Abstract: The present invention provides an improved quantitative PCR method (qPCR method) for measuring a quantity of a target gene included in a human cell, the method enabling a more accurate analysis of cell kinetics in cell therapy, for example. The qPCR method of the present invention includes a step of adding, to a biological sample including the human cell, a predetermined quantity of exogenous DNA that does not cross over with the target gene as an external standard for correcting a measured quantity of the target gene.

Abstract: As a technology for an observation device and an inspection device, a technology capable of reducing a work effort related to generation of a recipe including alignment information is provided. An observation device 1 includes an observation unit 103 that obtains an image for observing a sample 101 on a stage 102. A computer system 2 of the observation device 1 acquires the image from the observation unit 103, specifies a period of a pattern-formed unit region repeatedly formed on a surface of the sample 101 from the image, and generates a recipe including observation or inspection alignment positions of the sample 101 using the specified period.

Abstract: A defect observation device detects a defect with high accuracy regardless of a defect size. One imaging configuration for observing an observation target on a sample is selected from an optical microscope, an optical microscope, and an electron microscope, and an imaging condition of the selected imaging configuration is controlled.

Abstract: A defect observation device detects a defect with high accuracy regardless of a defect size. One imaging configuration for observing an observation target on a sample is selected from an optical microscope, an optical microscope, and an electron microscope, and an imaging condition of the selected imaging configuration is controlled.

Abstract: The biological particle counter has a first circuit configured to generate a first signal corresponding to fluorescence from the biological particle in response to irradiated light. A measurement value obtainer is configured to obtain, from the biological particle counter, a voltage value of the first signal for a calibration particle obtained in such a manner that a fluorescence agent infiltrates into a surface of a polystyrene particle. A circuit adjuster is configured to use reference data indicating a correspondence relation between a fluorescence agent parameter value correlated to the content of the fluorescence agent and a reference voltage value of the first signal corresponding to the fluorescence agent parameter value, thereby specifying the reference voltage value of the first signal corresponding to the fluorescence agent parameter value for the calibration particle.

Abstract: A method of producing reduced glutathione by electrolytic reduction of oxidized glutathione using a cathode cell and an anode cell separated from each other by a separating membrane, including using a cathode having a metal cathode surface, and, as a cathode solution, an aqueous oxidized glutathione solution having a pH adjusted to higher than 3.0 and 5.0 or below by adding a base, which is added with the same metal as the metal of the cathode surface, a metal salt thereof, or a metal oxide thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing reduced glutathione by electrolytic reduction of oxidized glutathione using a cathode cell and an anode cell separated from each other by a separating membrane, including using a cathode having a metal cathode surface, and, as a cathode solution, an aqueous oxidized glutathione solution having a pH adjusted to higher than 3.0 and 5.0 or below by adding a base, which is added with the same metal as the metal of the cathode surface, a metal salt thereof, or a metal oxide thereof.