Abstract: A photoelectric-surface electron source includes: a glass substrate that receives laser light from a substrate light-receiving surface including microlenses and that focuses the laser light toward a substrate main surface located on the opposite side from the substrate light-receiving surface; a photoelectric surface that is provided to the substrate main surface, and that receives the focused laser light and emits photoelectrons; and an extraction electrode that is fixed to the substrate main surface and that extracts the photoelectrons from the photoelectric surface. The extraction electrode is disposed away from the photoelectric surface along the normal direction of the substrate main surface and has: an electrode part in which electrode holes for allowing the photoelectrons to pass therethrough are provided; and a frame part that is fixed to a region surrounding the photoelectric surface in the substrate main surface.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus includes: a magnetoencephalograph including optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring geomagnetic field at positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring a fluctuating magnetic field at the positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, nulling coils for cancelling the geomagnetic field, and an active shield coil for cancelling the fluctuating magnetic field; an MRI apparatus including nulling coils for applying a static magnetic field and a gradient magnetic field, a transmission coil, and a receive coil; and a control device that, when measuring a brain's magnetic field, controls currents supplied to the nulling coils and the active shield coil based on measured values of the magnetic sensors and, when measuring an MR image, controls the static magnetic field and the gradient magnetic field by controlling currents supplied to the nulling coils and generates an MR image from an output of the receive coil.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus includes: a magnetoencephalograph including optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring a static magnetic field at positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, and a nulling coil for canceling the static magnetic field; an MRI apparatus including a permanent magnet, a gradient magnetic field coil, a transmission coil, and a receive coil for detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal; and a control device that, when measuring the brain's magnetic field, controls a current to be supplied to the nulling coil based on measured values of the magnetic sensors and operates so as to cancel a static magnetic field at the position of each of the optically pumped magnetometers and, when measuring an MR image, controls the gradient magnetic field by controlling a current to be supplied to the gradient magnetic field coil and generates an MR image based on an output of the receive coil.

Abstract: Provided is a brain measurement system including: a geomagnetic correction coil; a geomagnetic gradient correction coil; a transmission coil; a receiving coil; a plurality of resonance adjustment circuits; a plurality of OPM modules provided corresponding to each of the plurality of resonance adjustment circuits for detecting a signal having a resonance frequency output from the resonance adjustment circuit; and a control device for generating an MR image based on the signal detected by the OPM module, wherein, when a direction parallel to a central axis of a head portion of a subject is defined as a Z-axis direction, the resonance frequency related to each of the plurality of resonance adjustment circuits is set according to a magnetic field gradient in the Z-axis direction generated by control of a position of the corresponding receiving coil in the Z-axis direction and a tilted magnetic field.

Abstract: An optically pumped magnetometer includes cells configured to form a first cell region and a second cell region on a measurement target, a pump laser, a probe laser, a first optical system configured to cause pump light to be incident on the first cell region, a second optical system configured to cause the pump light having passed through the first cell region to be incident on the second cell region, a third optical system configured to cause first probe light to be incident on the first cell region, a fourth optical system configured to cause second probe light to be incident on the second cell region, detection portions configured to detect the first probe light having passed through the first cell region and the second probe light having passed through the second cell region, and a deriving portion configured to derive an intensity of a magnetic field.

Abstract: A photoelectric-surface electron source includes: a glass substrate that receives laser light from a substrate light-receiving surface including microlenses and that focuses the laser light toward a substrate main surface located on the opposite side from the substrate light-receiving surface; a photoelectric surface that is provided to the substrate main surface, and that receives the focused laser light and emits photoelectrons; and an extraction electrode that is fixed to the substrate main surface and that extracts the photoelectrons from the photoelectric surface. The extraction electrode is disposed away from the photoelectric surface along the normal direction of the substrate main surface and has: an electrode part in which electrode holes for allowing the photoelectrons to pass therethrough are provided; and a frame part that is fixed to a region surrounding the photoelectric surface in the substrate main surface.

Abstract: A photoelectric surface includes a window material, a photoelectric conversion layer provided with a light incidence surface and an electron emission surface, and a carbon layer provided on the electron emission surface.

Abstract: A photoelectric surface electron source includes a glass substrate configured to receive laser light incident from a substrate back surface to emit the laser light from a substrate main surface, a photoelectric surface provided on the substrate main surface and configured to receive the laser light and emit a photoelectron, a lens array disposed on the substrate back surface and including a plurality of microlenses for condensing the laser light toward the photoelectric surface, and a light shielding portion provided on the glass substrate. The light shielding portion has a back surface-side light shielding layer provided on a back surface-side light shielding surface interposed between the plurality of microlenses on the substrate back surface, and a main surface-side light shielding layer provided on a main surface-side light shielding surface.

Abstract: An optically pumped magnetometer 1 includes: a cell 2; a pump laser 7 that emits pump light; one or more pump light mirrors that cause the pump light guided in a first direction; a probe laser 8 that emits probe light; a splitting unit 12 that splits the probe light into multiple light components; one or more probe light mirrors that cause each of the probe light components guided in a second direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the first direction; a detection unit that detects each of the probe light components perpendicular to the pump light inside the cell 2; and a derivation unit that derives a magnetic field corresponding to a region where each of the probe light components and the pump light are perpendicular to each other based on a detection result of the detection unit.

Abstract: Provided is a brain measurement system including: a geomagnetic correction coil; a geomagnetic gradient correction coil; a transmission coil; a receiving coil; a plurality of resonance adjustment circuits; a plurality of OPM modules provided corresponding to each of the plurality of resonance adjustment circuits for detecting a signal having a resonance frequency output from the resonance adjustment circuit; and a control device for generating an MR image based on the signal detected by the OPM module, wherein, when a direction parallel to a central axis of a head portion of a subject is defined as a Z-axis direction, the resonance frequency related to each of the plurality of resonance adjustment circuits is set according to a magnetic field gradient in the Z-axis direction generated by control of a position of the corresponding receiving coil in the Z-axis direction and a tilted magnetic field.

Abstract: An optically pumped magnetometer includes cells configured to form a first cell region and a second cell region on a measurement target, a pump laser, a probe laser, a first optical system configured to cause pump light to be incident on the first cell region, a second optical system configured to cause the pump light having passed through the first cell region to be incident on the second cell region, a third optical system configured to cause first probe light to be incident on the first cell region, a fourth optical system configured to cause second probe light to be incident on the second cell region, detection portions configured to detect the first probe light having passed through the first cell region and the second probe light having passed through the second cell region, and a deriving portion configured to derive an intensity of a magnetic field.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus includes: a static magnetic field forming unit for forming a static magnetic field in a measurement area; a gradient magnetic field coil for forming a gradient magnetic field in the measurement area; a transmission coil for transmitting a transmission pulse toward a subject in the measurement area; a detection coil for detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated in the subject by transmission of the transmission pulse; and a generator for generating an MR image based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal detected by the detection coil.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus configured to generate an MR image and a brain's magnetic field distribution of a subject includes: an MRI module having a transmission coil configured to transmit a transmission pulse toward the subject and a detection coil configured to detect a nuclear magnetic resonance signal generated in the subject by the transmission pulse; an optically pumped magnetometer configured to detect a brain's magnetic field of the subject; a generator configured to generate the MR image based on the nuclear magnetic resonance signal detected by the detection coil and generating the brain's magnetic field distribution based on the brain's magnetic field detected by the optically pumped magnetometer; a marker displayed on the MR image generated by the generator; and a helmet-type frame to which the detection coil, the optically pumped magnetometer, and the marker are attached and which is attached to a head of the subject.

Abstract: A magnetoencephalograph M1 includes: multiple pump-probe type optically pumped magnetometers 1A; a bias magnetic field forming coil 15 for applying a bias magnetic field in the same direction as a direction of pump light of each of the multiple pump-probe type optically pumped magnetometers 1A and in a direction approximately parallel to a scalp; a control device 5 that determines a current for the bias magnetic field forming coil and outputs a control signal corresponding to the determined current; and a coil power supply 6 that outputs a current to the bias magnetic field forming coil in response to the control signal output from the control device.

Abstract: This invention concerns a photo-cathode for a vacuum system, wherein the photo-cathode is configured for receiving electromagnetic radiation having an incoming wavelength and for emitting electrons in response thereto. The photo-cathode comprises a conducting structure having a geometry, the geometry comprising a tip section. The tip section is adapted to provide field enhancement, ?, when the conducting structure is illuminated with the electromagnetic radiation, wherein ? is greater than about 102. The photo-cathode further comprising a substrate, the substrate being or comprising a dielectric substrate, the substrate supporting the conducting structure.

Abstract: An optically pumped magnetometer 1 includes: a cell 2; a pump laser 7 that emits pump light; one or more pump light mirrors that cause the pump light guided in a first direction; a probe laser 8 that emits probe light; a splitting unit 12 that splits the probe light into multiple light components; one or more probe light mirrors that cause each of the probe light components guided in a second direction, which is a direction perpendicular to the first direction; a detection unit that detects each of the probe light components perpendicular to the pump light inside the cell 2; and a derivation unit that derives a magnetic field corresponding to a region where each of the probe light components and the pump light are perpendicular to each other based on a detection result of the detection unit.

Abstract: A magnetoencephalograph M1 includes: multiple optically pumped magnetometers 1A that measure a brain's magnetic field; multiple magnetic sensors for geomagnetic field cancellation 2 that measure a magnetic field; multiple magnetic sensors for active shield 3 that measure a fluctuating magnetic field; a geomagnetic field nulling coil; an active shield coil 9; a control device 5 that determines a current to generate a magnetic field for canceling the magnetic field based on measured values of the multiple magnetic sensors for geomagnetic field cancellation 2, determines a current to generate a magnetic field for canceling the fluctuating magnetic field based on measured values of the multiple magnetic sensors for active shield 3, and outputs a control signal corresponding to each of the determined currents; and a coil power supply 6 that outputs a current to each coil in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A magnetoencephalograph M1 includes: multiple pump-probe type optically pumped magnetometers 1A; a bias magnetic field forming coil 15 for applying a bias magnetic field in the same direction as a direction of pump light of each of the multiple pump-probe type optically pumped magnetometers 1A and in a direction approximately parallel to a scalp; a control device 5 that determines a current for the bias magnetic field forming coil and outputs a control signal corresponding to the determined current; and a coil power supply 6 that outputs a current to the bias magnetic field forming coil in response to the control signal output from the control device.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus includes: a magnetoencephalograph including optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring geomagnetic field at positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring a fluctuating magnetic field at the positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, nulling coils for cancelling the geomagnetic field, and an active shield coil for cancelling the fluctuating magnetic field; an MRI apparatus including nulling coils for applying a static magnetic field and a gradient magnetic field, a transmission coil, and a receive coil; and a control device that, when measuring a brain's magnetic field, controls currents supplied to the nulling coils and the active shield coil based on measured values of the magnetic sensors and, when measuring an MR image, controls the static magnetic field and the gradient magnetic field by controlling currents supplied to the nulling coils and generates an MR image from an output of the receive coil.

Abstract: A brain measurement apparatus includes: a magnetoencephalograph including optically pumped magnetometers, magnetic sensors for measuring a static magnetic field at positions of the optically pumped magnetometers, and a nulling coil for canceling the static magnetic field; an MRI apparatus including a permanent magnet, a gradient magnetic field coil, a transmission coil, and a receive coil for detecting a nuclear magnetic resonance signal; and a control device that, when measuring the brain's magnetic field, controls a current to be supplied to the nulling coil based on measured values of the magnetic sensors and operates so as to cancel a static magnetic field at the position of each of the optically pumped magnetometers and, when measuring an MR image, controls the gradient magnetic field by controlling a current to be supplied to the gradient magnetic field coil and generates an MR image based on an output of the receive coil.