Abstract: An organic ELECTROLUMINESCENCE device exhibiting a minimal change in the color purity (CIE chromaticity coordinates) even if there is some fluctuation in the optical path length, and a method of manufacturing such an organic EL device are provided.

Abstract: Provided are a fluorescence conversion medium which comprises at least a fluorescent coloring matter and a binder resin and which can absorb light from a light emitter and can emit visible fluorescence, wherein fine particles containing the fluorescent coloring matter are dispersed in the binder resin; and a display device that comprises a light emitter and the fluorescence conversion medium. The fluorescence conversion medium (including fluorescence conversion films) has the advantages of stable fluorescence conversion capability, good heat resistance and good light resistance and favorable to high-resolution multi-color image display; and the display device comprises the fluorescence conversion medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence-reddening membrane which comprises a light-transmittable medium and, dispersed therein, (a) a rhodamine base fluorescence pigment and (b) a fluorescence pigment which has absorptions in the blue region and induces energy transfer to and reabsorptions from the rhodamine base fluorescence pigment. According to the present invention, it is made possible to provide the fluorescence-reddening membrane capable of converting the color of light emitted by a blue-emitting organic electroluminescence device to a red light at a high conversion efficiency and also to provide an inexpensive red-emitting device capable of reducing the size and thickness of itself.

Abstract: Provided are a producing apparatus and a producing process which make it possible to obtain effectively an organic EL display device capable of suppressing the generation of dark spots for a long time even in a high temperature environment.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device 100 comprises a color modulating member 2 including a plurality of shading layers 21 and a plurality of color modulating layers 22, the layers 21 and 22 being arranged in a planar and discrete manner, an organic EL electroluminescent member 3 including a plurality of organic EL elements arranged in a planar and discrete manner at a site corresponding to the color modulating layers 22, and a transparent medium 1 sandwiched between the color modulating member 2 and the organic EL electroluminescent member 3, wherein the relation d2≧d1 is satisfied, with d1 being a distance between the color modulating member 2 and the organic EL electroluminescent member 3, and d2 being a width of the shading layer. A practical organic EL display device is thus provided which has an excellent viewing angle property as well as an excellent visuality and which can prevent occurrence of color-shift (color mixing) and blot.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescence display device 100 comprises a color modulating member 2 including a plurality of shading layers 21 and a plurality of color modulating layers 22, the layers 21 and 22 being arranged in a planar and discrete manner, an organic EL electroluminescent member 3 including a plurality of organic EL elements arranged in a planar and discrete manner at a site corresponding to the color modulating layers 22, and a transparent medium 1 sandwiched between the color modulating member 2 and the organic EL electroluminescent member 3, wherein the relation d2≧d1 is satisfied, with d1 being a distance between the color modulating member 2 and the organic EL electroluminescent member 3, and d2 being a width of the shading layer. A practical organic EL display device is thus provided which has an excellent viewing angle property as well as an excellent visuality and which can prevent occurrence of color-shift (color mixing) and blot.

Abstract: An organic EL device comprising a lower electrode, an organic light-emission medium and an upper electrode on a support substrate, wherein the water content of the organic light-emission medium is 0.05 wt. % or less and its making method thereof. By constituting the organic EL device like this, it is possible to prevent the shrinkage of light-emission area based on production of the non-emission parts or non-emission spots for a long time at the high temperature condition as well as the room condition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluorescence-reddening membrane which comprises a light-transmittable medium and, dispersed therein, (a) a rhodamine base fluorescence pigment and (b) a fluorescence pigment which has absorptions in the blue region and induces energy transfer to and reabsorptions from the rhodamine base fluorescence pigment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a fluorescence-reddening membrane which is made up of a light-transmittable medium and, dispersed therein, (a) a rhodamine base fluorescence pigment and (b) a fluorescence pigment which has absorptions in the blue region and induces energy transfer to and reabsorptions from the rhodamine base fluorescence lamp at high conversion effieciencies.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent element which is highly precise and minute, uniform in light emission, free from cross talk, resistant to external pressure, and further excellent in sealing properties and a process for producing the above element. The organic electroluminescent element 1 which is equipped, between a lower electrode 3 and a counter eletrode 4 each on a substrate 2, with an intervening organic layer 5 comprising a light-emitting layer, comprises an inter-insulator film 6 having a coefficient of water absorption of at most 0.1% in a non-light-emitting element portion; step portions 9 in the inter-insulator layer 6 which define the boundary between a light-emitting element portion and a non-light-emitting element portion and which comprise rising parts almost perpendicular to the surface of the lower electrode 3; and a sealing plate or a sealing lid 7 which is placed over the inter-insulator layer 6 and which is attached to the substrate 2 via an adhesive layer 8.

Abstract: Disclosed is an organic electroluminescence element comprising a substrate, and a lower electrode 2, an organic layer 3 and a counter electrode 4 superposed on the substrate in the mentioned order, the lower electrode having a specific resistance which is equal to or more than 0.5.times.10.sup.-4 .OMEGA..multidot.cm, the lower electrode 2 being connected to a wiring layer 5, the wiring layer 5 being implanted in a planarization layer 6 interposed between the substrate 1 and the lower electrode 2 or in the substrate 1.

Abstract: Disclosed is a practicable, image display device comprising a color-changing array 2 of a plurality of light-shielding layers 21 and a plurality of color-changing layers 22, of which at least one is a fluorescent layer, as disposed in series on a light-transmissive substrate 1 with being laterally spaced, and an array of a plurality of light-emitting layers 3 as laterally spaced to be in the position corresponding to each color-changing layer 22 in such a manner that the color-changing layers 22 receive emitted light from the light-emitting layers 3 to change it into different colors. The device is characterized in that the surface of the color-changing array 2 that faces the array of light-emitting layers 3 is planarized to thereby reduce its surface roughness to 2.0 .mu.m or lower. The images formed by the device have high visibility with little color mixing and color spread. The producibility of the device is high.

Abstract: This invention provides a multi-color light emission apparatus wherein a transparent inorganic oxide substrate (4) is disposed between an organic EL device (1) and a fluorescent layer (3) in such a manner as to arrange the fluorescent layer (3) with a gap with the organic EL device (1), and the organic EL device (1) is sealed by sealing means (5) between the transparent inorganic oxide substrate (4) and a support substrate (2). The invention provides also a multi-color light emission apparatus wherein a transparent insulating inorganic oxide layer (12) having a thickness of 0.01 to 200 .mu.m is interposed between the fluorescent layer (3) and the organic EL device (1). In this way, light emission life and angle-of-view characteristics can be improved.

Abstract: A multicolor luminescent device comprising a color conversion material in which a plurality of shielding layers and a plurality of different color conversion layers are separately and repeatedly assembled on the same flat, alternating with each other, and an organic EL emitting material including a plurality of organic EL elements separately assembled on the same flat at each position corresponding to the plurality of color conversion layers, the color conversion material and the organic EL emitting material being disposed so as to sandwich a transmittable medium between them, characterized in that the distance (d.sub.1) between the color conversion material and the organic EL emitting material and the width (d.sub.2) of the shielding layer satisfy the equation, d.sub.2 .gtoreq.d.sub.1.

Abstract: A process for producing color filters which enable a transparent electrode for forming a coloring matter film to be used as a transparent electrode for driving liquid crystals, and a resist for a light-shielding film used in this process for forming an insulating black matrix, is disclosed. The above production method comprises forming a black matrix over electrodes other than those corresponding to the individual separated colors and, at the same time, insulating layers as electrode contact window belts by utilizing the black matrix material; forming the electrode contact window belts by forming an electrically conductive layer over the black matrix so that they connect within each electrode contact window belt unit, but do not connect with those in different electrode contact window belt units; and forming a coloring matter layer by a micellar disruption method.

Abstract: A process for producing an organic thin film comprising solubilizing a hydrophobic organic substance with a surfactant containing a ferrocene compound in an aqueous medium to form a micelle solution, and electrolyzing the micelle solution to form a thin film of the hydrophobic organic substance on an electrode. The ferrocene compound has the formula: ##STR1## G is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen, methyl or ethyl,m is a positive integer satisfying the expression0.ltoreq.k+m.ltoreq.10,Z is --O-- or ##STR2## R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is H, NH.sub.2, N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 O, OH or halogen,R.sup.3 is hydrogen or methyl,k is a positive integer satisfying the expression 0.ltoreq.k+m.ltoreq.10,n is a real number of 2 to 70, a is an integer of 1 to 4, andb is an integer of 1 to 5.

Abstract: A process for producing an organic thin film, wherein a hydrophobic organic substance is admixed with a ferrocene compound in an aqueous medium to solubilize the hydrophobic organic substance and form a micelle solution. The micelle solution is electrolyzed to form thin film of the hydrophobic organic substance on an anode. The ferrocene compound has the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen, a methyl group, a methoxyl group, an amino group, a dimethylamino group, a hydroxyl group or halogen, X is ##STR2## M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, a is an integer of 1 to 4, b is an integer of 1 to 5, k is an integer of 1 to 18 and m is an integer of 0 to 4.

Abstract: A ferrocene compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and are a hydrogen, a methyl group, a methoxyl group, an amino group, a dimethylamino group, a hydroxyl group or a halogen,X is ##STR2## Y is ##STR3## M is an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, a is an integer of 1 to 4,b is an integer of 1 to 5,k is an integer of 1 to 18 andm is an integer of 0 to 4.The ferrocene compound can be used as a surfactant to produce an organic thin film from various hydrophobic organic substances. The surfactant serves to make the hydrophobic organic substance soluble in an aqueous medium.

Abstract: Ferrocene compounds represented by the formula: ##STR1## wherein A indicates ##STR2## wherein X is --CH.sub.2 --, --O--, ##STR3## G is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or an ethyl group, R.sup.4 is a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and m is a positive integer satisfying the expression 0.ltoreq.k+m.ltoreq.10, Z is --O-- or ##STR4## and R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and each is H, NH.sub.2, N(CH.sub.3).sub.2, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.3 O, OH or a halogen atom, and R.sup.3 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, k is a positive integer satisfying the expression 0.ltoreq.k+m.ltoreq.10, and n is a real number of 2 to 70, a is an integer of 1 to 4, and b is an integer of 1 to 5. Also provided by the invention are surfactants containing said ferrocene compounds.