Abstract: A zoom lens device includes a zoom optical system, in which front, middle and rear lens groups are set at one focal length between a wide-angle end where a focal length is short and a telephoto end where the focal length is long. Lens barrels move in first and second regions to move the front, middle and rear lens groups along an optical axis. The lens barrels, when in the first region, focus the zoom optical system with a predetermined focal length kept by maintaining an interval between the front and middle lens groups, and when in the second region, change the focal length of the zoom optical system. A combination of a cam follower pin and a cam groove effects focusing by moving the middle lens group relative to the front lens group along the optical axis when the lens barrels are in the second region.

Abstract: A subject positioning device for an interferometer includes a positioning mechanism for positioning a test surface within an axial extent of interference positions in the object beam path, which is less than double of a thickness of the subject, and at least one positioning lens placed between a beam splitter and the axial extent of interference positions in the object beam path with a focal point located within the axial extent of interference positions.

Abstract: A subject positioning device for an interferometer includes a positioning mechanism for positioning a test surface within an axial extent of interference positions in the object beam path, which is less than double of a thickness of the subject, and at least one positioning lens placed between a beam splitter and the axial extent of interference positions in the object beam path with a focal point located within the axial extent of interference positions.

Abstract: In an optical apparatus utilizing moire fringes to inspect surface irregularities of a test object, a single light beam forms a light beam network in an optical sensor (28) such that the test object can be two-dimensionally detected, thereby preventing the test object from abnormally approaching a moire grating (12). The light beam is reflected between a pair of mirrors (50, 52) a plurality of times within an identical plane and then the optical sensor (28) detects the intensity of the light beam. The optical sensor (28) is disposed such that the light beam network is positioned directly below the moire grating (12). Accordingly, a test object (2) abnormally approaching the moire grating (12) can be two-dimensionally detected by the light beam network, thereby improving the accuracy in detection.

Abstract: A main measuring light having a first wavelength is projected onto a work and a reference surface to produce first interference fringes and a determination light having a second wavelength slightly different from the first wavelength is projected onto the work and the reference surface to produce second interference fringes. Whether the surface of the work is concave or convex, in which direction the surface inclines or the refractive index distribution of the work is determined on the basis of the relative positions of the first and second interference fringes.

Abstract: An image pickup device providing favorable images which effectively suppress the interference stripe noise originating in the interference stripes created on an image sensor surface of the image pickup device. The image pickup device includes an image sensor 3 and an overlying lid glass 2. By providing a prescribed inclination angle with respect to the relative position of the image sensor 3 and the lid glass 2 protecting it, the same number of interference stripes are provided with respect to each constitutional image-defining element within the image sensor 3, and prevention of interference stripe noise is achieved by leveling the average light intensity each constitutional image-defining element receives so that sensitizing of interference stripe noise does not occur at the specific elements.

Abstract: A fiber for lateral beaming of a laser beam, wherein an affected portion in a cavity of an internal organ in a living body is irradiated by the laser beam in a through-endoscopic manner. The fiber for lateral beaming of the laser beam is constructed such that a transparent tubular member is coupled to the forward end portion of a fiber through two coating layers, and an anti-reflection coating layer is formed on a laser beam exiting surface of the transparent tubular member. Owing to the anti-reflection coating layer, this fiber for lateral beaming is free from the harmful leaking beam. Since the transparent tubular member is connected to the fiber through the two coating layes, the fiber can avoid being broken.

Abstract: A laser vascular anastomosis apparatus comprising a fiber probe with a conical tip formed at its distal end for transmitting therethrough an applying laser rays to butted vascular ends to be joined. The probe is inserted through the wall of one of vascular ducts to be anastomosed and then the conical tip is positioned inside the butt joint. The conical tip serves to reflect laser rays incident upon its wall once by total internal reflection and then to allow the reflected laser rays to emanate from the tip, passing through the opposite wall thereof so as to form annular sheath of laser rays which are applied to the annular inside wall of the butted portion of the vascular ducts to be anastomosed.

Abstract: A laser beam emitted from a laser is divided into a plurality of beams and the divided beams are introduced into respective fiberoptics. Each beam is transmitted through the corresponding fiberoptic and projected from the exit face of the fiberoptic, where the beams are synthesized to form a light spot. The affected part of a patient to be treated is exposed to the light spot.

Abstract: A method for cutting a specific layer of a synthetic resin laminated film comprising at least two kinds of closely laminated synthetic resin material film layers having spectral absorption characteristics different from each other, which comprisesplacing the focus of a laser ray having a wavelength that enables the laser ray to be absorbed by the specific film layer to be cut and transmitted through the film layer not to be cut, on said specific film layer directly or through the other transmitting film layer; andmoving the focus of the laser ray on the plane of said specific film layer, moving said specific film layer on the plane of said specific film layer under a stationary laser focus, or forcing the focus and said specific film layer, respectively, to move in conjunction, keeping the focus on the plane of said specific film layer, whereby said specific film layer only will be selectively cut along the predetermined line or curve.

Abstract: A color hologram is recorded on a holographic recording material sequentially by use of different color coherent light beams with a stripe filter placed on the recording material and moved by a length equal to the width of the transparent stripes of the filter for each different color laser beam. The color holographic image recorded is therefore composed of stripes of different color component arranged side by side in a fixed order. The color holographic image is reconstructed by exposing the hologram simultaneously to different color reference light beams through stripe filters inserted in the respective reference light beams.