency constraint communication related values to one or more threshold values of the one or more sources to determine presence of a mismatch. The method may also include sending one or more indications of the comparison of the at least one of reliability and latency constraint communication related values and the one or more threshold values to a system element for determining a need for one or more actions.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed, the apparatus comprising a means for receiving selection of a relay system associated with a base station (10) of a communications network, the relay system comprising a first antenna (15) for substantially fixed orientation towards an antenna (12) of the base station and a second antenna (16) which is mechanically movable about one or more axes responsive to the control data to provide one of a range of possible orientations. The apparatus may also comprise a means for sending control data to the selected relay system for controlling the orientation of the second antenna, the control data comprising at least positioning instructions received from a node of the communications network for causing positioning of the second antenna to a particular orientation associated with a mobile target object (19).

Abstract: Disclosed is a method comprising obtaining information indicating at least a mode of a plurality of terminal devices, and allocating a set of radio resources to the plurality of terminal devices based at least partly on the mode of the plurality of terminal devices.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing anti-jamming procedures. According to an aspect, a method for a terminal device comprises: receiving a first reference signal allocation from an access node, wherein the first reference signal is unique to the terminal device in a cell managed by the access node; receiving a second reference signal allocation from the access node, wherein the second reference signal is shared with at least one other terminal device in the cell; causing transmission of payload data together with the first reference signal according to a regular transmission pattern; and breaking the regular transmission pattern by transmitting dummy data together with the second reference signal in a time-frequency resource shared with the at least one other terminal device.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing anti-jamming procedures. According to an aspect, a method for a terminal device comprises: receiving a first reference signal allocation from an access node, wherein the first reference signal is unique to the terminal device in a cell managed by the access node; receiving a second reference signal allocation from the access node, wherein the second reference signal is shared with at least one other terminal device in the cell; causing transmission of payload data together with the first reference signal according to a regular transmission pattern; and breaking the regular transmission pattern by transmitting dummy data together with the second reference signal in a time-frequency resource shared with the at least one other terminal device.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a method in the radio head comprises receiving a reference signal from a terminal device, and computing a channel estimate on the basis of the reference signal and transferring the channel estimate with a first precision level to the network node over a link between the radio head and the network node. The first precision level defines a first number of bits carrying the channel estimate, then the method determines to change the precision level and, in response to the determining, transfers the channel estimate or a further channel estimate with a second precision level to the network node. The second precision level defines a second number of bits carrying the channel estimate or the further channel estimate, the second number being different from the first number.

Abstract: An apparatus comprises: at least one processor; and at least one memory including computer program code; the at least one memory and the computer program code configured to, with the at least one processor, cause the apparatus at least to: use a first base station central unit coupled to a first base station distributed unit in dependence on a computational capacity of the first base station central unit.

Abstract: This document discloses a solution for performing spectrum allocations.

Abstract: An apparatus (60) for a base station (10) comprising an antenna system (11) for transmitting a radio signal with devices (30) located in a beam (12) associated with said antenna system (11); said apparatus comprising detecting means (20) configured to timely capture a dated image of a geographical zone (22) at least partly covering said beam (12); processing means (61) configured to determine at least an object (50) corresponding to said devices (30) within said image and properties of said objects, including at least one property representing the visibility of said object in said dated image; control means (62) configured to adapt the radio connection serving said device (30), according to said at least one property.

Abstract: Resource allocation for data transmission. A method includes: detecting a need for a transmission of data from a first user apparatus via a first base station to a second user apparatus via a second base station. In response to detecting the need, requesting backhaul resources for a transmission from the first base station to the second base station. After requesting the backhaul resources, controlling reception of the data from the first user apparatus, and triggering a transmission of the data using the backhaul resources to the second base station for a transmission of the data to the second user apparatus.